Order of the Patriotic War, 2nd class, mint. Devaluation of feat and order; where it all began (Order of the Patriotic War)

The Soviet Union received a large number of awards necessary to honor the courage and heroism of the soldiers and officers of the Red Army, as well as the civilian population who took an active part in the fight against the German invaders.

Among the first awards that appeared during these years was Order of the Patriotic War. The history of its creation dates back to April 1942, when J.V. Stalin instructed General Khrulev to develop a draft award for soldiers who distinguished themselves in battles with the Nazis. The artists Dmitriev S.I. and Kuznetsov A.I. worked on the design of the sign. Initially, the order was to be called “For Military Valor,” but later, when the trial copies were approved, it was decided to give the name “Patriotic War.”

In May 1942, the order was established with degrees - first and second, the highest of which is the first.

The statute provides for awards to military personnel of all branches of the military, including fighters and commanders of partisan detachments. The award is made for the bravery, perseverance and courage of the recipients shown during the battles with the Nazi invaders. Those military personnel who in any way contributed to the successful conduct of military operations can also be awarded. For each degree, the statute contains a detailed, detailed description of the feat for which it was awarded Order of the Patriotic War.

The basis of the sign is a five-pointed star. Superimposed on it is a red five-pointed star, the rays of which have a slightly convex shape. A round shield is placed in its middle, the edges of which are bordered by a convex belt, painted white. The inscription " Patriotic War" The middle of the shield is covered with red enamel. The shield contains a golden sickle and hammer. The red star covers a crossed rifle and saber.

The material from which the badge of the order is made " Patriotic War» 1 tbsp. - gold and silver. Sign 2 tbsp. - made of silver. The hammer and sickle on the signs of both degrees is made of gold.

For fastening to clothing, a threaded pin with a nut is provided, fixed on the reverse side of the sign.

The order corresponds to a silk, moire ribbon of burgundy color. The tape has red stripes. For 1 tbsp. - one strip in the middle, and for 2 tbsp. – two stripes along the edges of the tape.

Wearing the first degree badge is provided after the badge of the Order of Alexander Nevsky on the right side of the chest. Cavaliers of two degrees also wear them on the right, but in order of seniority of degrees.

Order of the Patriotic War, first on the list of recipients

The first awarding of the hordes. The “Patriotic War” took place in June 1942. The soldiers of the artillery division under the command of Captain I. I. Krikliy were awarded for inflicting serious damage to the Germans in equipment during two-day battles. They destroyed over thirty German tanks.

In total, awards were made during the war years: 1 tbsp. - 324 thousand, the second - about 1 million. We emphasize that this award began to be produced in 1942, when Leningrad was surrounded by a blockade ring, most of the specialists worked at the Krasnokamsk Mint in evacuation, the Moscow Mint had just opened. It was in such difficult conditions that this first order of the Great Patriotic War was made. In June 1943, the method of fastening changed - from suspended it became screw.

In the history of awards, there are cases when entire military units, formations, military schools, defense enterprises and even cities received the award. In addition, there are quite a lot of foreigners among the awardees. These are mainly soldiers and officers of the Polish and Czechoslovak corps, French pilots of the Normandy-Niemen air regiment, and British sailors. Among the recipients there is also one American - Averell Harriman, who was the US Ambassador to the USSR from 1943 to 1946.

In 1947, the awards were officially discontinued. But there were cases when the order was periodically revived. This happened in the sixties, when foreign citizens who provided assistance to Soviet prisoners of war, and many former Soviet prisoners of war, partisans and underground fighters were awarded. In 1985, the Order of the Patriotic War was revived as a memorial award for war veterans on the occasion of the fortieth anniversary of the Victory over Nazi Germany. The design of the 1985 orders differed significantly from the “military” one, and gold was replaced by gilding.

In total, by 1991 the following were awarded: 1 Art. Patriotic War - 2,398,322, 2 tbsp. Patriotic War - 6,688,497.

Order of the Patriotic War, 1st class, first type. "Suspension". 1942 - 1943

Made of gold and silver using red and white enamel. The size between the opposite ends of the red enamel star, like the length of the images of the rifle and saber, is 45 mm. Weight without pad: 32.34 ± 1.65 g.

Consists of four parts that are riveted or soldered together. The main part is a red and white enamel star made of 925° silver. The second part is a five-pointed star made of 583° gold in the form of diverging rays with images of a rifle and a checker. In the center of which there is a hole with a diameter of 16.5 mm. The third part is a hammer and sickle, made of 583° gold and attached to the main part with two rivets. The fourth part is a flat silver needle soldered to the reverse.

The serial number of the award is cut out with a graver. Most parts of the block are made of gold-plated or silver-plated brass. MThe minimum known number is 10, the maximum is 23916.

Order of the Patriotic War 1st class. Second type. "Screw". 1943 - 1991

In June 1943, the design of the order was changed. The block and eye on the upper beam disappeared, and a screw began to be soldered in the center of the reverse.

The radiant star, sickle and hammer are made of 583° gold. The hole in the center became larger and crossbars appeared, converging in the center of the reverse. Where the crossbars meet there is a small hole through which a screw passes. The gold star is attached to the silver one with a small nut. The "MINT" stamp is stamped into the upper part of the reverse. The serial number is cut out with a graver. The fastening nut has a diameter of 33 mm. MThe minimum known number is 23972, the maximum is 327080.

Order of the Patriotic War 1st class. Third type. "Anniversary Issue". 1985

Made of 925° silver with a large area of gold plating. It is entirely stamped. The reverse is flat matte. A screw is soldered in the center of the reverse. The "MINT" mark, made in raised letters, is located in the upper part of the reverse. The serial number is engraved with a drill and is located below the screw on the reverse.

Order of the Patriotic War, 2nd class, first type. "Suspension". 1942 - 1943

Made of silver and gold, using red and white enamel, gilding and oxidation. The size between the opposite ends of the red enamel star, like the length of the images of the rifle and saber, is 45 mm. Consists of four parts that are riveted or soldered together. Weight without block: 28.05 ± 1.5 g. The main part is a red and white enamelled star made of 925° silver. The second piece is a five-pointed star made of 925° silver in the form of diverging rays with images of a rifle and a checker. In the center of the radiant star there is a hole with a diameter of 16.5 mm. The third part is a hammer and sickle, made of 583° gold and attached to the main part with two rivets. The fourth detail is a flat silver needle soldered to the reverse of the order. MThe minimum known number is 1, the maximum is 61414.

Order of the Patriotic War 2nd class. Second type. "Screw". 1943 - 1991

Made of silver and gold using red and white enamel. Consists of three parts. The base is solidly stamped, made of 925° silver. There is a silver screw soldered into the center of the reverse. The sickle and hammer, made of 583° gold, are attached with two rivets. The third piece is a silver screw soldered into the center of the reverse. The third type has many options, differing from each other, mainly in reverse. The ranges of serial numbers of most variants and varieties of the third type overlap. Total number of awards for all variants of the third type: about 1 million. MThe minimum known number is 32703, the maximum is 985633.

Order of the Patriotic War, second degree. Third type. "Anniversary Issue". 1985

Made from 925° silver. Fully stamped. A screw is soldered in the center of the reverse. The MINT stamp, stamped in raised letters, is located at the top of the reverse. The edging of the rays, letters, sickle and hammer on the obverse of the order are gilded. The reverse is flat, matte. The serial number is engraved with a drill and is located below the screw on the reverse of the order. In total there were about 5,400,000 awards.

