The meaning of CUT EVERYONE WITH THE SAME COMB in Ushakov’s Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language
TRIM EVERYONE WITH THE SAME COMB
trans. regard everyone, treat everyone equally, regardless of existing differences. Clip coupons (colloquial obsolete) - live on rent.
Ushakov. Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language by Ushakov. 2012
See also interpretations, synonyms, meanings of the word and what it means to FINISH EVERYONE WITH ONE COMB in Russian in dictionaries, encyclopedias and reference books:
- CUT in the Encyclopedic Dictionary:
, -yoke, -izh, -igug, cut, -needle; -igy; - married; nesov. 1. what. Cut or shorten by pruning. S. hair. S. beard. S-nogpsh. ... - CUT
to shorten someone's hair by trimming S. sheep, S. camels. S. one size fits all (translated: to equalize everyone in some respect; ... - CUT in Dahl's Dictionary:
cut, shear what, whom, cut off ends, tops, mohairs, hair, wool with scissors; | chop finely with scissors or into strips. | Shear, shear... - CUT in the Dictionary of Thieves' Slang:
- look... - UNDER in the Big Encyclopedic Dictionary:
(bottom) a structural element of the furnace on which materials or products are placed that are subjected to heat treatment (heating, melting, firing, etc.); performed … - UNDER in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
hearth, a structural element of the furnace on which materials or products are placed that are subjected to heat treatment (heating, melting, firing, etc.). P. smelting… - UNDER in the Encyclopedic Dictionary:
, -a, about the hearth, on the hearth, m. The lower surface in the oven (for example, Russian), as well as (in factory ovens) the place where ... - UNDER
"UNDER THE BANNER OF MARXISM", monthly philosophy. and social-economics magazine, published since Jan. 1922 to June 1944 in ... - UNDER in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
(hearth), a structural element of the furnace on which materials or products are placed that are subjected to heat treatment (heating, melting, firing, etc.); usually done... - CUT
cut, cut, cut, cut, cut, cut, cut, cut, cut, cut, cut, cut, cut, cut, cut, cut, cut, shearing, shearing, shearing, shearing, shearing, ... - UNDER in the Complete Accented Paradigm according to Zaliznyak:
by "d, pody", by "yes, pod"v, by "du, pod"m, by "d, pody", by "dom, pod"mi, by "de, pod"x, ... - UNDER in the Complete Accented Paradigm according to Zaliznyak.
- UNDER in the Dictionary for solving and composing scanwords.
- CUT
cm. … - UNDER in Abramov's Dictionary of Synonyms:
see about, before, ... - UNDER
bream, hearth, under, ... - ONE in the Russian Synonyms dictionary:
one, one, one,... - CUT
- UNDER- in the New Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language by Efremova:
- UNDER in the New Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language by Efremova:
1. m. Lower surface, bottom of the firebox, mouth of the furnace. 2. preposition (and also subordinate) 1) with wine. and creativity pad. Usage ... - UNDER in Lopatin’s Dictionary of the Russian Language:
under 2 and under, ... - CUT in the Complete Spelling Dictionary of the Russian Language:
cut, -yoke, -yoke, -yoke; past -ig,... - CUT in the Spelling Dictionary:
str`ich, -ig`u, -izhet, -ig`ut; past -`ig, ... - UNDER in the Spelling Dictionary:
under 2 and under, ... - UNDER in the Spelling Dictionary:
under 1, -a, prev. on the bottom, pl. -`s,… - UNDER in Ozhegov’s Dictionary of the Russian Language:
2 II About time: close to something, before something P. evening. On the nose. New Year. P. old age. under 2... - POD in Dahl's Dictionary:
husband. floor, bottom, ground, flooring, bottom lining, bottom. Under a reservoir, covered, killed bottom, floor. | Underneath, in a peasant hut... - UNDER in the Modern Explanatory Dictionary, TSB:
(hearth), a structural element of the furnace on which materials or products are placed that are subjected to heat treatment (heating, melting, firing, etc.); ... - CUT
