Articulation gymnastics for children: description, effective exercises. How to do articulation gymnastics? Articulation gymnastics exercises for children and adults

Already in the family, the task of loved ones begins to be laid down - to create conditions under which the child can easily acquire speech skills. Developmental deficiencies can lead to an inability to express one's own thoughts and poor school performance. If a child has poor speech skills, as a rule, he does not study well. 3-4 years old will help in a playful way to learn to talk and pronounce sounds correctly.

Articulation gymnastics

Articulatory gymnastics is a whole set of exercises aimed at helping a child improve the functioning of the articulatory organs, increase strength and range of movements, and develop the accuracy of the position of the tongue and lips in the pronunciation of a certain sound. Articulation gymnastics for children 3-4 years old trains the organs of sound pronunciation. Speech plays a huge role in the mental development of a child. By the quality of pronunciation as a whole, one can judge general development. Children aged 2-3 years reach the peak of speech development; they can already pronounce the simplest sounds, both voiceless and voiced X, V, F, G, D, K, N, O. Already at 3-4 years old the sounds S, E, L, Y.

Physiologically, babies do not immediately become ready to pronounce complex sounds, so they need to train their tongue. Adults should help improve vocabulary. You need to have a conversation with the child, and he should talk in sentences about his family, about the weather, about what he is doing. Articulation gymnastics will help you master the basics of pronunciation of sounds. Photos of children confirm that children are happy only when they have full communication with both other peers and adults. Speech plays a major role in the formation of relationships. It cannot be an innate ability and requires constant development.

The condition for the development of sound pronunciation is the coordinated work of the articulatory apparatus (tongue, lips, palate, lower jaw). The main goal of any articulatory gymnastics is the development of full-fledged movements, skills of correct pronunciation of sounds, and strengthening the muscles of the speech apparatus.

If a child has difficulties with sound pronunciation and he has lessons with a speech therapist, doing articulatory gymnastics, he will quickly prepare his speech apparatus for pronouncing the most complex sounds. Also, clear pronunciation of various sounds is the basis for learning to write. A complex of articulatory gymnastics for children must be performed following some recommendations:

At the initial stages of classes, all exercises are performed very slowly; it is better to do this in front of a mirror so that the child controls his actions. Ask your baby leading questions: what does the tongue do? Where is he now? What do lips do?

It is better to exercise in the mornings and evenings, for 5-7 minutes. The lesson time depends on the child’s perseverance. Classes should not be forced.

At the age of 3-4 years, make sure that the basic movements are mastered.

At the age of 4 to 5 years, the requirements increase - movements should become smoother and clearer, without twitching.

From the age of 6 to 7 years, children should do everything at a fast pace, while being able to hold the tongue for a while without changes.

It should be recalled that articulatory gymnastics only prepares for the pronunciation of sounds; it cannot replace classes with a speech therapist!

Exercises on the sounds S, C, Z

Articulation gymnastics for children 3-4 years old includes a complex for the pronunciation of whistling sounds S, C, Z.

"Fence". Smile and show rows of clenched teeth. The top row should be located exactly above the bottom. The position is held for up to 7 seconds. Repeat 5 times.

"Elephant". Clench your teeth, and at this time pull your lips forward like a tube. Hold for up to 7 seconds. Repeat 4-5 times.

Exercises “Fence” and “Elephant” alternate. In this case, the lower jaw is motionless. Repeat 5 times.

“Brushing our teeth.” Smiling, open your mouth wide. The tongue behind the teeth moves left and right (first it slides along the top row, then along the bottom). The lower jaw is motionless. Repeat 5 times.

"Sore Thumb" Lightly pinch the protruding tip of the tongue with your lips, exhale air so that it passes through the middle - blow on your finger. Inhale deeply, exhale smoothly. Repeat 4-5 times.

"Slide". Show your teeth, smile broadly. The tip of the tongue should rest on the lower teeth. In this case, the back of the tongue rises up. Hold position until five. Repeat 5 times.

"Ice slide" Repeat the “Slide” and press with your index finger, holding back the resistance of the tongue. Hold until five. Repeat 4-5 times.

Exercises on the sounds Zh, Sh, Shch, Ch

Articulation gymnastics for these sounds for children 3-4 years old involves repeating the “Fence” and “Elephant” exercises and additionally includes the following:

"Naughty tongue." Slap the flat tip of the tongue with your lips, pronouncing “five-five-five-five...” at the same time. Repeat this 5 times.
"Pancake on a plate." Place the tip of the tongue on the lower lip. Say “five” once, do not move your tongue, your mouth is slightly open. Stay in this position for 5-10 seconds. Repeat 5 times.
"Delicious jam." Licking your upper lip. The lower row of teeth should be visible; to do this, pull the lower lip down. Repeat 5 times.
"Turkey". Take a deep breath, mouth slightly open, you need to move the tip of your tongue back and forth along your upper lip at a fast pace, while saying “bl-bl-bl...”. The sound lasts up to 7 seconds.
“Blowing on the bangs.” Raise the tip of the tongue above the lip and blow upward. The cheeks are inflated, air passes through the middle of the tongue. Repeat 5 times.
"Cup". Smile widely, show your teeth, stick out your tongue, fold it so that it resembles a cup. Hold for up to 10 seconds. Repeat 5 times.

Exercises on sounds L, R

Repeat the exercises “Fence” and “Elephant”. Then alternate these two exercises.

Repeat the “Brushing your teeth” exercise.

Repeat the “Delicious jam” exercise.

"Painter". Open your mouth wide. The tongue is a tassel. We paint the ceiling (sky) - move the tongue forward, backward, left, right. The brush should not come off the ceiling. The tongue does not pop out of the teeth. Repeat 6 times.

"Horse". Open your mouth a little, show your teeth, smile. We begin to click our tongue alternately quickly and slowly. We take short breaks to rest. The tongue is sucked to the roof of the mouth, then flops down. In this case, the lower jaw does not move.

"Fungus". Open your mouth slightly and show your teeth. Click your tongue and then suck it to the roof of your mouth and hold for up to 10 seconds. The frenulum is the stem of the mushroom, the tongue is the cap. Repeat 3 times.