Order of the Patriotic War - lists of those awarded in the period 1941 - 1945.

The lists of those awarded the Order of the Patriotic War for the period 1941 - 1945 include hundreds of thousands of people. Alphabetical, surname lists are unlikely to ever be compiled, but it is possible to view almost all wartime orders, in which, along with other recipients, there are also holders of the Order of the Patriotic War. It is also possible, knowing the last name and first name of a participant in the Great Patriotic War, to check what military awards and for what specific distinctions he was awarded during the war. How to get this information watch

Order of the Patriotic War, price

The cost of orders of the Patriotic War is given according to the book “Overse No. 6” - Catalog and identification of Soviet orders and medals, published in Moscow several years ago. The acquisition and sale of USSR awards on the territory of the Russian Federation is prohibited (see the corresponding article in the Civil Code), so this information is more theoretical, well, maybe only for purchase by foreigners and at foreign collection auctions. So, the rarest and most expensive Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, with the highest price, on an early rectangular block and with a flat fastening needle, its cost can exceed 3 - 4 thousand USD. especially if the original enamel on the upper ray is preserved. The price of later, screw orders depends mainly on the cost of gold at a particular moment, plus 20 percent.

The cost of the Order of the Patriotic War, 2nd degree, on a block and with a needle, is more than 1000 USD. The price of numerous varieties of screw orders is very different, but does not fall below 20 USD. with the exception of “anniversary edema”, which can be sold abroad at a price of 5 USD.

The award is a sign of courage and courage, recognition of a person’s merits and his activities before the Fatherland. Awards given out in Russia are expressive, special monuments of our history that remind us of the fight against enemies, great works for the good of the country and transformations.

The history of the awards is unique. Wars and upheavals have led to the emergence of a great variety of them. But with particular pride, people wore orders and medals received for exploits in wartime.

The Order of the Great Patriotic War was founded during the war years and was called

"Patriotic War". A.I. Kuznetsov, who were famous artists of that time, also began work on it. In April 1942, the sketches were already in front of I.V. Stalin, and on May 20 the Decree “On the Establishment of the Order of the Patriotic War” was announced.

This award looks like a five-pointed convex star of ruby red color. It is framed by golden rays. In the middle there is an image of a hammer and sickle, and in a circle there is a belt with the corresponding inscription. A saber and a rifle are drawn against the background of star rays.

The Order of the Great Patriotic War, 1st degree, was made of silver, gold and weighed 33 grams. 2nd degree award - made of silver, weight - 29 grams. Attached to them was a silk and moire ribbon with a red stripe.

The Order of the Great Patriotic War had a chance to be received by representatives of both officers and enlisted personnel of the Army, NKVD troops, Navy, and partisan detachments who showed steadfastness, bravery, and courage in battle. It could also be received by military personnel, thanks to whom the success of military operations was achieved. To receive the first class order, it was also necessary to destroy 3 light tank vehicles or 2 heavy/medium tanks.

First Order of the Great Patriotic War, 1st class, June 1942

Received I.I. Kriklia, commander of the guards division. In May of that year, many fascist tanks moved to the place where he was with his detachment. However, these artillerymen were not afraid, and in two days they destroyed 32 tanks. The commander himself was wounded and died in this battle. A total of 344 such awards were issued.

The Order of the Patriotic War, 2nd degree, was received by those who independently destroyed 2 light tank vehicles or 1 heavy/medium tank, or in the ranks of the gun crew 3 light tank vehicles or 2 heavy/medium tanks.

Forty years later, in honor of the anniversary of the Victory, in 1985, he restored this award. The Order of the Great Patriotic War, 2nd degree, was awarded to those WWII veterans who, for various reasons, were unable to receive the first degree during hostilities. Thanks to this, almost all veterans who survived until then received awards. During the period of hostilities, 1,028 thousand people deservedly received it.

In order for the people to unite, to raise morale, other awards were established, which were named after Russian legendary commanders, for example, Alexander Nevsky. They were intended for commanders of the Soviet Army for their services in leading combat operations.

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of May 20, 1942. Subsequently, some changes were made to the description of the order by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of June 19, 1943, and to the statute of the order by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of December 16, 1947.

STATUTE OF THE ORDER

The Order of the Patriotic War is awarded to privates and commanding officers of the Red Army, Navy, NKVD troops and partisan detachments who showed courage, fortitude and courage in the battles for the Soviet Motherland, as well as military personnel who, through their actions, contributed to the success of the military operations of our troops.
The Order of the Patriotic War is awarded by Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. The Order of the Patriotic War consists of two degrees: I and II degrees. The highest degree of the order is I degree. The degree of the order to which the recipient is awarded is determined by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

who accurately hit and destroyed a particularly important object behind enemy lines;
who courageously performed their duties as an aircraft crew during a combat mission, for which the navigator or pilot was awarded the Order of Lenin;
heavy bomber aircraft - 4 aircraft;
long-range bomber aviation - 5 aircraft;
short-range bomber aviation - 7 aircraft;
attack aircraft - 3 aircraft;
fighter aviation - 3 aircraft.
heavy bomber aviation - 20th successful combat mission;
long-range bomber aviation - 25th successful combat mission;
short-range bomber aviation - 30th successful combat mission;
attack aviation - 25th successful combat mission;
fighter aviation - 60th successful combat mission;
long-range reconnaissance aviation - 25th successful combat mission;
short-range reconnaissance aviation - 30th successful combat mission;
spotter aviation - 15th successful combat mission;
communications aviation - the 60th successful combat sortie with a landing on its territory and the 30th successful combat sortie with a landing in the area where friendly troops are located in territory occupied by the enemy;
transport aviation - the 60th successful combat sortie with a landing on its territory and the 15th successful combat sortie with a landing in the area where friendly troops are located in territory occupied by the enemy.
who organized clear and continuous management of aviation units;
who organized the clear and systematic work of the headquarters;
who managed to restore the damaged aircraft that made an emergency landing on enemy territory and release it into the air;
who managed to recover at least 10 aircraft at a forward airfield under enemy fire;
who, under enemy fire, managed to remove all supplies from the airfield and, having mined it, did not allow the enemy to land planes there;
who personally destroyed 2 heavy or medium, or 3 light tanks (armored vehicles) of the enemy, or as part of a gun crew - 3 heavy or medium, or 5 light tanks (armored vehicles) of the enemy;
who suppressed at least 5 enemy batteries with artillery fire;
who destroyed at least 3 enemy aircraft with artillery fire;
who, being a member of a tank crew, successfully completed 3 combat missions to destroy enemy firepower and manpower or destroyed at least 4 enemy tanks or 4 guns in battles;
who, under enemy fire, evacuated from the battlefield at least 3 tanks knocked out by the enemy;
who, despising danger, was the first to break into the enemy bunker (trench, trench or dugout), decisively destroyed his garrison and gave our troops the opportunity to quickly capture this line;
who, under enemy fire, built a bridge, repaired a crossing destroyed by the enemy; who, under enemy fire, on instructions from the command, personally blew up a bridge or crossing in order to delay the enemy’s movement;
who, under enemy fire, established a technical or personal connection, corrected technical means of communication destroyed by the enemy, and thereby ensured the continuity of control of the combat operations of our troops;
who, during a battle, personally threw a gun (battery) into an open position and shot the advancing enemy and his equipment at point-blank range;
who, commanding a unit or unit, destroyed an enemy of superior strength;
who, participating in a cavalry raid, cut into an enemy group and destroyed it;
who captured an enemy artillery battery in battle;
who, as a result of personal reconnaissance, identified the weak points of the enemy’s defenses and led our troops behind enemy lines;
who, as part of the crew of a ship, aircraft or combat crew of a coastal battery, sank a warship or two enemy transports;
who organized and successfully landed an amphibious assault on enemy territory;
who, under enemy fire, withdrew his damaged ship from the battle;
who captured and brought an enemy warship to his base;
who successfully laid a minefield on the approaches to enemy bases;
who successfully ensured the combat activity of the fleet by repeated trawling;
who, by successfully eliminating damage in battle, ensured the restoration of the ship’s combat capability or the return of the damaged ship to base;
who perfectly organized the logistical support for the operation of our troops, which contributed to the defeat of the enemy.