cutting, cutting, cutting, doctor of science no, past sheared, sheared, carried. 1. what. Cut or shorten by cutting with scissors (hair, nails). 2. with... - UNDER in Ushakov’s Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language:
see also (under). Prefix in nouns. and adj., giving them meaning: 1) representing a part of something. whole, department of some kind. ... - UNDER in Ushakov’s Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language:
see also (podo) and (podъ), verb prefix. Indicates: 1) that the action is directed from the bottom up, for example. toss, lift, jump, support, pick up; ... - UNDER in Ushakov’s Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language:
hearth, about the hearth, on the hearth, m. A horizontal surface in a stove, in a stove firebox, on which fuel is placed. Bake the pie directly... - UNDER in Ushakov’s Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language:
and under (see) (without stress, except in cases where the stress from the noun is transferred to the preposition, for example. Under the nose, Under the nose), ... - CUT
nesov. trans. 1) By trimming, shortening or cutting off (hair, wool, grass, branches, etc.). 2) Cut or undercut someone. hair, wool. ... - UNDER- in Ephraim's Explanatory Dictionary:
1. prefix 1) A word-forming unit that forms: 1) nouns with the meaning of a part or separation of the whole and subordination to what is named ... - UNDER in Ephraim's Explanatory Dictionary:
1. m. Lower surface, bottom of the firebox, mouth of the furnace. 2. preposition (and also subordinate) 1) with wine. and creativity pad. ... - CUT
nesov. trans. 1. By trimming, shortening or cutting off (hair, wool, grass, branches, etc.). 2. Cut or trim someone's hair or fur. ... - UNDER- in the New Dictionary of the Russian Language by Efremova:
I prefix A word-forming unit that forms 1) nouns with the meaning of a part or separation of the whole and subordination to what is called motivating... - UNDER in the New Dictionary of the Russian Language by Efremova:
I m. Lower surface, bottom of the firebox, mouth of the furnace. II sentence 1. with wine and creativity; - under Used when indicating... - CUT in the Large Modern Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language:
nesov. trans. 1. Trimming, shortening or trimming (hair, wool, grass, branches, etc.). 2. Cutting or pruning... - ROME CITY*
- JOY TO ALL WHO SORRY in the Orthodox Encyclopedia Tree:
Open Orthodox encyclopedia "TREE". Joy to all who mourn, icon of the Mother of God. Celebration of October 24 (day of the first miracle from the icon), ... - COMB in the Encyclopedic Dictionary:
, -i, w. 1. An oblong plate with a row of teeth for combing hair and holding the hairstyle together. Horny, plastic Mr. Cut hair... - JAPAN* in the Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron.
- FRANCE* in the Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron.
- FEUDALISM in the Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron.
- INSURANCE
Theory S.? Insurance policy. ? History of insurance. ? History of insurance in Russia. Syndicate agreement of fire insurance companies. ? ... - SOCIALIST PARTIES in the Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedia:
General review. ? Germany. ? France. ? Belgium. ? Holland. ? Switzerland. ? Austria and Hungary. ? England. ? Italy. ...
A trip to the Mostovskoy district in January 2017 to the Old Mill recreation center was not as usual. Three from our company could not go, they were sick. Our friends are younger than us: they still have everything ahead of them. We never change our plans, knowing that we don’t have much of this “still ahead” left.
Two young women went with us, who liked to relax at the Aqua-Vitta base, located next to ours. We agreed that we would meet at 17:00 and leave at 17:10.
We arrived at 9:30 a.m., and already at 9:45 a.m. were in the pool. This time the water was 39°, and before 37°. The air temperature was above zero, which I don’t really like. I love it when it’s frosty, the sun is shining, but it’s not warming. Great! Sunbathing is great!