"Harmonic". We repeat “Mushroom”, while holding our tongue, opening our mouth wide, and then clenching our teeth. Let's alternate. Repeat up to 8 times.

Exercises for lips and cheeks

Breathing and articulation gymnastics for preschool children is very important for the development and formation of the articulatory apparatus. In a playful way, perform the following exercises for the lips and cheeks with your children:

Cheek massage. Rub and pat your cheeks. Gently bite them from the inside. The exercise is performed while bathing or washing.
"Fed hamster." Close your lips and unclench your teeth. Take a breath, cheeks puffed out. First both, then alternately. Hold for 5 seconds.
"Hungry Hamster" It's the other way around. Pull your cheeks inward, you can help with your hands.
"The balloon burst." Take a deep breath, lips closed. Puff out your cheeks and slap them with your hands to release the air.

"Chick." Open your mouth wide, take in air, as if yawning. Make sure your tongue is relaxed. Exhale completely. Repeat 3 times.

"Elephant". Inhale, stretch out your lips and as you exhale say “oo-oo-oo-oo...”. Hold for up to 5 seconds. Repeat 3 times.

Exercises for the lower jaw

Articulation gymnastics for children 3 years old includes exercises for mobility of the lower jaw:

"Chick". Open and close your mouth wide open. At the same time, the lips smile, and the “chick”-tongue sits behind the lower teeth. Perform the exercise rhythmically and counting.
"Sharks". Open your mouth slightly. On the count of “one” - the jaw to the right, “two” - to the place, “three” - the jaw to the left, “four” - to the place”, “five” - the jaw forward, “six” - to the place. Perform the movement very smoothly and slowly.
We imitate chewing with the mouth open and then with the mouth closed.
"Monkey." Open your mouth, the jaw stretches down, at the same time the tongue stretches down as much as possible.
"Strongman." Open your mouth. Imagine that there is a weight hanging on your beard. We close our mouth, imagining resistance. Relax. Repeat. You can create an obstacle with your hands.

Tongue exercises

Articulation gymnastics for the tongue for children is represented by the following exercises:

"Spatula". The kid sees a picture with a shovel. Opens his mouth in a smile. A wide tongue rests on the lower lip. Hold the tongue for 30 seconds, do not purse your lower lip.
“Brushing our teeth.” The mouth is slightly open, we smile. Using the tip of the tongue, we draw it from the inside along the teeth, touching each one separately. First one way. We rested. Now to the other one.
"Watch." The child sees an image of a clock with a pendulum. The mouth is wide open. Use your tongue to touch one corner of your mouth, then the other. The lower jaw is motionless.
"Horse". Click your tongue like a horse's hooves. Start the exercise slowly, speeding up the pace (the horse galloped faster). Only the tongue should work, the jaw does not move. You can hold your chin with your hands. Repeat 6 times.
"Catch the mouse." Open your mouth, smile. Place your tongue on your lower lip with a spatula. While saying “ah-ah-ah...”, gently bite the tip of the tongue. The mouse was caught. Repeat 5 times.
"Nuts." Mouth closed. With tension we touch the inside of our cheeks with our tongue. Now on the right, now on the left. At the same time, hold the position for 5 seconds. Use your fingers on the outside to control the movements and hold your tongue. Repeat 6 times.

Articulation gymnastics for children (fairy tales)

All children love to play. Many teaching methods are based on the game. Articulation gymnastics is no exception. Many teachers use articulation gymnastics for children in poetry and fairy tales. Kids are happy to join in the game.

"The Tale of the Tongue." Yazychok lived in his house. Who knows what kind of house this is? Guess it.

This house has red doors,

And next to them are white animals,

These little animals love buns very much.

Who guessed? This house is our little mouth.

In the house, the doors close and open. Like this (open and close your mouth together).

The mischievous Tongue does not sit still, often runs out of his house (stick out his tongue).

Tongue went out to warm up and sunbathe in the sun (his tongue was like a “shovel” on his lower lip).

The breeze blew, the tongue shrank (roll up), went into the house, closed the door (hide the tongue, lips closed).

It became cloudy outside and the rain started pouring down. (We hit the teeth with our tongue, while pronouncing “d-d-d-d...”).

At home, Tongue is not bored. He gave milk to the kitten. (Open your mouth, move your tongue along your upper lip). The kitten licked its lips and yawned sweetly. (Run your tongue over your lips and open your mouth wide).

The tongue looked at the tick-tock watch. (The mouth is open, the tip of the tongue touches the corners of the mouth one by one.) The cat curled up into a ball and fell asleep. “It’s time to sleep,” Tongue decided. (Hide your tongue behind your teeth and close your lips).

Junior group

Articulation gymnastics for children of the younger group consists of the simplest exercises. In the 1st grade, children have not yet developed hissing, sonorant, and whistling sounds. The main task here is to master the movements of the organs of the articulatory apparatus. It is necessary to develop auditory attention, pitch, strength of the voice, duration of inhalation and exhalation, clarify the pronunciation of the sounds “mu-mu”, “kva-kva”, “knock-knock”, etc.

The 2nd younger group gets acquainted with more complex movements of the articulatory apparatus. The lips smile, the teeth are exposed, the tongue rises up, is held, and moves from side to side. The exercises used are “air stream” for breathing, “proboscis”, “smile”, “fence” for lip movement, “scapula”, “watch”, “painter”, “horse” for the tongue.

Middle group

Articulation gymnastics for children of the middle group consolidates the exercises received. New concepts are introduced - upper, lower lip, lower, upper teeth. The movements of the tongue are refined, it becomes narrow and wide. We learn to pronounce sonorant, hissing sounds correctly. The requirements for articulatory gymnastics are increasing.

Senior group

Articulation gymnastics for preschool children in the senior group reinforces all the material covered. Children know the concept of the back of the tongue. All exercises are performed smoothly and clearly. The organs of articulation must quickly switch from one exercise to the next, and must be held steadily for some time. The teacher strictly monitors correct execution. Movements should become clear, practiced, easy, and familiar over time. You can conduct classes at any pace.

