Quotes about human resource management. Quotes and aphorisms from leaders, trainers, consultants, famous people

It is useless to scold your superiors behind your back; it is more useful to praise them in their presence. ()

The amount of mistakes made by managers does not change from changing places. ()

Mat is the only language in which instructions are understood without distortion. ()

People understand any proposals differently than the one who makes them.
Consequences.
1. Even if your explanation is so clear that it excludes any false interpretation, there will still be a person who will misunderstand you.
2. If you are sure that your action will meet with universal approval, someone will definitely not like it. (Chisholm's Third Law)

Leading means not stopping good people from working. (Petr Leonidovich Kapitsa)

I can boldly call an inexperienced leader who wants to be like Atilla the “whip” of providence. (Kozma Prutkov)

We all want to be them, and they want to control us. (Leonid S. Sukhorukov)

The main thing is not to punish, but to force them to act. ()

It is not at all necessary to accept every rationalization proposal, but if you do not exclaim “Well thought out!” and if you don’t pat the one who came up with the idea on the back, he will never offer you anything else. This kind of reaction shows a person that he means something. (Lee Iacocca)

Either you control your day, or your day will control you. (Jim Rohn)

Tyranny is always a sign of weakness. (James Russell Lowell)

The best leaders are those whose existence the people do not notice. (Lao Tzu (Li Er))

It has long been known that those who are given second places have an undeniable right to first. (Jonathan Swift)

The main quality of a leader is realism. (Marcus Aurelius)

If you want to influence other people, then you must be a person who truly stimulates and moves other people forward. (Karl Marx)

It is easier for a sane person to obey crazy people than to control them. (Francois de La Rochefoucauld)

If a company wants to achieve success, it is necessary to periodically shake the “bureaucratic pot”. By changing people you gain mobility, so when things get tough, mix it up at the top, change everyone. The reasons for the “deposition of salts” are in the management system. ()

Any economist attempting to construct a theoretical model that generalizes specific facts is advised to do so in strictly mathematical form. (R. Allen)

You can subjugate millions of people, but you cannot force them to think. (Andrey Galyamin)

Plurality of power is not good: let there be one ruler. (Aristotle)

Rule the people with dignity and the people will be respectful. Treat people kindly and people will work hard. Exalt the virtuous and instruct the unlearned, and people will trust you. (Confucius (Kun Tzu))

Any order that can be misunderstood is misunderstood. (Army axiom)

When profits are taken from the customer or the worker, it is a sign of bad business management. ()

If you don’t demand a lot from a person, then you won’t get much from him. (A.S. Makarenko)

Do today what others will think about tomorrow. (Winston Churchill)

How easy it is to suck everything out of thin air if he is in charge! (Leonid S. Sukhorukov)

The Project Services company congratulates all project managers on their professional holiday! In honor of him, we present to you a hand-picked collection of project management quotes. Even if you are not a project manager, you can use these quotes in a conversation with one =)

Top 10 Project Management Quotes

“If it (requirements, report, plan) does not fit on one page, no one will understand it” - Stevens Institute of Technology
“All things are created twice. The first time is mental, the second time is physical. The key to creativity is to start working knowing in advance the result you want to get” - Stephen Covey
“Even if you are on the right path, you can be run over if you just sit on it” - Will Rogers, American comedian
“It doesn’t matter how good your team is or how effective your methodology is, if you’re not solving the right problem, the project will fail.” Woody Williams, w3srcConsulting
“No one can play a symphony alone. This requires a whole orchestra." H. E. Luccock,professor of theology
“Of all the things I have done in my life, the most important thing I consider to be managing the talented people who worked for us, directing them towards the desired goal” - Walter Disney
Dwight Esenhower
“Trying to manage projects without project management is like trying to play football without a game plan.” Karen Tate, President and Founder of The Griffin Tate Group
"We must either find a way or make one" - Hannibal
“When I decide to use my power, using it to protect what I believe in, it doesn’t matter whether I’m scared or not.” Audre Lorde, writer and philosopher

What is project management and what do project managers do?

