Топик Выбор профессии рассказывает о трудностях выбора именно той, единственной профессии, которая определит весь жизненный путь человека. Выбрать профессию, действительно, очень непросто. Для этого нужно хорошо знать себя: свои сильные и слабые стороны, свои способности и требования к профессии. Чтобы разобраться в этом нелегком деле, рекомендуется ответить на ряд вопросов, может быть тогда ответ станет более ясным. Есть семьи, в которых определенная профессия становится выбором для многих поколений и создаются так называемые “династии”. В таких семьях детям с раннего возраста прививается любовь и уважение к профессии родителей, и для таких детей выбор профессии не создаст в будущем никаких хлопот.
Choosing a career is like any other activity: it is best to work to a plan. Too many people start looking for a specific job before thinking out their occupational aims. It is a good idea to begin by attempting to define in clear terms what your requirements are from a career. This involves taking a realistic view of your strengths and weaknesses. You may think for example, that you would like a job which involves organizing people, but liking such a job is not a sufficient justification if experience you already have may suggests that this is not your strong point. On the other hand, you should remember that training will equip you to do new things.
A further point to consider is how far you will be willing to do for a time things which you do not like knowing that they are necessary to achieve your longer term objectives. Having thought carefully about the sort of person you are, try to work out a realistic set of occupational requirements. In particular, you can answer to important questions. First: What sort of life do you want to lead? For example, do you want to live in the country or in the town? Is leisure time of great importance to you? Is the size of your salary important? Do you want to put down roots or travel widely? Second: What sort of work do you want to do? For example, do you like working alone or with others? Does teaching people appeal to you? Do you want to be an organizer of other people’s activities? Do you want to develop new ideas and initiate changes?
As for me, I have made up my mind to be an engineer. As my parents are engineers, they have made a great influence on my choice and I can say that this profession runs the family. My choice of this occupation didn’t come as a sudden flash. I think that nowadays this profession is of great need and importance to our country. It is my aim to be a qualified specialist and to serve the interests of my country. To be a well prepared engineer I should have some important qualities: great capability persistence, knowledge of science and of course knowledge of foreign languages. In spite of these arguments we mustn’t forget about everybody’s vacation. I think that my facilities combined with the knowledge would be quiet enough to succeed in my work.
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Key Words:
Job Areas
: agriculture, coal mining, sport, law, medicine, business, information technology, the media, shipbuilding.
Professions
: politician, sculptor, doctor, vet, teacher, nurse, professional footballer, scientist, lawyer, journalist, computer programmer.
Skills
: communication skills, computer skills, driving, language skills, organizational ability, typing.
Qualities
: cooperation, creativity, cultural awareness, flexibility, initiative, motivation, tolerance, responsibility.
| Job Areas - Сферы трудовой деятельности:
agriculture - сельское хозяйство, coal mining - угольная промышленность, sport - спорт, law - юриспруденция, medicine - медицина, business - бизнес/ предпринимательство, information technology - информационные технологии, the media - средства массовой информации, shipbuilding - кораблестроение. Professions - Профессии:
Skills - Умения, навыки:
Qualities - Качества:
|
Useful Expressions:
to make money, to have one"s own business, to do one"s best, to make a career, to get a promotion, to have an advantage, to accelerate rapidly, to become self-employed, to become old-fashioned, to make a living, to be made redundant, to apply for a job, to earn one"s living (to do for a living), to get a well-paid job, to get (receive) a salary/holiday pay/sick pay.
| To make money - делать деньги;
to have one"s own business - иметь свое собственное дело; to do one"s best - делать все возможное, не жалеть сил; to make a career - сделать карьеру; to get a promotion - получить повышение по службе; to have an advantage - иметь преимущество; to accelerate rapidly - быстро расти; to become self-employed - начать заниматься собственным бизнесом; to become old-fashioned - становиться старомодным; to make a living - зарабатывать на жизнь; to be made redundant - быть уволенным (по сокращению штата); to apply for a job - подавать заявление о приеме на работу; to earn one"s living (to do for a living) - зарабатывать на жизнь; to get a well-paid job - получить хорошо оплачиваемую работу; to get (receive) a salary/holiday pay/sick pay - получать заработную плату/отпускные/оплату больничного листа. |
The given texts are sample texts and we recommend you to use them while getting ready with your own stories on the topic.
Job Ttends.
Survival of the Fittest.
Between now and the 21st century citizens of the world"s richest and most technologically advanced nations will find it increasingly difficult to keep up with the demand for change. For them, the future will arrive too soon. So begins Alvin Toffler"s book FUTURE SHOCK, written back in 1970.
Now people are beginning to pay attention to Toffler"s prediction, because the speed of change is accelerating rapidly. It is sometimes difficult to work out the patterns of change. What should you do? First of all, don"t panic.