Preparatory group

Articulation gymnastics for preschool children in the preparatory group clarifies all movements of the tongue. Exercises are used to differentiate various sounds. At the same time, the child develops phonemic hearing. Using fairy tales more often in classes helps children quickly learn the correct actions. In the game, the sounds are transformed and fit better on the ear. Children enjoy becoming heroes of fairy tales themselves.

When the baby funny distorts his first words, the parents listen to him with emotion, retelling the child’s “pearls” to their relatives and friends. Of course, this is age-related and often goes away over time, but it is not as harmless as it might seem.

Why do you need gymnastics?

Speech defects can seriously poison a child’s life, because they often become a reason for jokes and ridicule among children.

Incorrect pronunciation of sounds occurs due to imperfections of the articulatory apparatus. This is the name given to the set of organs involved in the production of sound: larynx, lips, tongue, jaw, etc. And just as parents develop the child’s physical abilities through physical education, these organs need gymnastics.

The goal of articulatory gymnastics is the development of the speech apparatus, improvement and development of its movements.

Does everyone need it, and why do the exercises if it’s too early to talk about speech defects? Everyone. For children 2–4 years old, it will help strengthen the muscles of the articulatory apparatus and gain tongue mobility. By the age of 5–7 years, existing violations can be corrected. It is important to understand here that the sooner you start classes, the more likely a positive result is. Closer to school age and in the primary grades, speech defects are very difficult and sometimes impossible to correct even with a speech therapist.

Sometimes children pronounce sounds correctly, but due to the sluggishness of sound pronunciation, the result is “porridge in the mouth.” This phenomenon is considered an unexpressed deviation in speech development and is called an erased form of dysarthria.

Basic rules of gymnastics

Classes should become a system for you and your child; only regular training can give results. What else you need to know:

the duration of the “tongue exercise” depends on the baby’s fatigue, but no more than 10 minutes;
during classes, the baby sits in front of the mirror to see his tongue;
never force your baby, it’s better to turn training into a game;
classes are conducted at a measured pace, 4 – 5 exercises per session;
if it is difficult for your baby to repeat an articulatory movement after you, help him with the handle of a teaspoon;
The parents’ task is to monitor the correctness and smoothness of the actions, otherwise gymnastics makes no sense.

If gymnastics is difficult for a preschooler, his tongue trembles and does not obey, it is better to consult a speech therapist. Perhaps the baby needs a special massage.

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Types of exercises

Articulation exercises can be static (the tongue is fixed motionless in a certain position) and dynamic (all organs of the speech apparatus participate).

Static exercises

When performing them, it is important not only to show the position of the tongue, but also to hold the pose for about 7 – 10 seconds.

"Spatula". Open your mouth wide and place your relaxed tongue on your lower lip.

"Mushroom". We suck our tongue to the palate and open our mouth as much as possible.

"Proboscis". Pull the closed lips forward as much as possible with a “tube” and hold for 5 – 10 seconds.

Dynamic exercises

The exercises are performed by counting, where the position of the speech organs rhythmically changes.

"Watch". We open our mouths and smile. We make the tongue narrow, with its tip reaching towards the corners of the mouth.

"Swing" . We open our mouth and stretch our tongue either to the chin or to the nose.

"Where's the candy?" Lips are closed, we alternately rest our tongue on each cheek.

"Horse". We fix the tongue, as in the “mushroom” exercise, and click strongly.

As you can see, the movements are very simple, and you can perform them even without a speech therapist.

Age characteristics of children and gymnastics

It’s still too early to do articulation gymnastics with infants, but an eight-month-old baby is quite capable of repeating some actions after an adult: puffing out his cheeks, sticking out his tongue, pronouncing simple combinations of sounds. For example, you can snort with your baby while changing clothes or washing your face.

For children 2 – 3 years old

Full-fledged classes for the development of the articulatory apparatus should begin at two years of age. It’s too early to talk about staging the most problematic sounds - hissing, sonorous and whistling. Therefore, the main goal of the work at this stage is to develop auditory attention, become familiar with the strength and pitch of the voice, control the duration of oral inhalation, and clarify the pronunciation of onomatopoeic combinations (meow-meow, ko-ko, boom-boom).

"Ball" . Ask your baby to puff out his cheeks and deflate them. If he doesn't succeed right away, lightly press on them. Subsequently, you can inflate your cheeks one by one.

"Guess what." Prepare hot and cold water, a teaspoon. When the child closes his eyes, touch the lips of the tongue with the device and ask him to guess what kind of water the spoon has been in.

"House". Opening his mouth (house), the baby shows his tongue, then hides it again.

"Gates" . Opening your mouth wide, you need to secure the position (5 – 7 seconds).

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For children 3 – 4 years old

The purpose of the classes is to introduce the organs of speech and their functions (lips smile, stretch out like a tube; the lower jaw helps to open and close the mouth; the tongue moves up, down, in a circle, right and left).

Smile and hold this position for the count.

"Delicious jam". Ask your baby to pretend to lick the jam from his lips. First from the top, then from the bottom.

From the exercises described above, children learn to perform “Spatula”, “Clock”, “Swing”, “Horse”.

The use of pictures that clearly show how to perform the exercise and what needs to be depicted will add a playful character to articulatory gymnastics. Funny poems will also help entertain the baby.

For children 4 – 5 years old

Purpose of the work: consolidation of old and introduction of new concepts: upper and lower lips, teeth; wide and narrow language; bumps behind teeth. The requirements for the exercises being performed increase, and the pace of work increases.

"Needle". Open your mouth, push your tongue forward as much as possible, making it narrow.

Smiling, we open our mouth wide. The tip of the tongue rests on the tubercle behind the lower teeth. The position is held.

"Let's brush our teeth". The mouth is wide open again, a smile on the lips. With the tip of the tongue we make movements reminiscent of brushing teeth from the inside (right-left). Only the tongue works, the rest of the organs are motionless.

For children 5 – 7 years old

Purpose of the work: to give an idea of the back of the tongue. The execution of the exercises studied is flawless and brought to the point of automaticity. The child easily performs complexes in which he easily and quickly changes the position of organs. For example, after hearing such a verse, the baby will perform “proboscis”, “smile” and house.”