“Operations management is the light in the tunnel, strategic management ensures there is light at the end of the tunnel, and project management is the engine of the train that moves the organization forward.” Joy Gumz, director of Project Auditors LLC

“Project management is a way of developing the structure of a complex project in which such independent variables as time, cost, resources and human behavior come together” - Rory Burke, Enterprise Enablement

“Project management is the art of creating the illusion that any outcome of a project is the result of planned, conscious actions, when in fact everything depends on chance” - Harold Kerzner

“Project managers act like the leaders of a rock band: they gather around them musicians playing different instruments and force them to play to the same rhythm. Under the leadership of the leader, they play one song" - Leonard R. Sayles, author of The Rise of Rogue Executive

"In the acronym PM, the letter P equally stands for project management ( project management. Hereinafter in italics – translator’s note), as well as people management ( people and personnel management)» — Cornelius Fitchner, PMP, author

“The project manager must integrate all aspects of the project with each other, ensure that the project team has sufficient resources and competencies and, of course, ensure that the project is implemented as efficiently as possible in terms of time, quality and budget” — Samuel J. Mantel Jr., Jack R. Meredith , authors of the book " Project Management: A Managerial Approach »

“The project manager must develop an integrated system for planning, controlling, monitoring and storing large amounts of information, as well as making decisions on the fly” - Rory Burke

“You can have good project management in a company without using the Earned Value Method. But it is impossible to use the Earned Value Method without good project management” — Steve Crowther, Chairman of the UK Independence Party

“Why do so many people claim to be in the business of project management when in reality they are in the business of putting out fires?” — Colin Bentley, author of books and articles onPRINCE2

Actions and tasks

“A job cannot be considered done until it is 100% done” - Louis Fried, author of books and articles on management

“Add small with small, and you get a big pile” - Ovid

“An ounce of action is worth a ton of theory” - Friedrich Engels

“Each completed action creates the conditions and framework for the next one” - Louis Fried

“He who started has already accomplished half the work” - Horace

“If you think you have everything under control, then you’re just not moving fast enough.” Mario Andretti, Formula One world champion

“Momentum is a fragile force. His worst enemy: procrastination. His best friend: deadline. So: get to work! Right now!" — Tom Peters, author and business guru

“Plans are just good intentions unless they immediately turn into hard work.” — Peter Drucker

“Some things look better done than described” - David Thomas and Andy Hunt, authors of The Pragmatist Programmer

“Working ten hours a day puts you twice as far behind your commitments as working five hours a day.” Isaac Asimov

Change management

“There is no change without inconvenience, even from better to worse” - Samuel Johnson, English literary critic and poet

“It’s always easier to talk about changes than to implement them” - Alvin Toffler, American philosopher and futurist

“There is no business that is more difficult to organize, more dangerous to conduct, and more doubtful of success than replacing old orders with new ones” - Niccolo Machiavelli

“A reasonable person adapts to the world, an unreasonable person adapts the world to himself. Therefore, all progress depends only on unreasonable people" - Bernard Show

Communications

“Information is like garbage. Decide in advance what you are going to do with it before you collect it." Mark Twain

“Make sure your documentation is clear and concise and try to get the most out of interpersonal communications” - Colin Bentley

“If it’s not in the documents, it doesn’t exist. As long as information is stored in someone’s head, it is easily lost.” Louis Fried

“Never let someone who doesn’t have the authority to say yes tell you no.” Eleanor Roosevelt

“Intelligence reports should be written briefly, simply and purely descriptive. They should not contain extraneous ideas" - Napoleon Bonaparte

“The terms of a promise are quickly forgotten, but promises are remembered for a long time” - John Edwards; Jim Butler; Barry Hill; Sandra Russell, authors of the book "PeopleRulesforRocketScientist »

“An uninvolved sponsor sinks the ship” — Angela Waner,Dell

Mistakes and learning

“I have seen boards of directors that continued to waste money on projects that were doomed to fail because they were not willing to admit their mistakes, accept them and change course.” Luke Johnson , British businessman and millionaire

“If an IT project succeeds the first time, then it is a very small and simple project” - Cornelius Fitchner

“If an IT project turned out right the first time, then it was a dream. Wake up and go to work" - Cornelius Fitchner

“If you always blame other people for your mistakes, you will never grow.” Joy Gumz

“If you've never had to close a project, you haven't been an effective project manager.” Woody Williams

“At NASA we never punish mistakes. We punish for concealing mistakes" - Al Siapert, American psychologist and lecturer

“In projects that are poorly managed, problems may go undetected until the very end of the project. It's like a pipe running underground. Money flows out drop by drop, but no one notices it until a major breakthrough” - Joy Gumz

“It is better to know some questions than all the answers” - James Thurber, writer, artist and satirist

“It is not enough that we do everything we can, sometimes we have to do what is required” - Winston Churchill

“Be able to cut losses if necessary. Don't let the desire to win take away your common sense. If Napoleon had immediately left Moscow, he would have saved the army." Jerry Manas, author of the book "Napoleon on Project Management »

“Not a single major project has ever been completed on time, within budget and with the same team that started it” -

“Knowledge can be given, but experience can only be earned” - Joy Gumz

“History teaches man that man learns nothing from history” - Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

Plans and Planning

“A good plan can help with risk analysis, but does not guarantee a smooth project implementation” - Colin Bentley

“A project without a critical path is like a ship without a rudder” - N. Dean Meyer, author of works on economics and management

“A well-written project plan should serve as the foundation for building work on the project” - ColinBentley

“For a project plan to be effective, it must equally take into account the parameters of the duration of the work and their logical relationships. Logical relationships are needed to model different scheduling options" - Rory Burke

“The ability to make correct calculations comes with experience, but experience comes with errors in calculations” - Frederick Brooks, computer scientist, author of The Mythical Man-Month.

