All-Russian Festival of Pedagogical Creativity
(2015/2016 academic year)
Nomination:
Pedagogical ideas and technologies: secondary education
Job title:
Russian language lesson on the topic “Formation of nouns with diminutive meaning”
Adyakina Valentina Alekseevna, teacher of Russian language and literature MBOU "Shigalinskaya OOSH" Urmara district of the Chuvash Republic
Place of work:
MBOU "Shigalinskaya OOSH" Urmara district of the Chuvash Republic
Russian language lesson on the topic “Formation of nouns”
with a diminutive meaning"
Lesson objectives: to continue acquaintance with the suffixal method of forming nouns; introduce the formation and spelling of nouns with a diminutive meaning;
develop intellectual skills: analyze, systematize, draw conclusions; cultivate attention and kindness.
Equipment: textbooks, Ozhegov’s dictionary, Russian-Chuvash dictionary, bast products (bast shoes, souvenir - bast shoes)
TSO: computer, projector, presentation, film Russian folk song “Oh you, little night”, blackboard.
During the classes
1. Organizational moment. What fabulous weather today. Indeed, our nature is beautiful at any time of the year. I go to school and observe how wonderful it is around, like in a fairy tale. It seems that a fox is about to jump out of a fairy tale and talk to me with his affectionate speech. And here is the fox herself. For what purpose did she come to us? Let's listen to her.
(I came because I decided to please you and our guests with my presence. After all, the New Year, our most beloved, fabulous holiday, is coming soon. (Gives cards). These cards are domestically produced, produced in the 6th grade of our school.
2. Checking homework, ex. 401
What exercise were you assigned for home?
(We were given exercise 401 for home: read an excerpt from a fairy tale by role, remember which fairy tale this excerpt is from.
And here comes the wolf.
(Staging of an episode from a fairy tale)
What words do the fairy tale characters use in conversation? (sister, fish..)
3. Set the mood to predict the topic of the lesson.
1) Determine how the following words are formed (on the screen):
Pisces To and the old man OK Pen yok snow inc. and the house IR lime onk and speech yenk and the mountains points and birdie Echk A
Doom ear and dishes ts e
Let's name the suffixes: -k- -ok-, -yok-, -ink-, -in-, -ochk-, -echk-, -ushk-, -yushk-, yshk-, -ishk-, -ts-, - onk-, -enk-, -ik, -ek-
2) What meaning do these suffixes give to words? (Diminutive)
3) Have you guessed what we will talk about in class? Who will formulate the topic of the lesson?
Determining the topic and objectives of the lesson.
This means that today we will continue our acquaintance with the formation of nouns, namely: we will get acquainted with the formation of nouns with a diminutive meaning, we will learn to correctly write words with such suffixes.
Working with the textbook. Let's read the quatrains of S. Marshak in ex. 402 textbooks, do they contain words with a diminutive meaning? What suffixes are they formed with?
1. Sparrows on wires
They jump and laugh.
That's right, lines from telegrams
Their feet are tickled.
2. The mouse said to the mouse: - How much I love books.
I can't read them
But I can eat them.
Are your books not read by mice? Do you like reading books? What books did you read in 6th grade?
Although the Year of Literature is coming to an end, reading works of fiction must continue.
3) Let's complete task 1: Which consonants alternate when forming the words book, line, leg? What meaning does the suffix -k- give to words?
You can often find the use of the suffix -k- in names: Kolka, Sashka, Yulka. We must remember that -k- in names has a disparaging meaning, although it seems that we call them affectionately: Pashka, Pebble. And what suffix really gives names a diminutive meaning? (Pashenka, Galenka, Yulechka).
What do your mothers affectionately call you?
Are there such suffixes in the Chuvash language? (Veruk, Annechem, Cheppemem)
Slide. Form new words with diminutive suffixes:
Mitten - (mitten), birdie - (birdie), piece of paper (piece of paper), water (water)
What suffixes were used to form these nouns? ( -echk- , -ichk-).
Let's formulate the rule ourselves when to write -echk-, when -ichk-
Students' answers.
Let's check by Slide.
In suffixes -echk- , -ichk- you need to be able to choose the right vowel:
Suffix -ichk- written in feminine nouns formed from words with a suffix -its- bowshiccup a (bowsic A). In other cases the suffix is written -echk- bugashEchk a (bukashTo A)
The teacher makes a table on the board.Let's write it in the dictionary in the form of a table
1. Determine which suffixes are used to form the following nouns:
buddy
wolf cub
little man
pad
river
2. What feature can be noticed in the formation of words? (alternation, the suffix in each word comes after the sibilant)
3. Why are the nouns distributed in columns like this? (1st column -ok-, 2nd -ek-)
4. What determines the choice of vowel in a suffix? (from stress)
5. What conclusion follows from this? Can you formulate a rule for spelling the suffixes –ok-, -ek-?
Conclusion: After hissing under stress in the suffix of nouns, the letter o is written, without stress - the letter e.