Take a deep breath and try to get a sense of the good things the future has to offer.
You don"t need to be a genius to predict the job areas which will be most affected by technological change. Agriculture, textiles, coal mining and heavy industry are all doing badly. On the other hand, business, the media, information technology, and the biosciences are doing really well.
Without doubt, the number of jobs in information technology will rise dramatically. There are currently over 100 million computers in the world and by 2020 the number will be around one billion. Because of this, computer programmers and systems analysts will be in much greater demand.
There are also many other important changes taking place in the workplace. First, the job market is getting more and more competitive and the idea of a "job for life" has already become old-fashioned. Because of this, workers will have to be more flexible.
According to Mark Hastings of the Institute of Management, in the future people will organize their working life around a variety of contracts, instead of working just for one company.
In the same way, companies will change; they will be organized more democratically. People will move sideways to different jobs, rather than moving up the "company ladder" as before. Many more people will work for small, dynamic companies, which can react, quickly to changes in the market. Other people will give up working for a boss and become self-employed. All this means that companies will require people who are flexible and responsible. They will also need people who can work co-operatively and get on well in a team.
Good communication skills will be essential. According to Dr.Laurence Lyons of the Future Work Forum, women will initially have an advantage in this area. James Traeger, of the training agency Menswork, explains that many men will have to be retrained. "It"s not about making men more like women, but helping men to communicate as well."
We are undoubtedly moving towards a global economy. English will probably remain the international business language. However, understanding other people, their minds, culture and history will be vital.
Above all, a manager will need to feel comfortable working with people from other cultures and coping with cultural differences.
New technology is the driving force behind the rapidly changing workplace, so don"t get left behind. You don"t need to become a computer expert, but you must consider improving your computer skills. Work with more than one program in case you have to use them at work, and try to read about all the latest technology.
Undoubtedly, all this new technology is changing the way we work and offering many alternative ways of working. Rather than go into an office, a lot of people are connected to the Internet and now work from home. Working like this may give you the flexibility you want - to live where you want, to continue your studies and to have a lot more free time. That must be good news.
My Plans for the Future.
I have asked myself a lot of times: "What do I want to be when I leave school?" A few years ago it was difficult for me to give a definite answer. As the years passed I changed my mind a lot of times about which science or field of industry to specialize in. It was difficult to make up my mind and choose one of the hundreds jobs to which I might be better suited.
I wanted to become a doctor. I thought it was a very noble profession. I was good at biology and chemistry. I wanted to help people who had problems with health. I knew that a doctor should be noble in work and life, kind and attentive to people, responsible and reasonable, honest and prudent. A doctor, who is selfish, dishonest can"t be good at his profession. I tried to do my best to develop good traits in myself.
Now it seems to me I have already decided what to do. I"d like to be a teacher. I know that it"s very difficult to become a good teacher. You should know perfectly the subject you teach, you must be well educated and well informed. An ignorant teacher teaches ignorance, a fearful teacher teaches fear, a bored teacher teaches boredom. But a good teacher develops in his pupils the burning desire to know and love for the truth and beauty. As John Steinbeck once said, a great teacher is a great artist and you know how few great artists there are in the world. Teaching might even be the greatest of the arts. It"s a great responsibility to bring up children. I think that"s the reason why teachers are deeply respected. But I"m not sure yet if I am going to become a teacher, because they are not well payed enough.
When you leave school you understand that the time to choose your future profession has come. It"s not an easy task to make the right choice of a job. I have known for a long time that leaving school is the beginning of my independent life, the beginning of a far more serious examination of my abilities and character.
More and more people realize that every educated person should know a foreign language. No matter what I am to be in the future I know quite well just now I must know English perfectly.
Задачи и тесты по теме "Тема 1. "Choosing a Career"."
- Education and future career - Vocabulary 5–9 класс
Choosing a
Career
Finishing school means the independent life for millions of
school-leavers. Many roads are open before them: technical
schools, colleges and universities. But it is not an easy thing
to choose a profession out of thousands! Some pupils follow
their parents" advice; others can not make any decision after
leaving school.
In childhood I wanted to be a spaceman; then I dreamed of
becoming a policeman. Only a few years ago I started thinking
about my future career seriously. Life is quite difficult, but I
want to have an interesting job and would like it to be
connected with different countries and people. That is why I
decided to become an interpreter. I am good at foreign
languages. My favourite language is English. I like watching
films and reading books in the original.
I think the questions- young people should ask themselves are:
What am I interested in? and What do I want to be? When they
find the answers, they will have the goal to achieve. If you are
good at a particular subject and you want your profession to be
connected with it, it is important that you study it seriously.
My father wants me to follow in his footsteps and become a
physicist. But I am not interested in medicine and I am not good
at Chemistry or Biology. As they say, medicine is "not my cup of
tea".