Order of the Patriotic War, II degree are awarded:

who courageously performed his duties as an aircraft crew during a combat mission, for which the navigator or pilot was awarded the Order of the Red Banner;
who shot down in an air battle while being part of the crew:
heavy bomber aircraft - 3 aircraft;
long-range bomber aviation - 4 aircraft;
short-range bomber aviation - 6 aircraft;
attack aircraft - 2 aircraft;
fighter aviation - 2 aircraft.
who committed, while being a member of the crew:
heavy bomber aviation - 15th successful combat mission;
long-range bomber aviation - 20th successful combat mission;
short-range bomber aviation - 25th successful combat mission;
attack aviation - 20th successful combat mission;
fighter aviation - 50th successful combat mission;
long-range reconnaissance aviation - 20th successful combat mission;
short-range reconnaissance aviation - 25th successful combat mission;
spotter aviation - 10th successful combat mission;
communications aviation - the 50th successful combat sortie with a landing on its territory and the 20th successful combat sortie with a landing in the area where friendly troops are located in territory occupied by the enemy;
transport aviation - the 50th successful combat sortie with a landing on its territory and the 10th successful combat sortie with a landing in the area where friendly troops are located in territory occupied by the enemy.
who managed to restore, master and use a captured captured aircraft in combat conditions;
who managed to restore at least 5 aircraft at a forward airfield under enemy fire;
who personally destroyed 1 heavy or medium, or 2 light tanks (armored vehicles) of the enemy with artillery fire, or as part of a gun crew - 2 heavy or medium, or 3 light tanks (armored vehicles) of the enemy;
who destroyed enemy fire weapons with artillery or mortar fire, ensuring the successful actions of our troops;
who suppressed at least 3 enemy batteries with artillery or mortar fire;
who destroyed at least 2 enemy aircraft with artillery fire;
who destroyed at least 3 enemy firing points with his tank and thereby contributed to the advancement of our advancing infantry;
who, being a member of the crew of a tank, successfully completed 3 combat missions to destroy enemy fire weapons and manpower or destroyed at least 3 enemy tanks or 3 guns in battles;
who, under enemy fire, evacuated 2 tanks that had been knocked out by the enemy from the battlefield;
who destroyed an enemy tank on the battlefield or behind enemy lines with grenades, combustible bottles or explosive packages;
who, while leading a unit or unit surrounded by the enemy, defeated the enemy, withdrew his unit (unit) from the encirclement without losing weapons and military equipment;
who made his way to enemy firing positions and destroyed at least one enemy gun, three mortars or three machine guns;
who at night removed the enemy's guard post (watch, secret) or captured it;
who shot down one enemy plane with personal weapons;
who, fighting against superior enemy forces, did not give up an inch of his positions and caused great damage to the enemy;
who organized and maintained, in difficult combat conditions, continuous communication between the command and the troops leading the battle, and thereby contributed to the success of the operation of our troops;
who, being part of the crew of a ship, aircraft or combat crew of a coastal battery, disabled or damaged a warship or one enemy transport;
who captured and brought enemy transport to their base;
who, by timely detection of the enemy, prevented an attack on a ship or base;
who ensured the successful maneuvering of the ship, as a result of which the enemy ship was sunk or damaged;
who, with skillful and precise work, ensured the successful combat operation of the ship (combat unit);
who organized uninterrupted logistics support for the unit, formation, army and thereby contributed to the success of the unit, formation.

The award of the Order of the Patriotic War can be repeated for new feats and distinctions.
The Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, is worn by the recipient on the right side of the chest and is located after the Order of Alexander Nevsky.
The Order of the Patriotic War, II degree, is worn on the right side of the chest and is located after the Order of the Patriotic War, I degree.

The badge of the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, is an image of a convex five-pointed star, covered with ruby-red enamel against a background of gold rays, diverging in the form of a five-pointed polished star, the ends of which are placed between the ends of the red star. In the middle of the red star is a gold image of a hammer and sickle on a ruby-red round plate, bordered by a white enamel belt, with the inscription “PATRIOTIC WAR” and with a gold star at the bottom of the belt. The red star and white belt have gold rims. Against the background of the rays of a golden star, the ends of a rifle and a checker are depicted, crossed behind a red star. The butt of the rifle is facing down to the right, the hilt of the checker is facing down to the left. Images of the rifle and checkers are oxidized.
The badge of the Order of the Patriotic War, II degree, in contrast to the Order of the I degree, is made of silver. The lower radiant star is polished. The image of the rifle and saber is oxidized. The remaining parts of the order that are not covered with enamel are gilded.
The badge of the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, is made of gold (583) and silver. The gold content in the first degree order is 8.329±0.379 g, the silver content is 16.754±0.977 g. The total weight of the first degree order is 32.34±1.65 g.
The badge of the Order of the 2nd degree is made of silver. The gold content in the second degree order is 0.325 g, the silver content is 24.85 ± 1.352 g. The total weight of the second degree order is 28.05 ± 1.50 g.
The applied hammer and sickle in the center of the order are made of gold on both degrees of the order.
The diameter of the circumscribed circle (the size of the order between the opposite ends of the red and gold or silver stars) is 45 mm. The length of the rifle and checker images is also 45 mm. The diameter of the central circle with the inscription is 22 mm.
On the reverse side, the badge has a threaded pin with a nut for attaching the order to clothing.
The ribbon for the order is silk, moiré, burgundy color with longitudinal red stripes:

for grade I - with one strip in the middle of the tape, 5 mm wide;
for degree II - with two stripes along the edges, each 3 mm wide.

Tape width - 24 mm.

The Order of the Patriotic War is the first award that appeared during the Great Patriotic War. This is also the first Soviet order that had a division into degrees. For 35 years, the Order of the Patriotic War remained the only Soviet order passed on to the family as a memory after the death of the recipient (the remaining orders had to be returned to the state). Only in 1977 the order of leaving in the family was extended to other orders and medals.
On April 10, 1942, Stalin instructed the head of the rear of the Red Army, General Khrulev, to develop and present a draft order for awarding military personnel who distinguished themselves in battles with the Nazis. Initially, the order was planned to be called “For Military Valor.” The artists Sergei Ivanovich Dmitriev (author of the drawings of the medals “For Courage”, “For Military Merit” and the 20th Anniversary of the Red Army) and Alexander Ivanovich Kuznetsov were involved in the work on the project of the order. Within two days, the first sketches appeared, from which several works were selected for the production of test copies in metal. On April 18, 1942, samples were submitted for approval. It was decided to take the project of A. I. Kuznetsov as the basis for the future award, and the idea of the inscription “Patriotic War” on the sign was taken from the project of S. I. Dmitriev.
For the first time in the history of the Soviet award system, the statute of the order listed specific feats for which a distinguished person could be nominated for an award.