By this age, it is already noticeable which speech defects need to be corrected. Therefore, exercises are selected individually for each child. It is also important to pay attention to the development of phonemic hearing, because school is just around the corner, and how will a child write letters if he cannot distinguish them by ear?

"Clap Your Hands". The adult names the sounds, and the preschooler claps his hands (crouches, raises his hand) when he hears the pre-agreed sound. The task can be complicated by pronouncing not sounds, but words in which the desired sound occurs.

"Replace the sound". The adult calls the word, the child replaces one of the sounds. For example, “Replace the first sound with [r] and say what you get: squeak - ..isk.”

How it was:

“Tasty” games that are good for speech

Children love to play, and they also love sweets. Tiring activities for the development of speech organs can be diversified with the help of confectionery products, for example, sticks and lollipops.

Suck in the spaghetti jelly, stretching your lips into a tube.
Fix the stick under your nose using your upper lip, as if it were a mustache.
The task is the same, only now the tongue and upper lip are involved.
The mouth is open, a stick is placed on the tongue. The baby's goal is to keep her in balance.
The lollipop lies on the tongue as if in a cup. The mouth is open.
Licking the lollipop from different sides, in a circle.

It's better to watch it once...

If you still have questions about organizing speech gymnastics, watch the free video tutorials on the Gift for Children website.

A professional speech pathologist will show and explain all the intricacies of working with children of each age group.

There you can get a free consultation with a specialist.
Speech is a wonderful gift that nature has bestowed only on humans. But for a child to speak, it takes time and the support of parents, who will help not only overcome, but also prevent possible problems.

Articulation gymnastics, developed by speech therapists, contains exercises that help children develop the dynamism and dexterity of their lips, tongue and cheeks. In addition, such actions help to practice a certain position of the speech organs in order to pronounce the required sounds.

A significant goal of gymnastic articulation classes is considered to be working on the correct positioning of the speech organs for pronouncing any sounds. The sooner adults see a child’s speech defects and begin organizing classes to correct them, the easier and higher the chances of getting rid of the pathology.

Articulation gymnastics will help:

Types of articulatory gymnastics

Articulation gymnastics for children contains exercises that are divided into the following categories:

static;
dynamic;
passive;
active.

During static exercises, the speech organs freeze in the proper form for 4-7 seconds. Dynamic exercises involve the measured execution of repeated actions, which helps develop mobility of the lips and tongue.

Passive exercises are suitable for infants or children with complex speech impairments. They are performed by parents or specialists with their fingers. The child carries out active exercises independently.

In addition to exercises that help develop speech organs, fairy tales and games are used. They interest the child in the course of the lesson, simplifying the exercises and speeding up the correction of speech pathologies.

Basic Rules

To carry out articulation gymnastics it is necessary to:

Classes for children 4 years old

Exercise name	Execution technique
"Window"	Hold the position of your open mouth with your tongue hidden for a while, after which close your mouth.
"Brush"	Form a smile, move the end of your tongue along the back walls of all teeth when opening your mouth.
"Kneading the dough"	Fold your lips into a smile; they are separated; teeth are open. Demonstrate and press your tongue with your lips, say: “me-me-me.” Then press your tongue with your incisor teeth and repeat the syllables.
"Bowl"	Lips in a smiling form. While opening your mouth, demonstrate a wide tongue and slightly point its end towards the nose, giving it the image of a bowl.
"Watch"	Form a smile from your lips. When opening the mouth, the end of the tongue extends to the right corner of the mouth, then to the left.
"Sweet Jam"	The lips are pursed in the shape of a smile. When opening the mouth, direct the end of the wide tongue to the upper lip and move it.
"Dudka"	Bring your teeth together, tighten your lips, moving them forward without weakening.
"Fence"	With effort, form your lips into an elongated smile, demonstrating the connected upper and lower teeth.
"Painter"	Extend your lips into a smile; With the end of your tongue, while opening your mouth, touch the hard palate and move it forward and backward.
"Mushroom"	The lips are folded in the form of a smile. Click your tongue while imagining riding horses; subsequently pull the tongue towards the upper jaw and maintain the position for a certain time.
"Harmonic"	Pull your lips into a smile; pull the tongue towards the upper jaw; leaving your tongue in this position, click your teeth.
"Cat"	Pull your lips into a smile. With the end of your tongue, while opening your mouth, touch the lower incisors and push into them. Form a mountain with your tongue, still pushing with its end from the lower incisors.
"Catching a Mouse"	Pull your lips into a smile. Draw out: “a-a-a-a-a-a.” Next, stick out your tongue and grab its end with your incisors.
"Horse"	Form a tube with your lips, opening your mouth slightly and clicking like a horse.
"Elephant"	Pull your lips forward, forming an elephant's trunk. Next, suck in air, imitating that the elephant is drinking and smack.
"Turkey Talk"	Touch your tongue to your upper lip and move it briskly, opening your mouth, saying: “Ba-ba-ba-ba-ba.”
"Nuts"	Place your lips together. Push your tongue into your cheeks one at a time.
"Pump"	Connect your lips, round your cheeks and deflate. The lips do not part.
"Drumsticks"	Mouth in the form of a wide smile. Touch the tip of your tongue to the back wall of the teeth of the upper jaw and say: “de-de-de-de.”
"Goal"	At the moment you open your mouth, press your tongue with your lips and blow, pushing out your wide tongue. The cheeks remain unexpanded.