Another problem is entering a university. Russian National Exam
which school-leavers have to pass at the end of the 11th form is
rather difficult, so you have to study really hard to get a
necessary number of exam points to enter a university. Moreover,
different universities have different number of "acceptance
points". I have some friends who did not get enough points to
enter the universities they wanted, so they had to choose other
places to study or pay for their education.
However, some young people do not know which career to choose
even after they "finish school, so they have to waste time
deciding, or start working. For young men the situation is
difficult because they may be taken to the Army that is why a
lot of them enter any institute or university just not to become
soldiers.
Sometimes young people choose a career to their liking, they
enter a university and after some time they realise that the
occupation they chose is not what they really want, so they get
poor marks and have to leave the university.
The problem of choosing a career is very widespread among young
people and they should think about their future seriously before
making any decisions.
ПЛАН-ОТВЕТ. CHOOSING A CAREER
1. Вступление (what finishing school means, what
opportunities school-leavers have after school, if it is
easy/difficult to choose a profession).
2. Рассказать о том, кем вы хотели стать в детстве и кем думаете
стать теперь (in childhood I wanted to be..., then..., now I
want..., I have made/have not made a decision, I am thinking
of..., I am good at...).
3. Рассказать о том, чем должны руководствоваться ученики при
выборе профессии (I think the young people should...).
4. Рассказать о том, что думает ваша семья о вашем выборе или
кем бы они хотели, чтобы вы стали (my father/mother, etc. wants
me to..., but...).
5. Рассказать о проблемах, с которыми сталкиваются выпускники
после окончания школы (Russian National Exam, universities and
necessary exam points, exam failure, pay for education, can not
make choice, waste time, working, the Army; choose a wrong
career, leave studies).
6. Заключение (The problem of choosing a career is very
widespread among young people and they should think about their
future seriously before making any decisions.).
QUESTIONS
1. What opportunities do school-leavers have after finishing
school?
2. Is it easy to choose a future career? Why (not)?
3. What did you want to be in your childhood?
4. Have you made up your mind about the future occupation?
5. What would you like your future occupation to be connected
with?
6. What school subjects are you good at?
7. What do you think young people should ask themselves when
they start thinking about their future?
8. What do your parents think about your future career?
9. Do you usually follow your parents" advice?
10. Do you think that parents should take part in the discussion
of your future profession or shall you make a decision yourself?
11. What problems do young people face nowadays after finishing
school?
12. Do you study hard to pass the Russian National Exam
successfully?
13. Have you chosen the subjects which you will take exams in?
14. Do you agree that sometimes people may get disappointed in
the profession they chose? Why (not)?
15. What are the choices for them then?
16. Is it important to choose the future profession only by your
interests? Why (not)?
17. Do you think some occupations are useless? Why?
18. Have you heard about professions that are are not taught at
universities? What are they? _
USEFUL WORDS AND PHRASES
Occupations (Professions) Профессии
accountant бухгалтер
actor/actress актёр/актриса
architect архитектор
artist художник
astronaut астронавт, космонавт
baker пекарь
barber/hairdresser парикмахер мужской/женский
butcher мясник
carpenter плотник
cashier кассир
chef/cook шеф-повар
composer композитор
computer programmer программист
construction worker строитель
courier курьер
dancer танцор/танцовщица
dentist стоматолог
doctor врач
driver . водитель
editor редактор
electrician электрик
estate agent риелтор, агент по недвижимости
farmer фермер
fire fighter пожарный
flight attendant бортпроводник
gardener садовник
journalist журналист
lawyer юрист
librarian библиотекарь
mechanic механик
model модель
musician музыкант
nurse медсестра
painter маляр
pharmacist фармацевт
photographer фотограф
pilot пилот
plumber сантехник
police officer полицейский
postal worker/postman почтальон
sailor моряк
salesperson продавец
scientist учёный
secretary секретарь
security guard охранник
singer певец/певица
taxi driver таксист
teacher учитель
translator/interpreter переводчик
travel agent турагент
veterinarian/vet ветеринар
waiter/waitress официант/официантка
«What to be» is the most important question young people ask themselves. Your destiny and family relationship depend on it. Many aspects of life should be taken into consideration while answering the question «what to be». Different circumstances can influence our choice, we may follow someone’s experience or advice or be encouraged by certain people and events.
At early years of mankind development there were just a few jobs such as farmers, bakers, butchers or carpenters. In 17-th century I Russia it was about 200 professions. Now days exists 40000 varieties of jobs, but new kinds of work appears all the time. There is no doubt that it’s difficult to chose correct. We have so many professions to choose of. Challenging, rewarding, exciting, prestigious, professions seem to be attractive. If a job is monotonous, exhausting, messy you will say it doesn’t appeal to you. We divide jobs into caring, creative, outdoor, office professions and forces.