“Until plans become the basis for hard work, they are just good intentions” - Peter Drucker

“Plans are useless, planning is priceless” - Dwight Esenhower

“Things that matter most should never be dominated by things that matter less.” Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

“Until responsibilities are distributed and obligations are not taken, there are hopes and promises... but no plans” - Peter Drucker

“What is true today may become false tomorrow. Never confuse your plans with the truth." Woody Williams

“When the terrain does not coincide with the map, navigate by the terrain, not by the map” - Swiss Army Instructions

“You can’t keep everything in your head. To manage a large project, control tools are simply necessary" - LouisFried

Process

“A smart guy with a checklist will not replace an experienced employee” - Joy Gumz

“Now many project managers have begun to forget that the forms, diagrams and tables they fill out are created to help, not to punish” - Mantel, Meredith, Shaffer, and Sutton, authors of the bookProject Management in Practice »

“Before you can create something repeatable and reusable, you first need to create something disposable” - Woody Williams

“You shouldn’t constantly follow tactics that once brought victory. Your actions must depend on many circumstances" - Sun Tzu

“If you can't describe what you're doing as a single process, you don't know what you're doing.” William Edwards Deming

“It doesn't matter how well a particular process works. What matters is how well they work together." Lloyd Dobins, reporter. Worked with W. Deming on the concept of Total Quality Management

“Increasing the performance of one element can only be done by increasing the performance of the entire system” - William Edwards Deming

Project life cycle

“A project is considered complete when it starts working for you, and not you for it” - Scott AllenMicrosoft

“Start at the beginning,” said the King solemnly, “and continue until you reach the end. Then stop!” — Lewis Carroll

“Like living organisms, projects have life cycles. After a slow start, they begin to grow, reach their peak, begin to slow down, and eventually die. (And like living organisms, projects do not want to die)" -

Quality

“Testing proves the presence of bugs, not their absence” - Woody Williams

“The tester will not destroy the system. This will be done by a user using a CD-ROM as a cup holder" - Cornelius Fitchner

“There are two types of software: bad software and the next release” - Cornelius Fitchner

“During debugging, young employees are more likely to insert corrective code, while experienced employees are more likely to remove bad code” - Frank R. Parth, PMP, Project Auditors LLC

Awards and recognition

“A good leader doesn’t do all the work himself. He also doesn't take all the awards for himself." Woody Williams

“If a team doesn’t reward and value overall contributions to the business, then what kind of team is it?” — Woody Williams

“Distribute rewards and recognition among everyone who took part and helped you” - Tom Peters

“Rewards and motivation are the lubricant for a project engine. Lubricate your project engine often and regularly" - Woody Williams

“True motivation comes from achievement, personal development, job satisfaction and recognition” - Frederick Herzberg

Risks and risk management

“Assumptions are the mother of all mistakes” - From the book 97 things everyone should know

“Project managers are the most creative professionals in the world; they must plan for everything that could go wrong before it happens." Frederic Haren, writer

“When a risk arises, if you are creative, it can be turned into an opportunity. However, with this opportunity, as a rule, certain risks are associated. Risks can be considered acceptable if the potential benefits exceed the potential losses" - Rory Burke

“In Chinese, “risk” and “opportunity” are written with the same character.” Isaac Adizes

Schedule and time

“It’s no use wishing for more time if you’ve already wasted what you had.” James Allen, writer

“It’s not difficult to complete a project 90%. The remaining 10% takes forever to be realized” — JohnEdwards;JimButler;BarryHill;SandraRussell

“Functional teams should not be allowed to stretch the project for the sake of improvements, improvements, or deeper analysis of a key risk.” Samuel J. Mantel Jr., Jack R. Meredith

“There is nothing more fragile and unstable than an airplane seat - except for the timing of the project” - JoyGumz

“You can get someone to sign up for unrealistic deadlines, but you can’t get them to complete a project within those deadlines.” John Edwards; Jim Butler; Barry Hill; Sandra Russell

"Don't do anything unless you have to" - Louis Fried

“Make an extended “results” sheet. Make a “necessary” and “possible” column. Make the second column as incomprehensible and ill-conceived as possible." Tom Peters

“My personal philosophy is not to take on a project unless it is extremely important and practically impossible.” Edwin Herbert Land, creator of "Polaroid"

“Focusing on important projects means fulfilling an important social function while generating profit” - Masami Iijima, Director of Misui&Co

Team and Leaders

“Any fool can identify a problem... A leader solves them!” — Anthony Robbins, author, business coach and life coach

“Find the right people. Then, no matter what you do, no matter what mistakes you make, people will get you out of any trouble. This is the job of a leader.” — Tom DeMarco, author of "Deadline: A Novel about Project Management" and others.