The feat of pilot Gastello, who directed a downed plane into a concentration of enemy armored vehicles, is well known. The commander of the bomber crew of the 207th Air Regiment of the 42nd Bomber Air Division, Captain Gastello N.F., was posthumously awarded the title of GSS for this feat. The Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, was posthumously awarded to the crew members who, together with their commander, committed the famous fiery ram: lieutenants A. A. Burdenyuk, G. N. Skorobogaty and senior sergeant A. A. Kalinin.
The Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, was awarded to 7 military units and 79 enterprises and institutions, including 3 newspapers: “Komsomolskaya Pravda” (1945), “Youth of Ukraine” and the Belarusian “Zvyazda” (1945). In 1945, the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, was awarded to industrial enterprises that made a significant contribution to the defeat of the enemy. The Ural Heavy Engineering Plant named after. S. Ordzhonikidze, Gorky Automobile Plant, Gorky Shipbuilding Plant "Krasnoe Sormovo" named after. Zhdanova,
In total, until 1985, more than 344 thousand awards were made with the Order of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree (of which 324,903 awards were made during the war years), with the Order of the Patriotic War of the 2nd degree - about 1 million 28 thousand awards (of which during the war years - 951,652 awards) .
The anniversary version of the Order of the 1st degree was awarded to about 2 million 54 thousand, the 2nd degree - about 5 million 408 thousand awards.
The total number of awards with the Order of the Patriotic War (both combat and anniversary versions) as of January 1, 1992 was 2,487,098 for the 1st degree and 6,688,497 for the 2nd degree.

Three main types of the Order of the Patriotic War can be distinguished.

Type 1.

From the moment of its establishment on May 20, 1942 until the appearance of the Decree of June 19, 1943 “On approval of samples and descriptions of ribbons for orders and medals of the USSR and rules for wearing orders, medals, ribbons and insignia,” the first type of the Order of the Patriotic War was produced.
The actual badge of the order had an eyelet in the upper ray of the star into which a connecting ring was threaded. This ring, in turn, was attached to a rectangular block covered with red fabric. The block had slot-like frames in the upper and lower parts. On the reverse side of the block there was a threaded pin and a round nut for attaching the order to clothing.

Type 2.

The decree of June 19, 1943 established the procedure for wearing star-shaped orders, not on a block, but on pins on the right side of the chest. At the same time, due to the sharp increase in the number of orders of the USSR and the number of awards, the wearing of stripes with ribbons was introduced instead of orders on everyday and field uniforms.
The second type of the Order of the Patriotic War did not have a hanging block. On the reverse side of the order's badge there was a soldered threaded pin and a rounded screw-on nut for attaching the order to clothing.

Order 1st class

The actual badge of the order consists of three parts. The first, main part is a five-pointed enamel star with a round platform in the middle and the inscription “Patriotic War”. The first part is made of silver. The second part is the underlying five-pointed radiant (shtralovaya) gold star with a crossed saber and rifle on it. The fineness of the gold star is 583. The third part is a gold sickle and hammer superimposed on the central round platform of the enamel star. The fourth part can be considered a hanging block with a silver threaded pin and a nut for fastening.
On the reverse, the gold star has a round hole with a diameter of 16.5 mm. The outer silver part of the order is visible through the hole. It is in this hole, on the silver star, that two rivets are located (holding the hammer and sickle). There is no mintmark on the reverse of the sign. The order number is located on the reverse of the gold star (at 7 o'clock on the dial). The number is made by hand and is located diagonally from top to bottom. The block has a round clamping nut with a diameter of 25 mm. The nut has the “MINT” mark, made in raised letters in two lines.
All Orders of the Patriotic War, 1st class, Type 1, were produced at the Krasnokamsk Mint (KMD).
The eyelet in the upper ray of the star was part of the order and was never attached by soldering. All signs with soldered ears are fakes.

Option 1: The hanging block is approximately 32mm wide and approximately 18mm high. There is no connecting link between the order and the block. A wire is soldered to the hanging block, which passes through the eye of the sign and then bends towards the reverse. On the reverse, a pin is vertically soldered to the star for additional fastening of the order to clothing (soldered at the 12 o'clock position on the dial). The minimum known order number is 10, the maximum is 617.

Order of the Patriotic War, 1st class, Type 1, Option 1 (enamel on the upper ray restored)

Option 2. The hanging block has a length of 32 mm and a height of 21.5 mm. The block is attached to the sign using a connecting link. The pin for additional fastening is placed similarly to the previous version. The minimum known number is 1945, the maximum is 7369.

Order of the Patriotic War, 1st class, Type 1, Option 2

Option 3. There is no pin for additional fastening. With the exception of the absence of a pin, this option is similar to the previous one. The minimum known number is 5421, the maximum is 23901.

Order of the Patriotic War, 1st class, Type 1, Option 3

Type 2. Pin fastening.
The actual badge of the order consists of three parts (similar to the first type). The fourth part can be considered a round clamping nut with a diameter of 33 mm. There are no inscriptions on the nut. The hole in the golden star has a larger diameter compared to the first type and is not continuous. The hole is divided into equal segments by three gold bridges that connect in the center of the hole, around a threaded pin. The gold and silver stars are secured together using a small hex nut located at the base of the pin. Two small rivets on the reverse of the silver star hold the hammer and sickle in place. The MINT mark is located on the gold star, above the threaded pin (at 12 o'clock on the dial). The stamp is made in horizontal stamped letters. The order number is printed on a gold star, below the threaded pin (at 6 o'clock). The number is made manually with a graver and is located horizontally.

Option 1. The “MINT” stamp is located on one line. Gold bars in the central hole of the reverse are located at 2, 6 and 10 o'clock on the dial. The minimum known number is 23972, the maximum is 242059.

Weight of the order 96311 assembled - 32.2 g. Weight of the gold plate - 14.8 g. Weight of the enamel star - 16.8 g. Weight of the hexagonal nut - 0.5 g.
The width of the order is 50.4 mm. The height of the order is 51.5 mm.

Order of the Patriotic War, 1st class. Type 2, Option 1

Option 2. The “MINT” stamp is located on one line. Gold bars in the central hole of the reverse are located at 12, 4 and 8 o'clock on the dial. The minimum known number is 137431, the maximum is 238805. Also noted are numbers 276471 and 276715, which are noticeably out of the general number range and are probably exceptions.

Order of the Patriotic War, 1st class. Type 2, Option 2

Option 3. The “MINT” stamp is located in two lines. Gold bars in the central hole of the reverse are located at 2, 6 and 10 o'clock. The minimum known number is 242898, the maximum is 327053.

Order of the Patriotic War, 1st class. Type 2, Option 3

Option 4. The “MINT” stamp is located in two lines. Gold bars in the central hole of the reverse are located at 12, 4 and 8 o'clock. The minimum known order number is 242997, the maximum is 276258.

Order of the Patriotic War, 1st class. Type 2, Option 4

DUPLICATES AND RE-ISSUES.