For children 5 years old

Exercise name	Execution technique
"Fence"	Pull your lips into a smile, exposing the teeth of both jaws in turn.
"A tube"	Connect your lips, fold them into a tube and keep them like that for 7 seconds.
"Fence-tube"	Lips, keep in the image of a smile. Show the teeth of both jaws in order. Then switch to the image of elongated lips with a pipe, keeping them in this form.
"Window"	Lips in the image of a wide smile. Do not open your teeth. Open your mouth, maintaining a smile, and count to 9. Subsequently, close your mouth again, connecting your teeth.
"Stubborn Tongue"	The lips are in the form of a smile, the teeth are bare, the mouth is slightly open. You need to put your tongue on your lower lip and, slapping it on your lips, say: “five-five-five.” Count to 4.
"Shovel"	Part your lips, showing your teeth. Open your mouth and show a relaxed tongue, placing it on your lower lip.
"Parachute"	Place a piece of cotton wool at the end of your nose. Show your tongue, lift its end up and touch your upper lip. To preserve this look, you have to blow the cotton wool off your nose so that it rises up.
"Goal"	Place a couple of objects on the table and place a ball of cotton wool between them. Purse your lips with a tube and blow on the ball. He needs to be in the goal with a single exhalation. The cubes can be gradually moved aside. Keep your cheeks deflated.
"Jam"	At the moment you open your mouth, stick out your tongue and move its end along the upper and lower lips in order. The jaw remains static, only the tongue is active.
"Brush"	The lips are drawn out into a smile, the teeth are bare; the mouth is slightly open; move the end of the tongue to the left, to the right alternately along the back wall of the upper and lower teeth. Allowed to move up and down.
"Drumsticks"	Pull your lips into a smile, exposing your teeth; at the moment of opening the mouth, point the end of the tongue behind the upper incisors and, slowly, say: “d-d-d.” The speed of pronunciation gradually increases. The lips should be kept in the image of a smile, the lower jaw should not be moved, only the tongue is active.
"Horse"	Lips in the form of a smile, teeth exposed; at the moment of opening the mouth, touch the end of the tongue to the back wall of the upper teeth (incisors) and click it. The rate of clicking is initially slow and subsequently increases.
"Mute Horse"	Lips in the form of a smile, teeth exposed. From a slightly open mouth, touch the upper incisors with the tip of your tongue and click it without making a sound. The tempo of clicking is measured at first, then increases.

Senior group classes

Articulatory gymnastics for children should be carried out while sitting in front of a mirror, so that the child can contemplate both himself and the specialist in the reflection, and also what their tongues are doing. It is acceptable to perform the exercises slowly, moderately and accurately. The first thing the specialist needs to do is tell him about the exercise to be performed.

Then you should show the proper articulation of the sound and explain what movements need to be made for this. And finally, offer to repeat the exercise to the child. At first he may experience tension in the organs of speech, which will gradually disappear, giving way to freedom and coordination.

After several attempts at performing the exercise, the child will be able to achieve the required position of the tongue or lips. If it is difficult for him, a speech therapist should help with a spatula or probe. An adult needs to monitor the quality of the child’s exercises.

Movements should be slow, precise, steady, symmetrical without unnecessary actions. At home, it is recommended that parents and their children repeat the exercises and practice the acquired skills.

Articulation gymnastics for children should be organized daily or every other day in order to achieve good results in correcting speech deficiencies. This way, the acquired skills will be more firmly established. It is worth setting aside time a day for two classes, which are held an hour after meals.

It is allowed to exercise before breakfast for 3-7 minutes, avoiding overwork. Articulation gymnastics is carried out in subgroups or individually. You should not practice more than three actions with children in one lesson. Of these, 2 are performed for repetition and practice, and 1 exercise is introduced as a new one.

Children's articulatory gymnastics exercises will have to be worked through from simple to complex, and they will be chosen taking into account the goal being achieved. It is recommended to organize them in the form of a game.

If a child encounters difficulty in performing any action, then it is not recommended to get acquainted with new exercises.

It is better to spend time practicing familiar material using game techniques.

Exercise name	Execution technique
"Blowing out the candle"	Take the candle model in your right hand and touch your stomach with your left hand. Form your lips into a tube, inhale air and exhale for a long time.
"Toothless Shark"	Try to hug the upper and lower teeth with your lips with your mouth slightly open.
"Grin"	Initially, wrap your upper lip around your upper teeth with your mouth slightly open, and a little later, wrap your lower lip around your lower teeth.
"Clock Hand"	Stick out your tongue from your slightly open mouth, lift its end and move it around your lips.
"Trampoline"	Pull the tongue from the open mouth either upward, towards the sky, or down.
"Breeze"	Take a piece of cotton wool in your palms. Pull your lips out with a tube and practice blowing cotton wool off them.
"Giraffe"	Place a wide tongue on the lower lip, alternately tense, as if the animal’s neck is stretching, and release the tension.
"Sting"	Tighten your tongue in your open mouth and jerk it forward.
"Mountain"	While opening your mouth, push your tongue away from the lower teeth, bend it in an arc, maintaining the figure for the allotted time.
"A tube"	Try to bend the side edges of the tongue upward in an open mouth, slightly pushing it out. It is important to note that not everyone is able to complete this task.
"Football"	With tension, touch your tongue to one cheek, then the other, then to the sky and other places with your mouth closed.
"Snake"	Push the tongue forward with force from the slightly open mouth and push it back towards the larynx.
"Wave"	With the end of the tongue, forcefully touch the lower front incisors while opening the mouth, its lateral edges touch the molars located above; stick out the wide tongue forward in a wave, then push it back deeper.
"Needle"	Tighten your narrow tongue while opening your mouth, pushing it forward without relaxing.

Games that teach the correct pronunciation of sounds

Articulation gymnastics for children teaches them to see their speech organs in the mirror, feel them and control them. But if you get carried away only with them in class, you will not achieve a positive result in correcting your speech.

In addition to articulation exercises, it is important for children to work on their voice and breathing using various games:

Recently, articulatory gymnastics for children has become increasingly popular among teachers. Modern children increasingly spend their free time watching TV, computer, phone or tablet.

This forces them to watch and listen more, rather than talk themselves. This situation leads to problems in speech development and poor functioning of the speech organs. Therefore, teachers are increasingly introducing articulatory gymnastics into classes.

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Articulation gymnastics together with a speech therapist:

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ARTICULATION EXERCISES

When working on correct sound pronunciation, the teacher needs to clearly know the articulatory structure of each sound, i.e. in what position are the lips, teeth, tongue, and vocal cords when pronouncing a particular sound.

Before starting work on each sound, the teacher analyzes the position of all organs of the articulatory apparatus, pronouncing the sound being studied in isolated form in front of a mirror.