There were relatively few people after holidays and school holidays. We can say that the hydromassages you needed were waiting for you. Along one of the walls of the pool there are 6 hydromassages, and there is an opportunity to sit. Sitting, you are completely immersed in the water and changing the position of your body, you can massage all its parts. This is the wall of the pool that I like best, although there are other hydromassages. Having done the massage, I wash off the path (the deck that surrounds the pool), sit on it, sunbathe, and at the same time take air baths. Great! The soul rejoices, the body is relaxed: you get a lot of pleasant sensations. After all this, there are acquaintances, pleasant communication with interesting people who come to visit their relatives from many parts of our Russia and from abroad and combine business with pleasure by visiting these recreation centers. Usually they come for 3-5 days and live in hotel or individual houses. This time there was not much communication.. Probably, the “residents” of the base were resting for a long time. In the afternoon there were more of them.
My husband likes to combine a pleasant activity with a useful one: swim in the pool and wander through the forest picking mushrooms. I don't go picking mushrooms here. Usually he went along the “Health” path into the forest to pick mushrooms with his wife, a friend who has passed on to another world, who really likes to collect and eat mushrooms. She got sick. This time, having taken all the necessary things, including boots to ford the mountain river, the husband went alone.
Everything was as always except for one thing, we couldn’t get on the phone; I forgot my phone at home. There was less than an hour left before departure, and my husband did not return. Time passed very quickly. It's already half past four and he's gone. He couldn't let down the women who came with us. It's already 25 minutes until we meet with them. He didn't show up. All sorts of thoughts pop into my head: he slipped, he injured his leg, he can’t move, and many other bad things popped into his head. Fear gripped me. In 10 minutes I got dressed, packed my things, and asked the administrator to say that we would be delayed if women asked about us.
Walking along the pool, I heard: “Are you leaving already?” A man about 40-45 years old asked me a question. We didn't know him. I told him that I was going into the forest to look for my husband, that for some reason he did not return on time.
I took the “Health” path and walked, deciding that I would move further and start calling my husband.
I called twice and immediately saw him smiling, coming towards me.
My husband also left his phone in the closet and used the sun to navigate, forgetting that the day had lengthened. Then I relaxed and burst into tears. He saw that I was much weaker than I wanted to appear. At that moment I felt that there was no one in the world dearer and dearer than him.
A pleasant surprise was waiting for us ahead. Three married couples were walking towards us, among whom were three women I knew and a man, to whom, in answer to a question, I said that I was going into the forest……. He organized friends and wives to help me in my search.
The others greeted us from the pool, wishing us a good trip and expressing their desire to meet us here next time. Who thinks that we have bad youth? Wrong! You can't put everyone under the same brush. The world is not without good people. Live healthy!
What is “one size fits all”? How to spell this word correctly. Concept and interpretation.
one size fits all 1) who, what to be; look the same, without any differences or features. This means that a person, a group of persons (Y), an object (Z) as a result of someone’s actions has a standard, overly typed appearance. ? Y Z for one comb. As a nominal part of a tale, disagree. def. or obst. The order of the component words is fixed. - In the year of Pushkin’s 200th anniversary, the topics for essays for graduation were the same, both for gymnasiums and for ordinary schools. (Rech.) The village existed for a long time, it had a core of former owners, eminent, well-known people, as well as rather dubious personalities. Their dachas stood out. Size, style of construction. Not typical, not one size fits all. Who knew what? N. Kozhevnikova, Dacha. “I don’t buy anything from clothes in a department store,” says Larisa Aleksandrovna.... Sometimes they bring something in, and then the whole city goes with the same brush. Yunost, 1988. cultural commentary: Similar figurative expressions exist in other European languages; Wed German alles ?ber einen Kamm scheren and Swede. skara alla ofver en kam "to cut everyone with the same brush." “These phrases are traced back to the custom of sheep breeders to cut coarse and fine sheep wool with the same