“If everyone on the team thinks the same, then someone is not thinking” - General Patton

“Management is doing things right. Leadership is about doing the right thing." Peter Drucker

“Most of the success depends on the team. Top-level managers have big egos, but even they should never say “I,” only “we.” –Sir Frank Lampl , founder and director of Bovis Lend Lease

“All those wonderful words that are said about teams are most often hypocrisy. Managers learn to say nice things about teams, even when the concept of a team scares them." Tom DeMarco

“The real problem is what to do with the problem solvers after the problem is solved.” Gay Talese, writer and journalist

“We look for leaders who are so good at their jobs that they can change the world around them and create harmony between that world and what they do with their team.” Tom DeMarco

“Everything we undertake must be in accordance with human nature. We cannot force people, we are obliged to guide their development" - Henry Gantt

Vision

“An effective leader helps others understand the need for change and embrace a shared vision of the future.” John Kotter, leadership and change guru

“Almost all of us mistake the boundaries of our own vision for the boundaries of the world” - Arthur Schopenhauer

“Good business leaders create a vision, articulate it clearly, and relentlessly drive it to completion.” Jack Welch

“Whoever has a “Why” to live will be able to withstand almost any “How” - Friedrich Nietzsche

“Imagination is more important than knowledge” - Albert Einstein

“It’s easy to see, it’s harder to foresee” - Benjamin Franklin

“Vision is the art of seeing what is invisible to others” - Jonathan Swift

Leading means not stopping good people from working.
Petr Leonidovich Kapitsa

Law of Management: All management is polished by wise resistance.
Leonid S. Sukhorukov

In the art of management you always remain a student.
Christina, Queen of Sweden

A well-established organization itself educates good employees and directs them.
I'M WITH. Ulitsky

It is sometimes more difficult to manage one person than an entire people.
Luc de Clapier Vauvenargues

The boss has all index fingers on his hands.
Leonid Krainov-Rytov

Running a company is like running a kite when it obeys your hand belatedly and repeats a given movement.
Vladimir Kostelman

To lead people, follow them.
Lao Tzu, Chinese philosopher

Managing means:
a) foresee - study the future and establish a program of action;
6) organize - build a double organism of the enterprise: material and social;
c) dispose - put into action the personnel of the enterprise;
d) coordinate - connect and unite, combine all actions and efforts;
e) control - observe that everything happens in accordance with established rules and orders.
Henri Fayol

07.09.12

The art of management is to not allow people to grow old in their positions.
Napoleon Bonaparte

Profit should come from more skillful business management: more brain in your work - brain and more brain.
Henry Ford

I repeat to my managers many times: if you don’t have the brains to do something better, copy it from the leader!
Igor Yakovlev

For the most part, employees leave their bosses, not their companies.
Robert Sutton

Dear bosses, you may well find yourself the victim of mutual deception, where you deceive yourself into believing that you are good at your job. But if you really knew how those who work for you feel, you would be shocked to find out that you are considered either an ass, or incompetent, or an incompetent ass.
Robert Sutton

It makes no sense to hire smart people and then tell them what to do. We hire smart people to tell us what to do.
Steve Jobs

Managers thinking about accounting problems should never forget one of Abraham Lincoln's favorite riddles:
- How many legs will a dog have if you call the tail a leg?
Answer:
- Four, because when we call the tail a leg, we don’t make it one.
Warren Buffett

Every evening, 95 percent of my company's assets go home in cars. My task is to create such working conditions that the next morning all these people will want to come back. The creativity they bring to the company creates a competitive advantage.
James Goodnight

Senior management should spend 40-50 percent of their time training and motivating their people.
Buck Rogers

Good management is about showing average people how to do the work of excellent people.
John Davison Rockefeller

It is necessary that conditions, and not managers, force people to work.
Ryutaro Hashimoto

01.12.10

Smart boss + smart subordinate = profit. Smart boss + dumb subordinate = productivity. Dumb boss + smart subordinate = promotion. Dumb boss + dumb subordinate = overtime.

10.10.10

The boss’s phrase: “I have an interesting, promising idea!” - a sure sign that you have a tedious, stupid job.