After the articulatory structure of the sound has been mastered (disassembled), you should turn to the selection of articulation exercises necessary for producing the sound. Exercises for basic sounds. These exercises will help your child develop the correct articulatory pattern.

Each exercise has its own name. When teaching a child to perform an exercise, it is necessary to correlate it with some image, an object shown in the picture. For example: the wide tip of the tongue is a spatula, the narrow tip of the tongue is a needle, etc.

In subsequent work, when a picture is shown, the child will perform the appropriate exercises without additional explanations from the teacher.

The child care facility should carry outarticulation gymnastics- a system of exercises for the speech organs. It exercises the articulatory muscles.

Goals of articulatory gymnasticsare the development of full-fledged movements of the speech organs necessary for the correct pronunciation of sounds, and the preparation of the speech apparatus for speech load.

The child’s organs of articulation (lips, teeth, tongue) are extremely weakly developed, so he should be helped to prepare the muscles involved in the speech act. Chewing, sucking, and swallowing contribute to the development of large muscles. The process of speaking requires differentiated development of smaller muscles. This is facilitated by a system of exercises aimed at developing the motor skills of the articulation organs.

Articulatory gymnastics not only develops the child’s speech apparatus, but also prevents the occurrence of certain speech disorders.

Correct and systematic implementation of articulation gymnastics in preschool age contributes to the birth of correct sounds, and later to the acquisition of words of complex syllabic construction.

Articulation gymnastics with children of middle to school age is carried out daily in the morning (first time),

after class (second time)

and after a nap (for the third time) according to the teacher’s instructions.

Children perform articulation exercises in front of the mirror.

The duration of the gymnastics is up to 5 minutes.

A complex of articulatory gymnastics is preliminarily developed by the teacher based on the “Articulation exercises” table.

The complex should include 4-5 exercises:2-3 static and 2-3 dynamic.

Examples of articulation gymnastics complexes.

Complex 1. Articulation exercises for producing the sound [w].

Part 1. Static exercises:

"Pipe";

"Cup".

Part 2. Dynamic exercises:

"Painter";

"Woodpecker";

"Horse".

Complex 2. Articulation exercises for producing the sound [w]. Part 1 . Static exercises:

"Pipe";

"Cup".

Part 2. Dynamic exercises:

"Painter";

"Delicious jam";

"Horse".

Articulation gymnastics complexplanned by the teacher for a week. Next week, the complex is partially modified: one of the exercises, performed well by the children, is replaced by another, new exercise, suitable for the articulation of the sound being studied.

Thus, teachers introduce children to one new exercise every week and practice it in articulation gymnastics.

It is advisable to accompany the introduction to each new articulatory exercise with a small story sketch..

For example, exercise “Delicious jam”:

“Slastena Carlson visited his grandmother, who lived in the village, in the summer. One day he came to her and boasted that he had learned to count. Carlson suggested that his grandmother count her jars of jam. The grandmother agreed and let Carlson into the pantry, where jars of jam stood on the shelves. When Carlson came out of there some time later, for some reason he licked his lips like this (teacher’s demonstration).”

After the demonstration, the teacher asks the children to complete the exercise (always with visual control). At the same time, the teacher monitors each child to see if he is performing the exercise correctly.

Then the teacher shows a picture depicting the proposed exercise and names it. Children perform the new exercise again, but not according to the teacher’s demonstration, but according to the picture. At the same time, the teacher checks the correct execution of the articulation exercise by each child.

It is advisable to carry out articulation gymnastics in a room where there are wall mirrors.Children line up in front of the mirrors, the teacher stands behind them. Everyone looks and sees each other in the mirrors. Communication and display of articulatory poses also occur through mirrors. In this position, children see how they perform the exercise, how the teacher shows it, the pictures that the teacher shows. The teacher sees how all the children perform the proposed exercises.

When planning work, teachers should record complexes of articulatory gymnastics (as presented above).

27 articulation exercises.