comb.... Another explanation is also suggested, related to the practice of medieval bathhouse attendants, who allegedly combed their clients “with the same comb.” (Melerovich A.M., Mokienko V.M. Phraseological units in Russian speech. M., 2001. P. 179, 180.) see also variants of phraseology. in dialects: to row under one comb, under one row, to drive under a row, to take under an oar ("where the row is a small straight block or plate, which, when measured, is used to compare bulk substances with the edges of the measure - rye, oats, cereals"). (Ibid. P. 180.) Image of phraseology. goes back to the archetypal opposition “part - whole”. By virtue of their inclusion in one genus, in one whole, the members of the genus are identified as parts of the whole, while the members of the genus are different from each other, according to the principle of individualization. (Ayrapetyan V. Russian interpretations. M., 2000. P. 79.) Image of phraseology. is perceived against the background of the archetypal opposition “I - others”, as well as against the background of ideas about the equality and individuality of people. see about the concept of individuality, personality in folklore: In the forest the forest is not level, in the world there are people; In the forest, the God of the forest did not equalize the people; God did not even the fingers of his hand; All are beavers, I am the only sable. see about the concept of equality: Before God, everyone is equal; Death will make everyone equal; Everyone has the same soul: both Vaska and Yakov; Everyone looks the same; The world is a great man. Phraseol component. cut/cut refers to the anthropic code of culture that characterizes human activity; the set of components under one belongs to the numerical code, the comb to the material code. Image of phraseology. as a whole, it is created by an anthropomorphic metaphor that likens the submissive behavior of a person to the obedience of a sheep or a domestic animal. Image of phraseology. perceived against the backdrop of cultural attitudes about the value of the human person. In the image of phraseology. antithesis is interspersed, that is, a contrasting opposition of concepts: all under one. Component one has the additional symbolic meaning of the sameness of people in the same conditions, the same for all. In combination with the preposition “under”, which has the meaning of measuring something. position or condition, phraseol. in general, it plays the role of a standard, i.e., a measure that completely equalizes people, depriving them of personal characteristics and individual differences. author: M. L. Kovshova 2) do something; act the same way, without any differences, without an individual approach. This means that a person, a group of persons (X) acts in relation to another person, another group of persons (Y), a social group (Z), unreasonably and unjustifiably equalizing their rights. ? X acts with the same brush in relation to Y and Z. unism. Usually in design with pronoun All. In the role of obst. The order of the component words is fixed. Kildigs himself was given twenty-five [years]. This period used to be so happy: everyone was given ten with the same brush. And from forty-nine, such a streak began - everyone was twenty-five. A. Solzhenitsyn, One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich. For the anniversary of the school, all classes were gathered under the same brush, two thousand per class - from the first to the eleventh. (Speech) 3) do something. The same, without any differences, without an individual approach. This means that persons (X) are equalized in some way. rights ? X-s are forced to do sth. one size fits all. unism. Usually in design with pronoun All. In the role of obst. The order of the component words is fixed. - Wonderful! This is leveling! No matter how hard you try, you will get it, just like everyone else. One size fits all. V. Doloshenko, Samotlor Tale.- This used to be taken into account when paying for kindergarten: what income the family has, whether it’s full or not. Now everyone pays the same price. (Speech)
The expression “one size fits all” negatively characterizes egalitarianism, the desire to fit everyone to the same level, regardless of individual differences: “I welcomed the Nazis because they proclaimed the principle of spiritual hierarchy. And now they are putting everyone under one brush” (I. Ehrenburg. The Storm ); “I understand that you can’t paint all former [white] officers with the same brush. I didn’t intend to turn the fighters against Comrade Prishchepa” (K. Sedykh. Father’s Land); “The world-eating kulak and the working middle peasant, especially the poor peasant, cannot be treated with the same brush” (M. Kochnev. Shock); “People are different... I don’t cut everyone with the same brush” (E. Maltsev. Enter every house).