25.08.10

10 commandments of a slackerThey are born tired, but live to rest.
Love your bed as you love yourself.
If you see someone resting, help him.
Rest during the day so you can sleep at night.
Work is sacred, don't touch it!
If you can do something tomorrow, don't do it today.
Work as little as possible, let someone else do the work for you.
Calm down, no one has ever died from relaxation.
If you feel the desire to work, sit down, sit still, and everything will pass.
If work means health, then let the sick work.

26.07.10

Business is a game in which the one who knows the rules better wins, and the one who follows them loses.

Goals and their achievement 02/24/2010

To make a career, you should dress in all gray, stay in the shadows and not show initiative.
C. Talleyrand

Success is being on time.
M.I. Tsvetaeva

In serious matters, one should be concerned not so much about creating favorable opportunities as about not missing them.
F. La Rochefoucauld

: The great art of subjugating people lies in the ability to take them on the good side.

P.L. Kapitsa:

Leading means not stopping good people from working.

Sergey Myrdin:

Who needs control levers if they don't have brakes.

La Rochefoucauld:

It is easier for us to control people than to prevent them from controlling us.

Bernard Show :

The art of government is to organize idolatry.

Stas Yankovsky:

It is not the one who writes the laws who governs, but the one who signs them.

Lee Iacocca:

All management ultimately comes down to stimulating the activity of other people.

Lee Iacocca:

Management is nothing more than getting other people to work.

Thomas Jefferson:

The most difficult task for any official is to put the right person in the right place.

Thomas Jefferson:

The whole art of management consists in the art of being honest.

Robert McNamara:

Management is the most creative art, it is the art of arts, because it is the art of creating talents.

Pierre Buast:

It is more difficult to control those who crave fame and pleasure than those who want bread.

Pierre Buast:

We are going to manage things, but it turns out that things manage us.

Napoleon I Bonaparte:

It is in the interests of the state that officials are constantly replaced: if this principle is not observed, then appanage estates and seigneurial justice inevitably appear.

Napoleon I Bonaparte:

There should be no semi-responsibility in management: it inevitably leads to concealment of waste and failure to comply with laws.

In modern Russia, at all levels of management (state and corporate), there is a problem of ineffective management. To create a working toolkit for effective management, in our opinion, it makes sense to rely on the concentrated experience of the people, who, as we know, “live” in a compressed, coded form in various forms of folklore: fairy tales and parables, proverbs and sayings. At one time, K.G. Jung discovered that in all cultural creativity, in myths and legends, literature and painting, and even in dreams, certain stable motifs are found everywhere, at all times. These are archetypes.

According to Jung's theory, the soul consists of three interacting structures: the ego, the personal unconscious and the collective unconscious. If the ego is the basis of human self-awareness, which includes thoughts, feelings, memories and sensations, thanks to which we realize our integrity and perceive ourselves as people, and are also able to see the results of our conscious activities, then the personal unconscious contains suppressed (forgotten) thoughts and feelings , memories and human complexes.

The collective unconscious is a deeper layer in the structure of the personality. This is a repository of latent memory traces of humanity, where its entire history is recorded. The collective unconscious lives its own life, there is no past and present in it, but the work that began thousands of years ago continues. According to Jung, it contains the entire spiritual heritage of human evolution, reborn in the structure of the brain of each individual. It is a rich and vital source of wisdom.

To confirm our thought, we recall that one of the first works in the theory of decision making, apparently not at all by chance, was named by the future Nobel laureate in economics (1978) G. Simon “Management Sayings”.

Proverbs are strong for their semantic effect, which arises as a result of a special combination of syntactic and lexical forms. On this occasion A.M. Gorky noted that “proverbs and songs are always short, but whole books’ worth of intelligence and feelings are put into them.” To create such an effect, our ancestors used the following techniques: 1) brevity of the sentence and frequent combination of indefinite forms and verbs in the present tense or imperative mood; 2) parallelism a; 3) alliteration, assonance, rhyme and other sound mechanisms that make the utterance rhythmically compressed. They contributed to the generalization of the statement and the elevation of the proverb to the level of metaphor, in fact, turning it into a typical equivalent of an infinite number of situations. As a result, the combination of a number of techniques became a signal for the listener, capturing something like a discursive isotopy. Therefore, it is even customary to talk about a “proverbial style” that exists, as it were, outside of time.

According to the TSB definition, a proverb is a short, rhythmically organized, stable in speech, figurative saying of the people, with the ability to be used in multiple meanings according to the principle of analogy, and the subject of the statement is considered in the light of generally accepted truth (hence its ideological and emotional character). If many Russian proverbs consist of two proportionate, rhyming parts, then a saying, unlike a proverb, does not contain a general instructive meaning and is not a complete sentence. According to the figurative thought of V.I. Dahl, a proverb is “a coherent short speech, current among the people, but not constituting a complete proverb.” It is a figurative allusion to the proverb, its substitute (for example, “a dog in the manger,” or “seven nannies”).