Let's fix the rule. Let's complete the tasks in cards. (Individual work)
Circle...k, dot...chka, cap...k, piece...k, ravine...k, worm...k, bitch...k, pie...k, dog...nka, meadow...k, hook...k, bear...k, rook... nok, bunny...nok
Mutual check on the slide, notebooks swapped, corrected in red, assessment.
The suffixes with which the names of the cubs are formed are subject to the same rule.
Circle, dot, cap, piece, gully, worm, knot, pie, dog, meadow, hook, bear, rook, little hare
Let's write this rule in the table
Work at the board.
On the desk:
Sonny ek, nose IR, cornflower ek, brick IR, bell ek
1. Label the suffixes.
2. What rule should be used to correctly write vowels in the suffixes –ik-, -ek-?
We will find this rule in the textbook (B.) on p. 100. Using the rule and reasoning, complete exercise. 251 (B.) (on tape)
Examination. Reading with justification for why you chose e or And. son we write -ek-, because when we change the vowel, the vowel drops out: son, ball - we write -ik-, because when we change the word, the vowel does not drop out: ball. Let's fill in the table on the board and in the dictionary.
Ex. 404(A)
1. Read the proverbs, inserting the missing letters.
2. - How do you understand “A saying is a flower, a proverb is a berry”?
(a saying embellishes speech, and a proverb not only embellishes speech, but also teaches how to live, educates.)
Give examples of what these proverbs teach or educate.
“Pick one berry at a time and you’ll get a box full.”
What does the word mean box? Determine the meaning of the word using the dictionary of S.I. Ozhegova.
1. Vocabulary work.
Plow - plow
Body – body.1. Box made of bast or birch bark.
The bast-bast of a young linden, willow,
Bast – 1. Fibrous plant tissue through which organic substances move (special)2. Plast, a piece of bark of linden, elm and certain other deciduous trees, together with the fibrous inner part.3. Fibrous plant tissue used for making yarn
2. The body of the vehicle, cart, crew
In the old days, our hardworking ancestors widely used products made from bast wood: bast served as a building material, it replaced boards; Natural shoes were made from splint. (Showing shoes made of bast). Currently, such shoes are considered a valuable souvenir for tourists.
3. Write off: 1st option 1-3, 2nd 4-6. (Individual work)
Examination.
Ex. 405
1. Expressive reading
2. Completing tasks after exercise.
This Russian folk song is still performed today. Let's listen to the song and watch the video. And pay attention to the beauty of nature. Nature is beautiful in all seasons. Let's rest a little.
Does the melody match the content of the song? (The melody, like the words of the song, is sad). Why are the words slightly different from the text in the textbook? (This is a folk song, and in folk songs, as in Russian folk tales, there are variations.
What word with a diminutive meaning was heard at the beginning of the song?
Let's get acquainted with the spelling of these suffixes in the textbook on page 153.
Slide. Introducing the suffixes –ONK- -ENK-.
Read the rule, fill out the table
Independent work
Let’s read on p. what other suffixes are used to form nouns with UL meaning 152. Pay attention to the endings of nouns.
Make an ending selection chart.
Noun neuter
masculine inanimate O
noun female
noun masculine animate A
Ex. 409. (Work in pairs)
Orally: one student reads the word, the other forms words with the UL suffix, clearly highlighting the ending.
Neighbor - neighbor, grain - grain...
| Suffixes | Rule | Examples |
| -ichk- -echk- | -ichk- is written in words formed from nouns ending in –itz-. In other cases - -echk- | staircase-ladder C grade, time |
| -ok- (-ek-), -onk- -onk- (-enk-) | After sibilants under stress it is writtenO , no accente | small river river |
| -ek- | If a vowel is dropped, it is written ek, If it doesn’t fall out, ik | padlock - padlock key-key |
| -onk- | After hard consonants After soft consonants | birch tree daughter |
| --ushk-, -yushk-, Yshk-, -ishk- | For feminine nouns and animate masculine nouns it is written at the endA,for neuter nouns and inanimate masculine nouns it is written at the endO | thought-thought starling - starling field - pole house - little house |
| -ets- | In m.r. On Wednesday. p.before the accent Wed. p.after stress | mountaineer, handsome coat, letter gorgeous armchair |
Slide. Let's get acquainted with the suffixes in which the letters e are written And And:
In m.r. -EC- (highlander)
On Wednesday. p.before the accent (paltetso) E
J. b. (gorgeous)
Wed. p.after the accent (chair) And
Now let’s consolidate what we learned in this lesson, and also repeat what we learned in previous lessons on the “Phrase” simulator.