If a recipient loses his order (medal), it is, as a rule, not replaced. In place of a lost award, a Duplicate can be issued only as an exception - if it is lost in a combat situation, lost as a result of a natural disaster, or under other circumstances when the recipient could not prevent this loss. On the reverse side of the duplicate order (medal) the number of the lost award is reproduced with the addition of the letter “D”. This letter can be applied either by stamping or using a stamping pen. On some duplicates, the letter “D” may be missing. The digits of the duplicate number are usually small in size and stamped. However, on some early duplicates, the numbers were applied using a pen. To make some duplicates, already numbered but not awarded orders were used, with the number removed and the number of the lost award applied. In other cases, they used blanks of orders or medals that had not yet received a serial number. The dependence of various marking methods on the year the duplicate was issued is currently not fully clarified. It is likely that the letter “D” may have been missing on early duplicates.

Over time, Soviet orders and medals significantly changed their appearance. Thus, the first type of Order of Lenin, the Red Banner of Labor, and the Badge of Honor differs significantly from subsequent types of these awards. A number of pin orders in the process of their evolution acquired a pendant block (Order of Lenin, Red Banner, Red Banner of Labor, Badge of Honor). Other orders, on the contrary, lost the hanging block and began to be attached with a screw (Order of the Patriotic War, land military orders). Thus, at a certain point in time, a previously issued order may not correspond to the current description and order of wearing. First of all, this concerned career military personnel. For them, the rules for wearing military uniforms and awards were very strictly regulated by the relevant governing documents. Instead of the earlier type of order, a new award was issued that corresponded to the current description. This award is called Reissue. Replacement, as a rule, is made while maintaining the serial number indicated in the order book. Two major stages of reissues can be distinguished. The first occurred in the second half of the 30s and affected the Order of Lenin “Tractor”, the Labor Banner “Triangle” and a small version of the Badge of Honor. The second, larger wave of reissues took place after the Great Patriotic War. Then the orders were replaced in accordance with the June 1943 decree. For example, all participants in the Victory Parade were required to receive new awards.

Reissue of the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree

Duplicate Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, letter D missing

Duplicate of the Order of the 1st degree, the letter D is present

Order of the 2nd class

Type 1. Badge of the order on the block.

The actual badge of the order consists of three parts. The first, main part is a five-pointed enamel star with a round platform in the middle and the inscription “Patriotic War”. The first part is made of silver. The second part is the underlying five-pointed star with a crossed sword and rifle on it (unlike the first degree order, this part is also made of silver). The third part is a gold sickle and hammer superimposed on the central round platform of an enamel star. The fourth part can be considered a hanging block with a pin and nut for fastening.
On the reverse, the silver star has a round hole with a diameter of 16.5 mm. The inside of the enamel star is visible through the hole. It is in this hole, on the silver enamel star, that two rivets are located (holding the hammer and sickle). There is no mintmark on the reverse of the sign. The number of the order is located on the reverse of the star and is made by hand with a graver. The block has a round clamping nut with a diameter of 25 mm. The nut has the “MINT” mark, made in raised letters in two lines.
Orders of the Patriotic War, II degree, were produced by the Krasnokamsk Mint (KMD) and the Moscow Mint (MMD).

KMD, Option 1. Orders of this version were produced at the Krasnokamsk Mint (KMD) for a short time. The pendant block is approximately 32mm wide and approximately 18mm high and the threaded pin is made of silver. There is no connecting link between the order and the block. A wire is soldered to the hanging block, which passes through the eye of the sign and then bends towards the reverse. On the reverse, a pin is vertically soldered to the star for additional fastening of the order to clothing (soldered at the 12 o'clock position on the dial). The order number is located at 7 o'clock on the dial diagonally from top to bottom. The minimum known order number is 1, the maximum is 2350.

Order of the Patriotic War, II degree, Type 1, KMD, Option 1

KMD, Option 2. Orders of this variant were produced at KMD. The pendant block has a length of 32 mm and a height of 21.5 mm, the threaded pin is made of silver. The block is attached to the sign using a connecting link. The pin for additional fastening is placed similarly to the previous version. The order number is located at 7 o'clock on the dial diagonally from top to bottom. The minimum known order number is 2816, the maximum is 13979.

Order of the Patriotic War, II degree, Type 1, KMD, Option 2

KMD, Option 3. Orders of this variant were produced at KMD. There is no pin for additional fastening. With the exception of the absence of a pin, this option is similar to the previous one. The minimum known order number is 13268, the maximum is 32653.

Order of the Patriotic War, II degree, Type 1, KMD, Option 3

MMD, Option 1. Orders of the Patriotic War, II degree, Type 1, have been issued by the Moscow Mint (MMD) in batches since February 1943. According to V. A. Durov, the first batch of Orders of the Patriotic War of the 2nd degree, produced at MMD, began with number 3701. The first option is characterized by fastening the strala star to the enamel star by means of three rivets located at 12, 5 and 7 o'clock on the dial. Orders issued at the MMD are characterized by a right-sided location of the serial number (at 3 o'clock on the dial). The minimum known number is 3702, the maximum is 3968.

Order of the Patriotic War, II degree, Type 1, MMD, Option 1

MMD, Option 2. It differs from the previous version in the absence of rivets on the reverse of the star star. In the MMD orders of the second version, the shral star was attached to the enamel star by soldering. The serial number is stamped on the right side of the star (instances with the number positioned at 3 o'clock on the dial or at 5 o'clock on the dial are marked). The minimum known number is 3782, the maximum is 7073.

Order of the Patriotic War, II degree, Type 1, MMD, Option 2

MMD, Option 3. According to V. A. Durov, the third version of the Second World War, Type 1, produced on the MMD, was in the number range 35001-35712. We know of the orders with the numbers 35498, 35500, 35521, 35537, 35539, 35555, 35591, 35606, 35627, 35662 and 35698. The numbers on these orders were applied on the reverse of the cross star horizontally at 6 o'clock on the dial. Among the marked numbers there are both signs with a pin fastening of the star star, and with fastening by soldering. On a number of signs fastened by soldering, markings for rivets are visible, which on some of them was removed by stripping the metal.

Order of the Patriotic War, II degree, Type 1, MMD, Option 3

MMD, Option 4. The fourth version of the hanging orders of the Patriotic War, II degree, produced at MMD, had serial numbers in the region of 60 thousand. The minimum known number of the order is 60002, the maximum is 61401. The serial number on all of these signs is printed diagonally from bottom to top at 5 o'clock on the dial. The threaded pin on the suspension block is made of bronze.

Order of the Patriotic War, II degree, Type 1, MMD, Option 4

Statute of the order.

Order of the Patriotic War awarded to private and commanding personnel of the Red Army, Navy, NKVD troops and partisan detachments who showed courage, fortitude and courage in the battles for the Soviet Motherland, as well as military personnel who, through their actions, contributed to the success of the military operations of our troops.

The Order of the Patriotic War is awarded by Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. The Order of the Patriotic War consists of two degrees: I and II degrees. The highest degree of the order is I degree. The degree of the order to which the recipient is awarded is determined by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

The Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, is awarded to:

Who accurately hit and destroyed a particularly important object behind enemy lines;
Who courageously performed their duties as an aircraft crew during a combat mission, for which the navigator or pilot was awarded the Order of Lenin;

heavy bomber aviation - 4 aircraft;
long-range bomber aviation - 5 aircraft;
short-range bomber aviation - 7 aircraft;
attack aircraft - 3 aircraft;
fighter aviation - 3 aircraft.

heavy bomber aviation - 20th successful combat mission;
long-range bomber aviation - 25th successful combat mission;
short-range bomber aviation - 30th successful combat mission;
attack aviation - 25th successful combat mission;
fighter aviation - 60th successful combat mission;
long-range reconnaissance aviation - 25th successful combat mission;
short-range reconnaissance aviation - 30th successful combat mission;
spotter aviation - 15th successful combat mission;
communications aviation - the 60th successful combat sortie with a landing on its territory and the 30th successful combat sortie with a landing in the area where friendly troops are located in territory occupied by the enemy;
transport aviation - the 60th successful combat sortie with a landing on its territory and the 15th successful combat sortie with a landing in the area where friendly troops are located in territory occupied by the enemy.