A huge number of proverbs and sayings are learned by a person in the process of his emergence and development, first of all, in the family, at school, in the yard, and then in other institutions of the social environment. This is a normal process. That is why the facts indicating deformations in the transmission of this most important social information for people’s lives in modern families are alarming. For example, in the fall of 2008, teachers of gymnasium No. 2 in Yekaterinburg, as part of the erudite competition “EMU” (Erudite-Marathon of Students), children of 2nd grade were offered a fairly simple task: “Say a word - add a proverb!” which included the following proverbs: “The courage of the city...”, “Under a lying stone, water does not...”, “Do not butter porridge...”. The result of the competition greatly saddened the teachers - only a few of the 73 second-grade students at the gymnasium completed the task completely. The remaining children either did not answer at all or gave completely incorrect answers. That is why the project “Proverbs in the Modern World” was started at the gymnasium. As a result of the implementation of the project, during repeated testing within the framework of the city competition of scholars "EMU", the results of children radically improved: 53% of children gave one incorrect answer out of five problems, while only 7% of children made two mistakes, and 40% of children completed the task without errors.

The development of mankind has convincingly proven that it is necessary to cultivate an appeal to proverbs and sayings throughout a person’s life, because they have enormous educational value. Proverbs “live” a wealth of life experience that has been passed down from generation to generation for centuries. The laconicism of proverbs often makes people think and even understand the hidden secret and deep meanings. After all, more is “sealed” in them than is expressed by the system of words. Discussing the means of representing entities, the Taoist sage Zhuang Tzu wrote: “To catch fish you need nets; but now the fish is caught and people forget about the nets... Words are needed to convey ideas; but having grasped the ideas, people forget about the words...” Proverbs are compressed linguistic forms, means of energetically lightweight, “without unnecessary waste of mental energy” (according to R. Descartes), transferring the accumulated experience of ancestors from generation to generation. These are amazing linguistic constructs that have hidden “phantom” elements, written in natural language, understandable, of course, only to people – bearers of the national mentality.

Their timelessness is due to “fixed” ways of resolving contradictions. Any proverb represents a dialectical unity of the singular and the plural; in almost each of them an ensemble of methods for resolving contradictions is implemented. That is why linguistic scientists talk about the difficulties of classifying proverbs (thematic or alphabetical) and note that polysemy makes proverbs difficult to interpret. In other words, each folk proverb reflects specific acts of socio-economic life in a concentrated (“granular”) form.

That is why we previously proposed the use of proverb systems as educational situations (cases) in teaching. Similar ideas for using parables in training and consulting are promoted by many foreign and domestic experts: P. Hawkins, A.Yu. Ivanov, K.Yu. Kononovich et al.

Proverbs and sayings are deeply metaphorical, and metaphor is a type of symbolic language that has been used for centuries for teaching purposes. A metaphor speaks of something as if it were something else. It has obvious and hidden meaning, while maintaining semantic unity. Metaphor is a subtle tool for working with the psyche. According to psychologist D. Jaynes from the USA, metaphor is a primary experience that serves a dual purpose: (1) to describe experiences, which subsequently (2) can establish new models in consciousness that expand the boundaries of subjective experience. In addition, metaphor has the most valuable quality - its ability to block the resistance of consciousness. It is no coincidence that psychologists have long paid attention to its psychotherapeutic value.

The founders of neurolinguistic programming, J. Bandler and R. Grinder, observing the work of Milton Erickson, built their theory of the impact of metaphor: 1) metaphor represents the surface structure of meaning, directly expressed in the words of the story; 2) the surface structure activates the associated deep structure of meaning, indirectly related to the listener; 3) this, in turn, activates the returned deep structure of meaning that is directly relevant to the listener. Approaching the third stage means: a transderivative search has begun, with the help of which the listener relates the metaphor to himself. The storyline itself is only a bridge between the listener and the message hidden in the story, which will not reach the addressee without his invisible work to establish the necessary personal connection with the metaphor. Once the connection is established, the interaction begins between the story and the listener's awakened inner world. Archetypal psychology prefers not to give interpretation - it moves away from the personal towards allegory and metaphor, concentrating on images rather than on their translation.