Consolidation. Working on the electronic simulator “Phrase”.
Creative dictation. Form nouns with a diminutive meaning from these words.
Knife, hole, window, dove, case, sofa, mirror, finger, field, share, Borya, brother, rooster, river, son, pear,
Examination.
Little leg, hole, window, darling, little thing, sofa, mirror, finger, little pole, little share, Boryushka, little brother, rooster, little river, little river, son, sonny, Grushenka
Homework. 413, complete all tasks after the text. Prepare New Year's costume.
Making marks.
1 Formation of nouns with a diminutive meaning. 2 Formation of nouns that name animals and their young. Assignment for work at the blackboard Assignment for work in the notebook Assignment for work at the blackboard Assignment for work in the notebook continued
3 Formation of nouns that name a person by his actions or activities. 4 Formation of nouns using the suffix –nik-. Assignment for work at the board Assignment for work in the notebook Assignment for work at the board Assignment for work in the notebook
In Russian, using the suffixes -onk-, -enk-, -ok-, -ek-, -ik-, -ochki-, -ushk-, -yushk-, -yshk-, -k-, -chik- from The bases of nouns form nouns with a diminutive meaning. For example: raspberry - raspberry hut - hut
In Russian, using the suffix -nik-, nouns with different meanings are formed: 1) names of people according to their occupations For example: wizard 2) Names of objects according to their purpose For example: coffee pot (for coffee) 3) Names of places where something grows definite Example: spruce forest
Using suffixes, form nouns with diminutive meanings from these words. Highlight the root and suffix. maiden - ……….. street - …….... starling - …... pie - ……… fire - …….. Berry - ……… hut - …….. man - …… notebook - … … field - ……….. maiden - girl street - streets starling - starling pie - pie fire - fire Berry - berry hut - hut man - little man notebook - notebook field - pole
Form feminine nouns from these words using suffixes. Highlight the suffixes. Sparrow - ……….. hare - …………………... bear - ……….. starling - ………... lion – ……………… elephant – ……………. tiger - ……………... Sparrow - sparrow hare - hare bear - she-bear starling - starling lion - lioness elephant - elephant tiger - tigress
Insert words with the suffix nick into the sentences. 1. Andersen H.K. was great...... 2. In the summer, a beautiful …… It helps to keep the street clean… Our neighbor likes to laugh, he is called a joker and ………. 5. Mom prepared ……… for lunch. with cottage cheese. 6. Milk mushrooms and berries grow in our forest, in summer and autumn a lot of …….. and …….. gather here 7. People who travel a lot around the world are called …… Andersen H.K. was a great storyteller. 2. In the summer, a beautiful flower garden was planted near the house. 3. A janitor helps keep the streets clean. 4. Our neighbor loves to laugh, he is called a joker and joker. 5. For lunch, mom prepared dumplings with cottage cheese. 6. Milk mushrooms and berries grow in our forest; in summer and autumn many mushroom pickers and berry pickers gather here. 7.People who travel a lot around the world are called travelers.
Games and exercises for formation of the skill of forming diminutive forms of words, plural nouns in the Genitive case.
Speech therapist teacher: Sarkisyan Gayane Yurievna
In the course of normal speech development, of all the suffixes available in the language, the child learns diminutive suffixes first. According to A.N. Gvozdev, the first cases of the use of forms with these suffixes are noted in the speech of children at approximately the age of 1 year, 2 months, and 22 days. In the period from 1 year 8 months. up to 2l.2m. The most commonly used suffixes are -k-, -ok-, -ochk-, -echk-.
This can be explained by two reasons. The first of them is that he very often hears words with these suffixes from adults: he is asked give a pen, brush your teeth, wash your face, go to bed etc. Therefore, the child easily remembers exactly these forms of words.
The second reason is that adding to words
Diminutive suffixes least of all change the semantic meaning of words. For example, crib it stays that way bed, that is, an object for sleeping, and only seems to decrease in size. . Adding other suffixes to words usually dramatically changes their semantic meaning.
However, despite the relative ease of assimilation of the general semantic meaning of diminutive suffixes, children at the same time cannot immediately assimilate these numerous suffixes themselves and learn to use them correctly. This leads to the fact that in the early stages of speech development they replace more rarely occurring suffixes with more common ones. So, having learned the semantic meaning of the diminutive suffix -hic-, by analogy with the word table
they say little horse
instead of horse, rooster
instead of cockerel, lamp
instead of bulb
and so on.