Exercise name	Target	How to do	Drawing
"Smile" (static)		The lips are stretched in the form of a smile, exposing closed teeth. You should hold your lips in this position for 10-15 seconds.
“Dudochka” (static)	Develop the circular muscles of the lips.	The lips are closed and extended forward in the form of a tube. You should hold your lips in this position for 10-15 seconds.
"Proboscis" (static)	Develop lip mobility.	The lips are tightly closed and stretched forward to the limit with tension. You should keep your lips in this position 10 s.
Spatula" (static).	Develop the ability to relax the muscles of the tongue and hold the tongue in this position for a long time.	Place the relaxed wide tip of the tongue on the lower lip. Hold your tongue in this position for a count of 10. The upper lip is raised and does not touch the surface of the tongue.
"Needle" (static)	Develop the ability to tense the lateral muscles of the tongue and hold the tongue in this position for a long time.	Stick the narrow tip of the tongue out of the mouth without touching the lips. Hold your tongue in this position for a count of 10.
"Angry Kitty" (static)	Develop mobility of the muscles of the back of the tongue.	The mouth is slightly open. The tip of the tongue rests on the lower front teeth, the back of the tongue is raised. The lateral edges of the tongue are pressed against the upper molars. Hold your tongue in this position for a count of 10.
"Groove" (static)	Produce a targeted air stream along the midline of the tongue to its tip; develop the lateral muscles of the tongue.	Stick your wide tongue out of your mouth. Fold the lateral edges of the tongue upward. Blow gently onto the tip of your tongue. The exercise should be performed 3-4 times for 5-7 seconds.
"Sail" (static).	Stretch the hypoglossal ligament; develop the ability to relax the muscles of the tongue in an elevated position.	The mouth is wide open. Place the wide tip of the tongue behind the upper teeth on the tubercles, bend the back of the tongue slightly forward. Press the lateral edges of the tongue against the upper molars. Hold your tongue in this position for a count of up to 10. Repeat the exercise 2-3 times.
"Calyx" (static)	Practice the ability to hold your wide tongue in the upper position.	The mouth is wide open. Raise the wide tip of the tongue upward. Pull it towards the upper teeth, but do not touch them. The lateral edges of the tongue touch the upper molars. Hold your tongue in this position for a count of up to 10. Perform the exercise 3-4 times.
“Fence” (static).	Practice the ability to keep your teeth clenched; develop the circular muscles of the lips.	The teeth are tightly clenched. The lips are in a smiling position. Perform the exercise 5-6 times, the duration of each exercise is 10-15 s.
"Duck beak" (dynamic)	Develop lip mobility, rapid lip switching from one position to another.	The lips are in a tube position, then the cheeks are drawn into the oral cavity, and the lips relax somewhat and can make closing and opening movements.
"Curtains" (dynamic)		The mouth is slightly open. The lower lip covers the lower teeth, and the upper lip at this moment opens the upper teeth. Then the position of the lips changes: the lower lip reveals the lower teeth, and the upper lip covers the upper teeth. Exercise you complete 5- 6 times.
“Horse” (dynamic).	Stretch the sublingual ligament of the tongue.	Suck the tip of your tongue to the roof of your mouth. The tempo of clicking should vary (slow, faster, very fast). The exercise helps stretch the shortened hyoid ligament. Complete the exercise 10 -15 times.
"Mushroom" (dynamic)	Stretch the hypoglossal ligament of the tongue	Open your mouth wide. Place the surface of your tongue against the roof of your mouth. Without lifting your tongue from the roof of your mouth, strongly pull your lower jaw down. Exercise 5- 6 times.
"Painter" (dynamic)	Develop tongue mobility in the upper position.	Open your mouth wide. Use the wide tip of your tongue to run across the palate from the upper teeth to the small tongue and back. Perform the exercise at a slow pace 5-6 times.
"Woodpecker" (dynamic)	Develop mobility of the tip of the tongue.	The mouth is wide open. The tongue hits the tubercles located behind the teeth with force; At the same time, the child pronounces the sound [d], imitating the knock of a woodpecker: d-d-d-d-d. The exercise is carried out for 15-20 s.
"Iron" (dynamic).	Activate the tip of the tongue on the tubercles.	The mouth is slightly open. Using the wide tip of your tongue, stroke the tubercles located behind the upper teeth: back and forth. Carry out the exercise 20 -25 times.
"Drive away the mosquito"(dynamic).	Cause the tip of the tongue to vibrate independently under the influence of a strong air stream.	The upper and lower lips touch the protruding tip of the tongue. A strong air stream directed at the tip of the tongue sets it in motion. The tongue is trembling. Repeat the exercise 3 times.
"Biting the tip of the tongue"(dynamic).	Activate the muscles of the tip of the tongue.	Lips in a smiling position. Biting the tip of the tongue is done 8 - 10 times.
“Swing” (dynamic).	Practice quickly changing movements of the tip of the tongue; practice coordinated movements of the tip of the tongue (up and down).	The mouth is wide open. The tip of the tongue rises behind the upper teeth onto the tubercles, A then falls down behind the lower teeth. Repeat exercise 15- 20 times.
Exercise “Rolling a ball”(dynamic).	Strengthen the lateral muscles of the tongue.	Lips closed. The tense tip of the tongue moves between the lips and teeth, making circular movements as if around the lips, but from the inside of the mouth. The movements are performed first in one direction (clockwise) - 5-6 circles, then in the other direction (counterclockwise) - 5-6 circles. The speed of tongue movement can be changed.
“Clock” (dynamic).	Develop tension in the lateral muscles of the tongue and coordination of movement (from right to left).	The mouth is slightly open. The narrow tongue moves from one corner of the mouth to the other, trying not to touch the lips. The exercise is carried out at a slow pace at the teacher’s count or is accompanied by the words:tick-tock, tick-tock, tick-tock.The duration of the exercise is 20 s.
"Meat grinder" (dynamic	Develop the advancement of a thin and wide tongue between the teeth.	Lips in a smiling position. The teeth are tightly clenched. We push the tip of the tongue between clenched teeth. The tongue becomes wide and thin. We push it forward to the limit. Repeat the exercise 3-4 times.
“Hide and Seek” (dynamic).	Develop mobility of the back of the tongue and the ability to hold the tip of the tongue behind the lower teeth for a long time.	The mouth is wide open. I'll open your teeth. The tip of the tongue rests behind the lower teeth. The back of the tongue rises and “peeks out” from behind the lower teeth. Then the back of the tongue goes down and “hides”. The tip of the tongue remains in the same place. Complete the exercise before 10 times.
"Delicious jam"(dynamic)	Develop movements of the wide tip of the tongue in the upper position.	With the wide tip of your tongue, hug your upper lip and remove your tongue into the oral cavity. Do not close your mouth. Repeat exercise 5- 6 times.
“Snake” (dynamic).	Develop the lateral muscles of the tongue.	The mouth is open. Stick your tongue forward, tense and make it narrow. Push the narrow tongue forward as much as possible and then retract it into the back of the mouth. Tongue movements are made at a slow pace and are performed 5- 6 times.
"Mood" (dynamic).	Develop lip mobility.	Stretch your lips into a smile. The teeth are a fence. This part of the exercise represents a good mood (facial expressions help). Then the lips take the position of the tube. The teeth are in the same position. Facial expressions help a child look angry. The exercise is repeated 5 times and ends with a smile, i.e. a good mood.

BREATHING EXERCISES

Articulation gymnastics should include exercises to develop speech breathing. Speech breathing differs significantly from physiological breathing, as it has a faster inhalation and slower exhalation. With speech breathing, the tidal volume of the lungs increases significantly. Mainly there is an oral type of breathing.

Working on a child’s speech breathing contributes to the development of the ability to pronounce long phrases and is a prevention of stuttering.

For the correct pronunciation of any sound, an air stream coming from the lungs is necessary. The air stream is primarily intended for breathing. This means that the child must learn to breathe and speak at the same time. This is facilitated by breathing exercises that produce a directed air stream.

1. The child is taught, without puffing out his cheeks, to blow off any light object brought to his mouth (a cotton ball, a paper butterfly or snowflake, a feather, etc.) through close lips and slightly protruded forward.