Who organized clear and continuous management of aviation units;
Who organized the clear and systematic work of the headquarters;
Who managed to restore a damaged plane that made an emergency landing on enemy territory and release it into the air;
Who managed to restore at least 10 aircraft at a forward airfield under enemy fire;
Who, under enemy fire, managed to remove all supplies from the airfield and, having mined it, did not allow the enemy to land planes on it;
Who personally destroyed 2 heavy or medium, or 3 light tanks (armored vehicles) of the enemy, or as part of a gun crew - 3 heavy or medium, or 5 light tanks (armored vehicles) of the enemy;
Who suppressed at least 5 enemy batteries with artillery fire;
Who destroyed at least 3 enemy aircraft with artillery fire;
Who, being a member of a tank crew, successfully completed 3 combat missions to destroy enemy fire weapons and manpower or destroyed at least 4 enemy tanks or 4 guns in battles;
Who, under enemy fire, evacuated from the battlefield at least 3 tanks knocked out by the enemy;
Who, despising danger, was the first to break into the enemy bunker (trench, trench or dugout), destroyed his garrison with decisive actions and gave our troops the opportunity to quickly capture this line;
Who built a bridge under enemy fire, repaired crossings destroyed by the enemy; who, under enemy fire, on instructions from the command, personally blew up a bridge or crossing in order to delay the enemy’s movement;
Who, under enemy fire, established a technical or personal connection, corrected technical means of communication destroyed by the enemy, and thereby ensured the continuity of control of the combat operations of our troops;
Who, during a battle, personally threw a gun (battery) into an open position and shot the advancing enemy and his equipment at point-blank range;
Who, commanding a unit or unit, destroyed an enemy of superior strength;
Who, participating in a cavalry raid, cut into an enemy group and destroyed it;
Who captured an enemy artillery battery in battle;
Who, as a result of personal reconnaissance, identified the weak points of the enemy’s defenses and led our troops behind enemy lines;
Who, as part of the crew of a ship, aircraft or combat crew of a coastal battery, sank a warship or two enemy transports;
Who organized and successfully landed an amphibious assault on enemy territory;
Who, under enemy fire, withdrew his damaged ship from the battle;
Who captured and brought an enemy warship to his base;
Who successfully laid a minefield on the approaches to enemy bases;
Who successfully ensured the combat activity of the fleet by repeated trawling;
Who, by successfully eliminating damage in battle, ensured the restoration of the ship’s combat capability or the return of the damaged ship to base;
Who perfectly organized the logistical support for the operation of our troops, which contributed to the defeat of the enemy.

The Order of the Patriotic War, II degree, is awarded to:

Who courageously performed their duties as an aircraft crew during a combat mission, for which the navigator or pilot was awarded the Order of the Red Banner;
Who shot down in air combat while being part of the crew:

heavy bomber aviation - 3 aircraft;
long-range bomber aviation - 4 aircraft;
short-range bomber aviation - 6 aircraft;
attack aircraft - 2 aircraft;
fighter aviation - 2 aircraft.

Who committed, while being a member of the crew:

heavy bomber aviation - 15th successful combat mission;
long-range bomber aviation - 20th successful combat mission;
short-range bomber aviation - 25th successful combat mission;
attack aviation - 20th successful combat mission;
fighter aviation - 50th successful combat mission;
long-range reconnaissance aviation - 20th successful combat mission;
short-range reconnaissance aviation - 25th successful combat mission;
spotter aviation - 10th successful combat mission;
communications aviation - the 50th successful combat sortie with a landing on its territory and the 20th successful combat sortie with a landing in the area where friendly troops are located on territory occupied by the enemy;
transport aviation - the 50th successful combat sortie with a landing on its territory and the 10th successful combat sortie with a landing in the area where friendly troops are located on territory occupied by the enemy.

Who managed to restore, master and use a captured captured aircraft in combat conditions;
Who managed to restore at least 5 aircraft at a forward airfield under enemy fire;
Who personally destroyed 1 heavy or medium, or 2 light tanks (armored vehicles) of the enemy with artillery fire, or as part of a gun crew - 2 heavy or medium, or 3 light tanks (armored vehicles) of the enemy;
Who destroyed enemy fire weapons with artillery or mortar fire, ensuring the successful actions of our troops;
Who suppressed at least 3 enemy batteries with artillery or mortar fire;
Who destroyed at least 2 enemy aircraft with artillery fire;
Who destroyed at least 3 enemy firing points with his tank and thereby contributed to the advancement of our advancing infantry;
Who, being a member of a tank crew, successfully completed 3 combat missions to destroy enemy fire weapons and manpower or destroyed at least 3 enemy tanks or 3 guns in battles;
Who, under enemy fire, evacuated 2 tanks that had been knocked out by the enemy from the battlefield;
Who destroyed an enemy tank on the battlefield or behind enemy lines with grenades, bottles with a flammable mixture or explosive packages;
Who, while leading a unit or unit surrounded by the enemy, defeated the enemy, led his unit (unit) out of the encirclement without losing weapons and military equipment;
Who made his way to enemy firing positions and destroyed at least one enemy gun, three mortars or three machine guns;
Who removed the enemy's guard post (watch, secret) at night or captured it;
Who shot down one enemy plane using personal weapons;
Who, fighting against superior enemy forces, did not give up an inch of his positions and caused great damage to the enemy;
Who organized and maintained, in difficult combat conditions, continuous communication between the command and the troops leading the battle, and thereby contributed to the success of the operation of our troops;
Who, as part of the crew of a ship, aircraft or combat crew of a coastal battery, disabled or damaged a warship or one enemy transport;
Who captured and brought enemy transport to their base;
Who, by timely detection of the enemy, prevented an attack on a ship or base;
Who ensured the successful maneuvering of the ship, as a result of which the enemy ship was sunk or damaged;
Who, with skillful and precise work, ensured the successful combat operation of the ship (combat unit);
Who organized uninterrupted logistics support for the unit, formation, army and thereby contributed to the success of the unit, formation.

The award of the Order of the Patriotic War can be repeated for new feats and distinctions.

The Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, is worn by the recipient on the right side of the chest and is located after the Order of Alexander Nevsky.

The Order of the Patriotic War, II degree, is worn on the right side of the chest and is located after the Order of the Patriotic War, I degree.

Description of the order.

The badge of the Order of the Patriotic War, II degree, in contrast to the Order of the I degree, is made of silver. The lower radiant star is polished. The image of the rifle and saber is oxidized. The remaining parts of the order that are not covered with enamel are gilded.

The badge of the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, is made of gold (583) and silver. The gold content in the first degree order is 8.329±0.379 g, the silver content is 16.754±0.977 g. The total weight of the first degree order is 32.34±1.65 g.

The badge of the Order of the 2nd degree is made of silver. The gold content in the second degree order is 0.325 g, the silver content is 24.85±1.352 g. The total weight of the second degree order is 28.05±1.50 g.

The applied hammer and sickle in the center of the order are made of gold on both degrees of the order.