V.K. has long written about the importance of relying on parables, proverbs and aphorisms in the training of managers in his books. Tarasov, R.A. Fatkhutdinov, V.M. Shepel, V.Z. Chernyak et al. O.V. Emelyanov rightly believes that it is extremely unwise to ignore the experience accumulated over centuries and believe exclusively in foreign management gurus. After all, no new schemes, models and forecasts can replace the invaluable wisdom of our ancestors, accumulated mainly in folklore, which must be used in the mode of “live” cases. There seems to be a great variety of functions (purposes) and methods (options) of “involving proverbs and sayings into economic circulation” - from basic tests of literacy and the outlook of managers to complex diagnostic procedures and special socio-psychological and game communication trainings on the formation of the foundations of organizational culture in companies.

It is curious that the bank of folk proverbs contains all the means for this. After all, according to language researchers, proverbs “...invade all areas of human existence, human hopes, thoughts, assessments of neighbors - relatives, neighbors, authorities, big and small bosses, social orders, institutions, laws, courts, expected and real justice, everyday customs, the course of life, the soul of a person, his health, character, character, causes and consequences of his various actions.” It is no coincidence that for the vastness and depth of N.V.’s meanings. Gogol called proverbs “the hundred-eyed Argus.” In other words, when creating a huge bank of proverbs, our ancestors have already carried out titanic methodological work, so all we can do is competently, carefully and targetedly use this countless wealth.

In the vast field of management activities, it is advisable to group proverbs and sayings according to functional characteristics, i.e. on the main functions of the control subsystem, namely: 1) on goal setting; 2) planning; 3) by motivation; 4) on control; 5) on developing management decisions; 6) on communication; 7) on the implementation of leadership; 8) to ensure operational efficiency. At the same time, the levels of performance of each management function, in our opinion, need to be described dialectically, in the spirit of the works of Charles Osgood - across the entire width of oppositional (polar) scales, illustrating them with opposite-additional (complementary) pairs of proverbs and sayings (Table 1).

Table 1 – Fragment of illustration of functions for managing complementary pairs of proverbs and sayings

	Function execution levels	Examples of proverbs
Goal sex	Realistic - unrealistic	“God imposes a cross by force” – “This kvass is not about you”
	Tension - relaxation	“What is taken in battle is sacred” - “We groaned all day until evening, but there was nothing to eat for dinner”
	Balance – imbalance	“Whose field is his will” - “It was smooth on paper, but they forgot about the ravines”
	Concentration - blur	“Look at the root” - “If you chase two hares, you won’t catch either”
Planned	The primacy of perspective over the current and not	You’re going to die, but this rye”) - “After us, even a flood” (“The saber is sharp, but the head is empty”)
	Harmony short-, medium- and long-term – disharmony	“A year is not a week, Pokrov is not a grouse, Peter’s day is not two days away” (“Eat from hunger, love from a young age”) - “They don’t dance at two weddings at once”
	Relying on available resources is wasteful	“Stretch your legs according to your clothes” (“The spool is small, but expensive”) - “He was smart from a young age, but in his old age he dies of hunger”
	Involving executives in planning – isolation	“Our sirs, it’s your will: at least carry firewood for us, just don’t put too much” - “We ourselves have a mustache” (“He harnesses it himself, drives it himself, goes on a visit himself”)
Motivations	The significance of incentives - their insignificance	“You can’t be resurrected from purity, you can’t crack from filth” (“I want to eat fish, but I don’t want to get into the water”) - “Whoever serves as wind is paid with smoke”
	Adequacy – inadequacy of reward	“Everything is in time for a good thief” (“Every shoe fits a bare foot”) - “If only there were a trough, there would be pigs”
	Taking into account needs: individual and collective	“Every bird has its own habits” (“It’s own shirt is closer to the body”) - “A monk married for company” (“For the sake of a dear friend and an earring from his ear”)
	Whether or not the reward model is attractive	“Where there are pancakes, it’s fine” (“Paris is good, but Kurtamysh lives too”) - “You have a cookie, you can buy whatever you want with it”
	There is room for error and there is none	“He who lies in the ground does not sin” - “Just fall off your feet, but the pokes will not matter”
	Equalization and rejection of it	“Earrings for all sisters” - “As much as you feed a dog, such is its catching”
Control	Presence and absence of control	“I aimed at a crow, but hit a cow” - “If you don’t look with your eye, you’ll pay with your side” (“Until the thunder strikes”)
	Combination of control and self-control	“Not everything is with faith, but also with measure” - “Do not believe other people’s words, but believe your own eyes”
	Personal and collective responsibility	“Look to the root” - “Seven nannies have a child without an eye”
	Deviations are acceptable and not	“Shoot cannons at sparrows” - “What’s awkward is wrong”
Communications	A leader's ability to listen more than talk	“He who speaks sows; he who listens collects” (“Although he is not a carpenter, but a hunter to listen”) - “He insists that Jacob’s forty is the same for everyone.”
	Perception or not of someone else's opinion	“To talk to you about catching the sun with a bag” - “I rang the bell and out of the bell tower”
	Hear everyone and everyone	“Every Paul has his own truth” (“Every Filat in his own way”) - “every Jacob blathers to himself”
	Information is confidential and publicly available	“Eat pies with mushrooms, and keep your mouth shut” (“fear the highest, don’t say too much”) - “good silence is better than bad grumbling”
Developing a management solution	Taking into account and not taking into account the time factor	“Strike while the iron is hot” - “You can’t step into the same river twice” (“They don’t carry the dead from the graveyard”)
	Forecast of consequences or lack of forecast	“He is good who gives water and food, and he is not bad who remembers bread and salt” - “Thought is beyond the seas, but death is behind us”
	Competence - incompetence	“The know-it-all is running, the know-nothing is lying on the stove” - “To stir up someone else’s heap is just to dust your eyes”
	Rationality - irrationality	“When you take off your head, you don’t cry over your hair” - “We have all sorts of things in stock from the summer”
	Fear (and not) of uncertainty	“Nobody knows: neither the cat, nor the she-cat, nor the priest Eroshka” - “If you are afraid of wolves, do not go into the forest”
Leadership Realizations	Personal responsibility - lack of it	“To the boss - the first glass and the first stick” (“First in advice, first in response”) - “A thin uterus will crumple everyone’s house”
	Unity of command - dual power	“If there was a mace, there would be a head” - “Two bears will not get along in one den.”
	Focus on actions, not words	“To bullshit is not to plow” (“A bird is visible in its flight”) - “Well done against the sheep, and against the well done the sheep itself”
	Will – flexibility, ambition – modesty	“The boss needs both a wolf’s mouth and a fox’s tail,” “For a penny of ammunition, but for a ruble of ambition” - “He who is modest deserves great honor”
	Combination of studying at home and outside	“If you have wealth, you will also have skills” (“Where you were born, you will come in handy”) – “The foreign side will add intelligence”
Provisions efficiency	Organized - let things take their course	“If you read too much, you won’t have enough in your pocket,” “They ate, drank, had fun, counted, and they shed tears.”
	Focus on the final (current) result	“Chickens are counted in the fall” - “Don’t tell me until you’ve jumped over” (“It’s not the money that grandma has, but what’s in her pocket”)
	Reasonable and unreasonable business lending	“There is no flour at home, so ask Luke” (“We live in labor, in sins, but on our own feet”) - “As you trample, so you dig” (“In debt - like silk”)
	Knowledge of the role of profit and cost centers	“One with a bipod, and seven with a spoon” - “Three money a day - wherever you want, there and a day”
	Combination of advantages of workers of different ages	“The old horse won’t ruin the furrow” (“The old raven won’t caw past”) - “He grew up, but he couldn’t stand it” (“Old and a rooster, young and rotten”)