As you noticed, all the given contexts are from fiction of the 20th century. This is not accidental, because in the collection of M. I. Mikhelson, in which there is usually an abundance of citations on the phraseological topic given by him, only the interpretation given to the expression “to treat everyone with the same brush” is “to treat people, to treat different persons - equally, not taking into account the significant difference between them" (Mikhelson 1912,849). And although our expression was recorded before him by V.I. Dal, apparently, it has not yet received active circulation in the literary language of the 19th century.
Its etymology seems to be clear: the verb itself suggests that we are talking about a haircut with a comb. In some usages, this idea is even somewhat enlivened by the inclusion of verbs of a similar thematic range: “Lyubka spoke stormily and angrily: - No, it’s impossible to work in literature. The editors are too energetic in editing, ironing, combing everyone with the same brush” (M. Zoshchenko. Literary anecdotes) .
And yet, historians of phraseology have different understandings of the literal meaning of this phrase. Well-known collectors of popular words N.S. and M.A. Ashukins specify such a haircut as a “soldier’s haircut with a comb” (Ashukins 1955,412). The logic, I must say, is quite appropriate, because a soldier’s haircut is a trimming of hair to the same rank. This interpretation was apparently prompted by a quotation from the collection of M. I. Mikhelson, where cutting to the comb is used not only in the terminological, “hairdressing” meaning of “cutting short, not higher than the head of the applied comb,” but also in the context of military Engineering School: “In the Engineering School... both the conductor who let his hair grow long, and the officer’s long hair was cut with a comb” (Al. I. Savelyev. Memory of D. V. Grigorovich. - Mikhelson 1912,647).
If the expression about the comb were purely Russian, then one could stop at such an interpretation, since it is completely consistent with this context of the Russian writer, and our dictionaries do not reflect others, as already said.
But it is by no means purely Russian. We find it in Belarusian (cut your hair with one comb), in Ukrainian (cut your hair with one comb, cut your hair with one comb), and in Bulgarian (cut your hair over one comb). In many other Slavic languages, however, it is unknown (in Czech, Slovak, Serbo-Croatian, etc.), which is alarming. Moreover, a careful study of the fixation of the given Slavic correspondences to the Russian cut with the same brush shows that they all appeared recently, and therefore, possibly, under the influence of the Russian language. Gender is indicative in this regard. Jednym grzebieniem wszystkich czesać “to scratch everyone with one comb”, recorded in the literature only since 1894 (NKPI, 756). Its figurative meaning corresponds to Russian, but the structure, as we see, is different, and its use is very rare.
In such cases (especially since in our dialects, as we will see, this phrase is practically unknown) we have to state borrowing. And indeed, the paths of Russian and other Slavic expressions about the comb lead to Germanic languages, primarily to German, where there is a literally corresponding to ours - ailes iiber einen Kamm scheren. Wed. Swedish, skàra alla ôfver en kam with the same meaning and the same structure. The only difference, however, is in the preposition: both iiber and ôfver are not “under”, but, on the contrary, “above”. The Germans and Swedes, therefore, do not cut their hair “under the comb,” but “above the comb.” Agree that there is a logic here: after all, the scissors are held over it. A similar preposition can be found in the French idiom tondre qn. sur le peigne, literally meaning “to comb someone’s comb”, and figuratively - something completely different, the same as the Russian put a spoke in the wheels “to deliberately prevent someone from carrying out their plans.” It is no coincidence that the Russian-French dictionary JI was innovative for its time. V. Shcherba and M.I. Matusevich give our phrase a completely different French equivalent: niveler tout le monde “to level everyone and everything.” The semantic result is perhaps unusual for us, especially since the French phrase also has a “hairdressing” meaning in common with Russian - “to cut your hair short and even.” But he once again shows that if we look for the source of Russian phraseology somewhere outside the Slavic language zone, then it is in German, with which our language was closely connected in the 18th and 19th centuries.
How do historians of German phraseology explain the German expression?
Strangely enough, there is no unity of views here either.