We refer nursing, teaching to caring professions. Creative professions include the job of a journalist, designer. To work in the office means to be a bank worker, a secretary, a receptionist. If you work in agriculture, horticulture, conservation you are a representative of the outdoor profession. Those who work in the police, army or navy choose forces. Besides these professions you may make a career in law, finance, international business relations, tourism business, banking and others.
Making the right choice can be rather frustrating. You should know your strengths and weaknesses. You must keep in mind what different jobs can require. Some jobs need accuracy, good imagination, physical strength. Others will require experience, special training, travelling a lot, working long hours from home, working late or even working night shifts.
I wish we had a special subject in career teaching at school. If only there were visits to places of employment and higher education. At the lessons of career teaching we could investigate our good and bad points, our interests and aptitudes, we could relate our knowledge and values to our ambitions and requirements of different occupations. Such lessons would clarify relationship between education and employment.
It is important to realize that if you are practical and organized, like routine that doesn’t vary, have a tidy mind then you are suited for an office profession. Creative nature, imaginative mind, sociability and ability to communicate will enable you to be a designer, a tourist agent, an interpreter or a market researcher. Artistic and loving nature, imagination, sensitivity make the occupation of a painter, actor, dancer, florist, architect, beautician suitable for you. Working as a teacher Teacher’s demands love for children, perfect experience in subject, and the power of explanation. In matters of future career the priority should be given to education. If you are conscientious, efficient, capable of doing accurate work, responsible — your prospects of getting a good job increase.
Since I was a child I wished to be a programmer. I was interested in working with numbers, bites, structures and finding answers for complex problems. I love Mathematics and I am very good at it. As for my personality, I may say that I am constructive and persistent, I have strong logic, easily solve problems and I prefer teamwork rather than independence. To find a job I like I need to have excellent science knowledge’s so I could pass examinations to institute.
And there is another thing to keep in mind, it’s creation of correct impression on people, especially, when you apply for a good position. Your possible in the future employer will search for your Curriculum Vitae. It’s info about your previous experiences, education and personal qualities. Then he will decide whether to invite you or not for an interview. The way you look, your confidence, correct speech and behavior and knowledge of subject will make good impression on the interviewer.
CHOOSING A
CAREER
Choosing a career is not an easy matter. I am leaving school in
two years and I haven"t yet decided which profession to choose.
There are a lot of interesting things in the world, so it is
difficult to make the right choice.
In childhood I wanted to be a pilot, then I wanted to become a
fireman. But now I have to think about my future career
seriously. Some people are good at Maths, Physics and Biology,
others enjoy History, Literature and Geography.
In my opinion I am good at foreign languages. My favourite
language is English. I like it very much and I want to be either
a teacher of English or an interpreter. I like watching films in
English, reading books in the original and listening to music in
English.
I think that young people should ask themselves: What am I
interested in ? What do I want to become ? When they find the
answer, they will have the goal to achieve. And then they should
do everything to achieve this goal. If you are good at Maths and
you want your profession to be connected with this subject, you
should start studying it very seriously. The same is with other
subjects.
My father wants me to follow in his footsteps and become a
businessman. But I am not interested in business or economics. I
have always been bad at these subjects and I want my profession
to be connected with English.
My mother says that I should choose my future occupation myself.
But I am still not sure what to choose. Of course there are a
lot of special books about different professions. In addition, a
lot of universities and institutes have open house days, so I
can go there and choose a good place for my future studies.
However, it is very difficult to enter a university. If you do
not have money and if you are not a genius, you will never enter
a good university or an institute. I have some friends who were
in this situation and they had to choose a career not to their
interests and liking.
But some young people still do not know which career to choose
even after they finish school, so they have to waste time
deciding, or go to find a job. For men it is harder because they
may be taken to the Army, that"s why a lot of them enter any
institute or university just not to become soldiers.
Sometimes young people choose a career they are interested in,
they enter a university and after some time they understand that
this occupation is not for them, they get poor marks and have to
leave the university.
The problem of choosing a career is very widespread among young
people and they should think about it seriously before making
any decisions.
Vocabulary:
achieve добиваться, достигать
fireman [Таютэп] пожарный
follow in one"s ["fblavm"fbtsteps] идти по стопам
footsteps кого-либо
future occupation ["fjuitj^rokju-"peif(3)n] будущая профессия
genius ["d3i:nj3s] гений
goal [дэи1] цельfOl
interpreter [тЪ:ргйэ] переводчик
poor mark [,pu3"ma:k] плохая оценка
waste тратить
Questions:
1. Have you already chosen your future profession? If yes, what
will it be?
2. What did you want to be in your childhood?
3. What school subjects are you good at?
4. What are your parents? Would you like to follow in their
footsteps?
5. Do your friends know about their future profession?
6. Why is choosing a career a difficult matter?