At the end of the article, we note that currently there is an active process of the Russian economy (as part of the whole) entering the world economy, its catalyst is accelerated globalization. Company leaders and many managers have, on the one hand, to speak the same language with foreign partners and participate in joint projects, appealing to common authorities. This is our conscious choice. On the other hand, due to the technological backwardness that has occurred over the past twenty years in a number of sectors of the economy, some leaders are experiencing a certain erosion of national identity, and sometimes the sense of pride in domestic achievements disappears (like “Ivan, who does not remember kinship”). And that's wrong.

When it comes to our mentality, the Russian national character, the first and immediate association always and immediately appears is “soul”. Usually this association is accompanied by a constant epithet - “mysterious”, which is largely due to the famous saying of W. Churchill that “the Russian soul is a puzzle, shrouded in mystery, enclosed in a riddle.” This is exactly how the Russian soul appears to foreigners who talk and write about it - some with admiration, and some with ridicule. Many people are unable to understand Russians. Surprisingly, F.I. expressed this accurately. Tyutchev, who wrote the famous words: “Russia cannot be understood with the mind, nor can it be measured with a common yardstick. She has become something special – you can only believe in Russia.” Russian national character is reflected not only in the behavior of the Russian people, but, above all, in the Russian language, especially in Russian proverbs and sayings.

In the Russian language dictionary S.I. Ozhegov’s mentality is defined as “comprehension of the world, primarily with the help of images, colored by emotional and value orientations, closely related to traditions, mood, feelings.” It is reliably based on centuries-old folk wisdom and deep layers of identity and spirituality that have come down to us from our ancestors in the form of fairy tales and parables, proverbs and sayings. The vast majority of these amazing works of folklore, as shown by the analysis we carried out in this article, represent an excellent toolkit for creating effective management systems in the future and improving organizational culture at enterprises in our country.

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