The diameter of the circumscribed circle (the size of the order between the opposite ends of the red and gold or silver stars) is 45 mm. The length of the rifle and checker images is also 45 mm. The diameter of the central circle with the inscription is 22 mm.

On the reverse side, the badge has a threaded pin with a nut for attaching the order to clothing.

The ribbon for the order is silk, moiré, burgundy color with longitudinal red stripes:

for degree I - with one strip in the middle of the tape, 5 mm wide;
for degree II - with two stripes along the edges, each 3 mm wide.
Tape width - 24 mm.

History of the order.

On April 10, 1942, Stalin instructed the head of the rear of the Red Army, General Khrulev, to develop and present a draft order for awarding military personnel who distinguished themselves in battles with the Nazis. Initially, the order was planned to be called "For Military Valor". The artists Sergei Ivanovich Dmitriev (author of the drawings of the medals “For Courage”, “For Military Merit” and the 20th Anniversary of the Red Army) and Alexander Ivanovich Kuznetsov were involved in the work on the project of the order. Within two days, the first sketches appeared, from which several works were selected for the production of test copies in metal. On April 18, 1942, samples were submitted for approval. It was decided to take the project of A.I. as the basis for the future award. Kuznetsov, and the idea of the inscription “Patriotic War” on the sign was taken from the project of S.I. Dmitrieva.

For the first time in the history of the Soviet award system, the statute of the order listed specific feats for which a distinguished person could be nominated for an award.

The first holders of the order were Soviet artillerymen. By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of June 2, 1942, the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, was awarded to Captain I. I. Krikliy and Junior Political Instructor I. K. Statsenko. and senior sergeant Smirnov A.V. In May 1942, the division under the command of Captain Krikliy I.I. in two days of fighting, he destroyed 32 enemy tanks in the Kharkov area. When all the other crew numbers died, senior sergeant Smirnov A.V. continued to fire from the gun. Even after his hand was torn off by a shell fragment, Smirnov, overcoming the pain, continued to shoot at the enemy with one hand. In total, he destroyed 6 fascist tanks in battle. Division Commissioner, Junior Political Commissar Statsenko I.K. not only led his subordinates, but also, inspiring them by personal example, he himself destroyed several German armored vehicles. The unit commander, Captain Krikliy, knocked out 5 German tanks, but was wounded in battle and died in the hospital. The award came to the family of the first gentleman, Captain Krikliy, only in 1971. The Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, awarded to his widow Alexandra Fedorovna on June 12, 1971, bore the number 312368.

The Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree No. 1, was posthumously awarded to senior political instructor V.P. Konyukhov, who died on August 25, 1942 from a direct hit from an enemy shell. The order book and the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, No. 1, were handed over to the hero’s family.

The navigator of the squadron of the 1st Guards Long-Range Aviation Regiment, Miron Prokhorovich Klimov, was seriously wounded during an unequal air battle with German fighters and died in hospital from his wounds on June 13, 1942. The brave pilot was posthumously awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree. This award with number 10 was given to the hero's family.

The first to be awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, II degree (Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of June 2, 1942) were artillerymen from the I.I. Krikliya division, who also distinguished themselves in the Kharkov direction: Sergeants Zharko S.T., Nemfira M.G., Nesterenko P. .V., armor-piercing privates Grigoriev N.I., Kulinets A.I., Petrosh I.P.

The Order of the Patriotic War, II degree No. 1, was posthumously awarded to reconnaissance senior lieutenant P.A. Razhkin, who many times personally led operations and sometimes carried out reconnaissance in force on tanks. The award was given to the family.

The first civilian to receive the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, was the Chairman of the Sevastopol City Council, L.P. Efremov. He was awarded by Decree of the PVS of the USSR of July 24, 1942.

The feat of pilot Gastello, who directed a downed plane into a concentration of enemy armored vehicles, is well known. To the commander of the bomber crew of the 207th Air Regiment of the 42nd Bomber Air Division, Captain Gastello N.F. For this feat he was posthumously awarded the title of GSS. The Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, was posthumously awarded to the crew members who, together with their commander, committed the famous fiery ram: lieutenants A.A. Burdenyuk, G.N. Skorobogaty. and senior sergeant Kalinin A.A.

At the end of June 1941, during the battles for Rovno, the KV tank number 736 fell into the ring of enemies. The tankers managed to destroy a German self-propelled gun, several guns and trucks, and a large number of enemy personnel. After the Germans knocked out the tank and it stopped, the surviving tankers Golikov and Abramov continued to repel the Nazi attacks until the last shell. Gunner Golikov A.A. and Abramov P. were posthumously awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree.

Many Soviet soldiers and officers were awarded the Order of the Patriotic War twice. Some became holders of three or even four Orders of the Patriotic War. So, tank driver Sergeant Yanenko N.A. was awarded four orders (two orders of the 1st degree and two orders of the 2nd degree). Among the holders of three orders of the 1st degree - assistant to the commander of the Turkestan Military District, Major General of Tank Forces Zhilin A.N., Heroes of the Soviet Union, Colonel Goryachkin T.S. and Major Bespalov I.A.

The maximum number of awards known to us for one person with this honorary order for exploits during the war and post-war distinctions (taking into account both degrees) is five times. Ivan Evgrafovich Fedorov became a holder of four Orders of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, and one Order of the Patriotic War, 2nd degree. Hero of the Soviet Union Fedorov (GSS rank awarded in 1948) ended the war with the rank of colonel and as commander of the 273rd Gomel Fighter Aviation Division (Leningrad Front). After the war, he was a test pilot for the Lavochkin Design Bureau for some time. Fedorov received three Orders of the Patriotic War of the first degree and the Order of the Patriotic War of the second degree during the war and shortly after its end, and in 1985 Fedorov was awarded the fifth Order of the Patriotic War (anniversary version of the 1st degree). In addition to the Gold Star medal and five Orders of the Patriotic War, the Hero's chest was decorated with the Order of Lenin, four Orders of the Red Banner, the Order of Alexander Nevsky, the Order of the Red Star and many medals.

Among those awarded the Order of the Patriotic War are several hundred foreigners - soldiers of the Polish army, the Czechoslovak corps, the French Normandie-Niemen air regiment and other formations and units who fought shoulder to shoulder with the Red Army against the Nazis. For example, for outstanding military activity that contributed to the major success of the Anglo-American troops in North Africa and Italy, and for the courage and courage shown in this case, a group of US Army servicemen - Brigadier General Curtis I. Hamey, was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree. Colonel Armen Peterson and Sergeant John D. Coffee. By the same Decree, the Order of the Patriotic War, II degree, was awarded to Colonel Joseph J. Preston, Colonel Russell A. Wilson, First Lieutenant David M. Williams, Technical Sergeant Edward J. Learn, Corporal James D. Slayton and Private 1st Class Ramon G. Gutierrez.

Among British military personnel, the Order of the First Class was awarded to Royal Navy lieutenants John Patrick Donovan, Francis Henry Foster, Charles Arthur Langton and Sub-Lieutenant Charles Robin Arthur Sr. The second class was awarded to Lieutenant Earl William Brien, diesel fireman Clements Irwin, watch helmsman Sydney Arthur Carslake and chief signalman Stanley Edwin Archer.

An interesting award took place by the Decree of the USSR PVS of May 8, 1985. For his great personal contribution to the establishment and strengthening of Soviet-American cooperation during the Great Patriotic War and in connection with the 40th anniversary of the Victory, the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, was awarded to a prominent American political and public figure, former US Ambassador to the USSR (1943-46). ) W. Averell Harriman.