Registering the fixation of this turnover already in 1579, in one of I. Ficharga’s satires, L. Rohrich traces it back to the practice of washing and cutting in medieval baths, where bathhouse attendants combed the hair of all their clients with one comb (Rôhrich 1977,476). Another well-known historian of German proverbs and sayings, F. Seiler, suggests not a Bath-urban, but a production-agricultural interpretation: “The expression Ailes iiber einen Kamm scheren originally meant to comb coarse and fine wool with the same comb, and then figuratively began to mean “handle treat everyone the same, don't do it when treating smb. differences"" (Seiler 1922,267).
It is difficult, of course, to judge categorically which of the German researchers is right: for this it would be necessary to dive into the dialect variations of this expression, trace its use in contexts, find out the details of shearing sheep and washing in medieval German baths. But this would take us far away from the history of Russian circulation itself. For now, I will limit myself to the remark that the image of sheep shearing as the original symbolism of the German idiom seems more real due to its antiquity and the emphasized nationality of the image. This is evidenced by the fact that in many German sayings and proverbs we are talking specifically about shearing sheep: sein Schàfchen zu scheren wissen (lit., “to be able to shear your sheep”) “to be able to make money, to warm up your hands, to arrange a profitable business,” erhat sein Schàfchen geschoren (lit., “he sheared his own sheep”) “he honestly deserved his profit,” Das Schaf scheren ohne es zu schinden (lit., “to shear a sheep without skinning it”) “to understand a good deal of profitable business, to take care of one’s benefit"; Der eine schert das Schaf, der andere das Schwein Yudin shears a sheep, another a pig", Die Schafe weidet man, um sie zu scheren "Sheep are herded in order to be sheared", Man kann das Schaf wohl scheren, aber man soli es nicht schinden" A sheep can be sheared well, but it cannot be skinned,” Wenn man die Schafe schert so zittern die Lâmmer “When a sheep is sheared, the lambs tremble,” etc. (Rôhrich 1977,800).
It is not difficult to find in our language a similar paremiological echo of sheep and shearing with the same comb. I will limit myself only by referring to the comparison of shearing like a flock of sheep, which was used at the beginning of the century: “It’s easy for them to rub their points, in words to crucify for the peasant world, but in reality to shear it like a herd of sheep” (P. Boborykin. Vasily Terkin).
In any case, the German parallels correct the etymology of N.S. and M.A. Ashukins, because they do not contain any hint of the haircut of military school recruits. And the comparison with a medieval bathhouse attendant, proposed by L. Roerich, frankly speaking, is very lame in its internal logic. After all, even if in the baths they previously combed the hair of everyone washing with the same comb, the hairstyles of the clients still remained different and therefore the bathhouse attendants could not evaluate them equally. It is known how obsequiously they washed and combed the hair of eminent generals and how disgustingly they touched the backs and heads of the poor and humble public. A flock of sheep is a different matter: here these gentle fleece bearers are sheared under the same comb (or rather, over the same comb) in the literal sense. And the attitude towards sheep in the popular speech of many peoples is mainly negative, which is consistent with the negatively ironic connotation of German and Russian expressions.
So, after all, they are most likely associated with shearing sheep, and not people.
By accepting this version for German, we thereby seemed to explain the meaning of the Russian expression. One thing, however, remains unclear in our circulation. Why do the prepositions in these two languages not only not coincide, but are directly opposite to each other in meaning?
This question can already be answered by the material of the folk speech of the Russian and Polish languages, where, as we have seen, the expression about a haircut with one brush penetrated quite late. It would seem that since this is a late borrowing, then it has no place in popular dialects. However, contrary to this expectation, we find it in them. “Maria combs everyone with the same brush,” dialectologists wrote in modern Ivanovo dialects (Botina, Sanzharova 1981,40). To put everyone under the same brush means “not to single out anyone,” that is, to put everyone under one brush. And here is a record from Bryansk dialects: “The klevir tiper was mowed under the comb” (SBG 4.55). The comb here is “completely, entirely, leaving nothing on the field.” The Pskov expression “about a very strong, pouring rain” is also curious: “You’ll finish the whole comb” (POS 3.123).