The object to be deflated can be in the palm of your hand or on a hard surface (cardboard flower, leaf, etc.). You can use an object tied with a thread to a tripod or solid field for blowing.

2. The starting position for blowing is the same, but the child is offered a heavier object to move, for example a pencil. Moreover, a round pencil is used first, and then a ribbed one. The pencil is placed on the smooth surface of the table, and the child blows on it so that it rolls to a certain boundary (cube, book, etc.).

3. With children, cold exhalation and warm exhalation are practiced separately; strong air stream and smooth air stream. The exercise uses any blowing aid (a bug on a leaf, a bee on a flower, etc.).

4. The child is trained in the ability to combine the pronunciation of a sound with the beginning of exhalation (for example, the game “Train Engine” - ch-ch-ch-ch).

5. Children are taught to pronounce 3-4 syllables on one exhalation.(woof-woof-woof, chick-chick-chick-chick and so on.).

6. Children are taught to pronounce a phrase of 2-3, 3-4, 4-5, 5-6 words together - with a short inhalation and a long exhalation.

7. Children develop differentiated breathing: inhale through the mouth, exhale through the mouth;

inhale through the mouth, exhale through the nose;

inhale through the nose, exhale through the mouth;

inhale through the nose, exhale through the nose.

Breathing exercises are systematically carried out in articulation gymnastics complexes, in everyday life, and in classes.

Yuri Okunev School

Good afternoon dear friends! Today we will talk closely about your voice-speech apparatus, and I will give you simple exercises for articulation, by doing which you will be able to develop diction on a level with the most famous announcers and presenters of federal television channels. Interesting? Then let's get started!

Even if your activity is not directly related to public speaking, in any case, situations arose when you needed to take on the functions of a speaker.

Let me guess! You presented your project to management, presented a report on a topic that worries you, had to hold an event, or simply tell an interesting story among friends.

Anyone who has ever been on stage under the close attention of the public knows how important it is to be able to correctly and beautifully convey your thoughts so that the speech is remembered by the audience, so that you are heard, correctly interpreted and perceived as a professional in your field.

I will recommend you one useful book that made me take a fresh look at the issues of training the speech apparatus and developing diction. This is the work of public speaking coach Evgenia Shestakova, which is called “Speak beautifully and correctly.” Anyone who wants to go further can check out

What is articulation

First, let's figure out what articulation is and what it is eaten with. It represents the correct reproduction of sounds according to the accepted canons of speech with the free, natural functioning of the voice-speech apparatus.

In the correct version, each sound is clearly isolated from one another and differs from its “word neighbors.” Therefore, articulation exercises are primarily aimed at practicing the pronunciation of each of the sounds found in our language.

Execution Features

Each of the tasks below trains the muscles of the vocal apparatus and improves their mobility. During their execution, you need to carefully ensure that the load is directed to specific muscle groups, and those not used in the process are relaxed.

And in general, the main task for you is to try to relax. It is necessary that the cervico-brachial region works freely. In addition, it is important to do everything slowly, at a slow pace - then the given exercises will bring you the greatest effect.

Before the main complex, which, by the way, is suitable for adults, children, and even preschoolers, it is necessary to perform gymnastics to warm up. Just five to seven minutes is enough to prepare your muscles for basic exercise, and in this case your performance will increase significantly.

Articulation gymnastics

Pre-warming is divided into training of different speech departments.

Kneading our cheeks

Take turns sucking in and puffing out your cheeks.
Move the air from one cheek to the other, then direct it under the lower lip, then under the upper.
Tighten your cheeks and try to push the air out of your mouth.
Pull your cheeks in and try to close and open your mouth.

Warming up the lower jaw

Place your fists on your lower jaw and press as hard as you can with your jaw on your fists.
Move your lower jaw in different directions: from top to bottom, back and forth, in a circle.

Attention to the soft palate

Yawn with your mouth wide open. Feel every muscle that is involved in this process.
Yawn while pronouncing vowels.

Warm up your smile

First, smile by closing your teeth, while straining your lips to the maximum. After this, sharply pull them into a tube.
Gently and lightly bite your lips a little - this will ensure blood flow to them.
Pull your lips over your teeth, and then smile so that they slide over your teeth.
Pull your upper lip upward so that the top row of teeth is exposed. Do the same with the bottom.
Snort. Yes, yes, like a hedgehog.

Warm up the strongest muscle in the body

Rotate your tongue in a circle, but not in your mouth, but in the space between your teeth and lips.
In the same way as above, bite your tongue a little.
Extend your tongue forward and pat it with your lips.
Try to reach your chin and nose with your tongue.
Turn your tongue over and hold it as long as possible against the upper palate.

After articulatory gymnastics, you can safely move on to the main complex, since the speech apparatus is warmed up and ready to perform the complex.

Task 1. Knock out a wedge with a wedge

This exercise helps you train yourself to clearly pronounce those letters that you have problems pronouncing. For example, practicing the sound r. Open the dictionary and start reading all the words starting with that letter in a row.

Listen carefully to how you pronounce it. Repeated repetition removes difficulties and simplifies pronunciation. The effect will be even brighter and faster if you record yourself on a voice recorder, and then listen to the recordings and correct any shortcomings.

Be careful to remain relaxed as you perform and not tense. You can work on all the basic consonants in the same way.

Task 2. Exhale correctly

You take a short breath in through your nose, and then sharply exhale completely through your mouth and say: “Ugh.” First practice this way, and then replace “Fu” with “K” and “G”.

Task 3. Vowels only

This technique will allow you to develop the skill of reproducing vowel sounds in a single stream, and ensure that the consonants inside are clear and clearly highlighted. Take a poem that you like and read it.

Only the method will be a little unusual: throw out all the consonants, leaving a stream of vowels. Pronounce the resulting words from vowel letters, deliberately stretching them out a little.

Gradually return the consonants, but pay attention to their clear pronunciation, while making sure that the flow of vowels does not lose its sonority.

Don't forget also about tongue twisters - this is the most standard and most reliable way of working on pronunciation and improving diction.

I plan to train every day in the near future, and I am sure that in a week I will be pleasantly surprised by the results. I wish the same for you!

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