Set of the Czechoslovak anti-fascist patriot Stefan Fabry - holder of the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree.

The order was also awarded to home front workers. It was owned, for example, by the outstanding aircraft designer A.N. Tupolev, small arms designers F.V. Tokarev, A.I. Sudaev, S.G. Simonov, and the director of the artillery plant in Gorky A.F. Elyan, who managed to organize production and transfer there are more than 100 thousand guns on the front.

The Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, was awarded to 7 military units and 79 enterprises and institutions, including 3 newspapers: “Komsomolskaya Pravda” (1945), “Youth of Ukraine” and the Belarusian “Zvyazda” (1945). In 1945, the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, was awarded to industrial enterprises that made a significant contribution to the defeat of the enemy. The Ural Heavy Engineering Plant named after. S. Ordzhonikidze, Gorky Automobile Plant, Gorky Shipbuilding Plant “Krasnoe Sormovo” named after. Zhdanov, Volgograd Tractor Plant named after. Dzerzhinsky and others.

This order was also awarded to collective farmers for saving the harvest in the dry year of 1946.

By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of October 15, 1947, the presentation and awarding of civilians with the Order of the Patriotic War was stopped, and from that moment on military personnel were awarded extremely rarely.

Only during the “Khrushchev Thaw” was this glorious order remembered again. They began to be awarded to foreigners who assisted Red Army soldiers in escaping from captivity, and then to Soviet soldiers, underground fighters and partisans, many of whom were undeservedly considered “traitors to the Motherland” under Stalin.

Thus, in the late 60s, Polish citizen Kazimiera Tsymbal was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War. For 156 days, she hid in her cellar the crew of a tank from the 55th Guards Tank Brigade that was destroyed on the Sandomierz bridgehead. The Nazis, having discovered a damaged tank, demanded that the residents of the village of Volya-Gruetskaya hand over the tankers. When they refused, all the men in the village were sent to a concentration camp. Among those killed in the concentration camp was Kazimiera’s husband, Franciszek Tsymbal. He was also awarded the Order of the Patriotic War (posthumously). Only on January 12, 1945, regular units of the Red Army captured the village of Volya-Gruetskaya and freed the tankers.

After Brezhnev came to power, L.I. and the restoration of Victory Day as a national holiday (under Khrushchev it was not considered such), a new stage in the history of the order began: it began to be awarded to cities whose residents participated in the defensive battles of 1941-1943. The first among them, in 1966, were awarded to Novorossiysk and Smolensk, which were later ranked among the Hero Cities. In 1966, the first degree of the order was awarded to the Slovak village of Sklabinya, which the Nazis razed to the ground in 1944 for providing assistance to Soviet paratroopers. The awarding of cities with the Order of the Patriotic War continued in the 70s, but especially many of them were awarded in the years 80-82. The Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, was awarded to Voronezh (1975), Naro-Fominsk (1976), Orel, Belgorod, Mogilev, Kursk (1980), Yelnya, Tuapse (1981), Murmansk, Rostov-on-Don, Feodosia (1982) and other.

In 1975, the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, was awarded to the Soviet Committee of War Veterans.

In total, from 1947 to 1984, about 25 thousand orders of the 1st degree and more than 50 thousand orders of the 2nd degree were awarded.

In 1985, on the eve of the celebration of the 40th anniversary of the Victory, a Decree appeared, according to which all active participants, including partisans and underground fighters, were to be awarded the Order of the Patriotic War. At the same time, all marshals, generals, admirals, holders of any orders and medals “For Courage”, Ushakov, “For Military Merit”, Nakhimov, “Partisan of the Patriotic War” received during the war, as well as disabled people of the Patriotic War were awarded the Order of the 1st degree. Front-line soldiers who were not included in these categories were awarded the Order of the 2nd degree. Of course, it was impossible to equate the Order of the Patriotic War, received during the war, with the anniversary version of this award. The design of the anniversary orders was simplified as much as possible (solid stamped), all gold parts were replaced with gilded silver ones.

In total, until 1985, more than 344 thousand awards were made with the Order of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree (of which 324,903 awards were made during the war years), and about 1 million 28 thousand awards were made with the Order of the Patriotic War of the 2nd degree (of which during the war years - 951,652 awards). .

The anniversary version of the Order of the 1st degree was awarded to about 2 million 54 thousand, the 2nd degree - about 5 million 408 thousand awards.

The total number of awards with the Order of the Patriotic War (both combat and anniversary versions) as of January 1, 1992 was 2,487,098 for the 1st degree, 6,688,497 for the 2nd degree.

Features and types of medals

You can learn about the features and types of medals on the USSR Medals website

Approximate cost of the medal.

How much does the Order of the Patriotic War cost? The average market value of this medal can be from $40 to $1000. Its price is influenced by a huge number of factors, such as varieties, numbers, etc. Below we give the approximate price for some rooms:

Number range:	Price:
I degree, silver and gold, block, numbers 10-617	8000-9500$
I degree, silver and gold, block, numbers 1945-7369	4500-5000$
I degree, silver and gold, block, numbers 5421-23900	3500-4200$
I degree, silver and gold, screw, numbers 23900-242059	700-1000$
I degree, silver and gold, screw, numbers 138200-238805	700-750$
I degree, silver and gold, screw, numbers 242898-327056	650-700$
I degree, silver, anniversary, screw, numbers 451200-2613520	35-45$
I degree, reissue instead of suspension	900-950$
I degree, duplicate	1100-1300$
II degree, silver, block, numbers 1-2350	7000-8000$
II degree, silver, block, numbers 13268-32613	3500-4000$
II degree, silver, block, numbers 3968-5875	6500-7000$
II degree, silver, block, numbers 35500-35700	3500-4000$
II degree, silver, block, numbers 60002-61401	3500-4000$
II degree, silver, screw, numbers 32700-36300	500-600$
II degree, silver, screw, numbers 34700-71900	320-360$
II degree, silver, screw, numbers 43900-64500	600-700$
II degree, silver, screw, numbers 72800-91100	600-700$
II degree, silver, screw, numbers 91000-136000	170-200$
II degree, silver, screw, numbers 117000-133600	600-700$
II degree, silver, screw, numbers 170000-180500	600-700$
II degree, silver, screw, numbers 180500-182815	600-700$
II degree, silver, screw, numbers 190300-200000	180-220$
II degree, silver, screw, numbers 200000-250500	180-220$
II degree, silver, screw, numbers 250600-482500	120-160$
II degree, silver, screw, numbers 481948-617900	120-160 $
II degree, silver, screw, numbers 680300-877400	120-160$
II degree, silver, screw, numbers 877500-916840	120-160$
II degree, silver, screw, numbers 917200-927500	250-350$
II degree, silver, screw, numbers 927500-928500	600-700$
II degree, silver, screw, numbers 928600-929400	250-350$
II degree, silver, screw, numbers 930006-985400	250-350$
II degree, silver, screw, numbers 987500-6716400	25-35$
II degree, silver, screw, numbers 1474200-3447400	35-45$
II degree, silver, screw, numbers 2095400-6688500	25-35$

According to the current legislation of the Russian Federation, the purchase and/or sale of medals, orders, documents of the USSR and Russia is prohibited; this is all described in Article 324. Purchase or sale of official documents and state awards. You can read about this in more detail in, in which the law is described in more detail, as well as those medals, orders and documents that do not relate to this ban are described.