Similar uses of this phrase can be found among our Soviet writers: “Young people are indiscriminately combed out - both the lame and the crooked” (B. Polevoy. We are Soviet people); “In Finland, all the socialists were cut to pieces” (A. N. Tolstoy. Walking through torment); “It turns out that the point is not always that everyone should be united by some single school, that everyone should be, so to speak, “one size fits all”” (Yu. Yuryev. Notes of an Actor).
If the last turn - to be one size fits all - can somehow be considered a “truncated” version of our to cut one size fits all, then all the others deviate quite greatly from it both in meaning and in the verbs included in it, so as to leave them without attention.
Isn’t it true, for most of them the emphasis has already been greatly shifted from “equalization” to “absolute”, that is, an extremely intense characteristic of an action expressed by a verb, bringing this action to the end. Mow the clover with a comb - “mow it completely,” the rain whips under the entire comb - “it pours extremely intensely, to the limit”, they comb out the youth - “they take everyone without exception into fascist captivity”, slaughtered the socialists with a comb - “destroyed them absolutely completely , on the vine."
This semantic difference, as it turns out, is nothing more than the influence of purely popular expressions on the literary expression to comb it with a comb. In popular usage there is a professional term under the comb (Bryan., Ryaz., etc.) - “about a method of covering a thatched roof, in which sheaves of threshed straw are laid in rows with the butts down, untied and leveled, tamping and trimming from below using a special device - a comb "(SBG 4.55; SRNG 7.121). Other tools are also called a comb - a brush, a scraper for cleaning a horse; carder for flax, hemp; a toothed iron plate on the shaft, used for fastening and tensioning the cord; part of the loom, which is used to nail down the weft so that it fits more tightly when weaving the blanket, etc. To some extent, all these “combs” are a measure of density and fullness.
The possibility of such an interpretation of popular usage is supported by a number of expressions formed precisely according to this model: bryan. do it “in the same way, without differences, under one row”, pour grain under the row “even with the edges”; Cuban to drive everyone under the oar "everyone in a row, indiscriminately. At the same time, the inhabitants of the Bryansk and Kuban regions had different rowing: bryan. rowing - "a poker with a long wooden handle for scooping out the baked goods from the oven", kuban. - "yoke". In Don usage, take (take) under the row “to take everything, indiscriminately, entirely, completely” (SRNG 7, another meaning of it is reflected - “a small straight bar or plate, which, when measured, is used to compare bulk substances with the edges of the measure - rye, oats, cereals, etc. . p.. This meaning for the word rowing was, apparently, still the main one - it is not by chance that it is reflected in the language of the 18th century: “Rake the rye in a quarter with a rower” (SRYA of the 18th century V, 226). it also forms the already familiar expression under the row or in the row - “level with the edges of the measure”. to mow under one tag - “to mow continuously, in a row” (Sl. Mesch., 41).
Revolutions created according to the same model can also be found among neighboring Slavic peoples. Floor. brać pod jeden strych (strychulec), corresponding to the Russian cut with one comb, is literally translated as “take with one comb,” for strych and strychulec are the same measure that in the 18th century. We compared granular substances with the edges. Wed. also pod strych mierzyć “to pour with the top, to the edge”, literally meaning “to measure under the rake”. Similarly, the Polish expression brać wszystko pod jeden sznur (sznurek) with the literal meaning of “taking everything under one cord.” Here, too, megricity and the characteristic of complete filling of the vessel are evident.
In a word, the popular expressions “under the comb”, “under the comb”, “under the tag”, which, judging by their Polish parallel, have existed for a long time in our proverbial fund, prepared the ground for the rapid assimilation by our literary language of what came from the German “to cut with one comb”. Having absorbed its semantics (close enough, however, to its own) and assigned only one verb to its literary use - to cut, the popular phrase, however, retained the preposition that had long been automated in living speech. This is how the German “cut above the comb” became Russian “cut below the comb”.