All of the above indicates that it is very important to each provide to a preschool child timely assistance in faster and easier assimilation of both diminutives and all other suffixes.
Here are some games and exercises that will help you develop in children the correct use of words with diminutive suffixes.
1.Game “Who is the most attentive?”
The teacher gives the children cards - symbols with images of large and small circles and gives the task: “When I talk about large objects, show the card with a large circle. And when about small ones, a card with a small circle.” Next, the teacher pronounces a number of nouns in the initial form and diminutive form. Children distinguish these shapes by ear and pick up the correct card. Words are pronounced with the same intonation so that children, when differentiating, focus only on the morphemic composition of the word.
2.Dynamic pause. Ball game "Say the opposite."
The teacher invites the children to play the game “Say it the other way around.” He explains the rules: “I will talk about large objects, and you will talk about small ones,” and throws the ball to all the children in turn. Then the speech therapist talks about small objects, and the children talk about large ones.
3. Game “Mom and Daughter”.
An adult shows pictures of mother and daughter and says: “Mom teaches her daughter and performs actions with large objects. Listen. Mom ties a scarf. My daughter does the same with small objects. Tell me, what is your daughter doing?” The children answer: “My daughter is tying a scarf.” In this way, other phrases suggested by the speech therapist are also changed.
4. Game "Changers".
We will play with the ball and change the sentences. I will tell each of you a sentence and throw the ball. You change the sentence so that it contains affectionate words, and throw the ball back.
- The dog is chasing the hare. (The dog catches up with the bunny.)
Mom is knitting a sock. (Mommy is knitting a sock.)
A squirrel chews a pine cone. (The squirrel gnaws on a cone.)
Dad is reading a book. (Daddy reads a book.)
Lena puts on a skirt. (Lenochka puts on a skirt.)
5. Game “From what?”
The hero of the story “Dunno”, Siropchik, loves to cook and treat his friends with jam. Let's name the berries that we collected for our treat (raspberry, lingonberry, cherry, etc.)
6. Game “Sweets for Donut”
Did you guys find out who it is? That's right, our sweet tooth, Donut. Today is his birthday and he is most looking forward to sweet gifts. Let's treat our friend with sweets.
7. Game “Gifts for Mashenka and Vanechka”
Target: - Formation and use of nouns with diminutive suffixes;
8. Game "Fourth wheel".
Four pictures are placed on the board: three pictures depicting large objects and one picture depicting a small object. For example, a nose, a scarf, a house, a bush. Children are asked to name the pictures, highlight the odd one and explain why it doesn’t fit. In this way, five to six rows are worked out.
9. Game "Who has who?". During the game you need pictures with
depicting animals and their young.
First, the teacher asks the children a riddle about an animal. For example: “The tail is in a fluffy arc. Do you know this animal? Sharp-toothed, dark-eyed, can climb trees, he builds his house in a hollow so that he can live warm in winter. Who is this?" (Squirrel).
“What do you call a baby squirrel? (Little squirrel)."
“Now we will play the game “Who has who?” To do this, you need to remember baby animals.”
The teacher names the animals and shows pictures. Children remember the names of baby animals (fox, kitten, etc.)
10. Consolidating diminutive suffixes in poems and nursery rhymes.
1.) Ripe raspberries
Collect in a basket
And your picture
Put it in the machine.
Slender mountain ash,
And with a rowan next to it -
Nice aspen.
2.) Fox-sister
I kept drinking water
Visiting a titmouse.
From a little bird.
3) For a long time I listened to the nightingale,
Until my little head gets tired.
The swan floats smoothly, the crane flies into the distance.
11.Grammar in stories and fairy tales.
Topic: "Vegetables"
Target:- Formation and use of nouns with diminutive - affectionate suffixes;
Agreement of adjectives with nouns in number and gender.
Dispute in the garden.
One day, in the garden, the vegetables started an argument about which of them was the best.
I, carrot, am so beautiful and useful - I am the best!
No, it’s me, the cucumber, the best: I’m so green, long, crispy and tasty!
What are you saying, we, tomatoes, are the best! Look at us: we are so red and round - just a sight for sore eyes!
No, I, little onion, am the best! I have such long, thin, green feathers like none of you!
Whatever you say, you won’t find anyone better than dill in the whole garden! I'm so fragrant and green!
So the vegetables argued all day - who was the best, no one wanted to give in. And in the evening, grandma came to the garden and put carrots, tomatoes, cucumbers, onions, and dill in a basket and then prepared a salad from them. Grandmother and grandfather ate this salad and said: “The salad made from our vegetables is the best and most delicious!”