Leonardo da Vinci
Everyone agrees that Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) was one of the greatest of all painters. His painting "The Last Supper" is probably the. most famous painting in the world. But Leonardo would be famous if he had never painted a stroke. For he was also a great inventor. He invented the wheelbarrow, the military tank, and roller bearings. He made plans for dozens of weapons and machines. He even experimented with airplane and submarine modes.
Besides, Leonardo was great as a scientist and engineer. He was also a poet, a musician, and a sculptor. Perhaps no other person in history has ever learned so much in a lifetime. Certainly no one ever deserved more to be called a genius.
Leonardo was born in the village of Vinci in Italy. As a small boy he lived most of the time with his fathers parents. Leonardo was a beautiful boy, with curly hair and bright blue eyes.
When his father found out that the boy was interested in painting, he sent him to an excellent painter and teacher. One day Leonardo painted a beautiful angel in one of his teacher"s pictures. "You are a greater painter than Г, said the teacher, "I will paint no more"
In a few years Leonardo"s father decided that he would pay no more to the teacher. His son, he thought, was spending too much time studying rocks and plants, watching birds to find out how their bodies work, and building models of machines. But Leonardo stayed on as his teachers helper. He stayed till he was nearly 25. Then he set out to paint for himself, first in Florence, then in Milan and Venice, and at the end of his life in France.
Leonardo had ideas that other painters liked to copy. "Let them" he said, "I will originate. They can copy".
Thus great painter left behind only a few paintings, he had many ideas for pictures and made many wonderful pen and ink sketches. But he had so many other interests that he found it hard to sit and paint for hours at a time.
Some of his paintings have been lost because he liked to experiment. He used colours mixed with wax to paint a wonderful mural of a cavalry battle, but the wax melted and the picture was ruined.
"The Last Supper" is on the wall of a chapel in Milan. This picture was famous long before it was finished.
There is such beauty in Leonardo"s paintings that they are as hard to describe as beautiful music. The faces of his people are full of expression. He used light and shade in a new way to make people look very lifelike.
One of Leonardo"s
paintings is called "Mona Liza". It is the picture of a woman
with a faint smile on her face. The painting was ordered by the
woman"s husband. But Leonardo liked it so much
that he kept it for himself. He took it to
France with him when he went to spend the last years of his life
as a court painter to the king of France. Now it is one of the
greatest treasures of the Louvre in Paris.
Леонардо да Винчи
Никто не станет спорить, что Леонардо да Винчи (1452-1519) - один из величайших художников. Его «Тайная вечеря» - одна из самых известных картин в мире. Но Леонардо стал бы знаменитым, даже если бы ничего не нарисовал. Ведь он был и великим изобретателем. Он изобрел ручную тележку, военный танк и роликовые подшипники. Он спроектировал многие виды оружия и механизмов. Он также проводил эксперименты с моделями аэропланов и подводных лодок.
Кроме того, Леонардо был великим ученым и конструктором. А еще он был поэтом, музыкантом и скульптором. Наверно, больше никому в истории человечества не удавалось научиться стольким вещам за свою жизнь. Конечно же, Леонардо да Винчи можно по праву назвать гением.
Леонардо родился в селении Винчи в Италии. Большую часть своего детства он провел с родителями отца. Леонардо был красивым мальчиком с кудрявыми волосами и голубыми глазами.
Когда его отец заметил, что мальчик интересуется рисованием, он отправил его к замечательному художнику и учителю. Однажды Леонардо нарисовал прекрасного ангела на картине своего учителя. «Ты - более великий художник, чем я, - сказал учитель, - я не буду больше рисовать».
Спустя какое-то время отец Леонардо решил, что не будет больше платить учителю. Он считал, что его сын проводит слишком много времени, изучая камни и растения, наблюдая за птицами, пытаясь выяснить, как устроено их тело, и создавая модели механизмов. Но Леонардо остался у учителя в качестве помощника. Он оставался с ними почти до 25 лет. Потом он начал рисовать самостоятельно, сначала во Флоренции, потом в Милане и Венеции, а в конце своей жизни - во Франции.
Идеи Леонардо многие художники переносили на свои полотна. «Пусть, - говорил он, - я буду создавать. А они пусть копируют».
Итак, великий художник оставил после себя немного картин, у него было много идей, и он создал множество замечательных эскизов карандашом и чернилами. Но у Леонардо было так много разных интересов, что он не мог себе позволить часами сидеть над одной картиной.
Некоторые его картины утеряны из-за любви художника к экспериментам. Он смешивал краски с воском, работая над замечательной фреской, изображающей конный бой, но воск растаял, и изображение исчезло.
«Тайная вечеря» находится на стене часовни в Милане. Эта картина стала известной задолго до того, как была завершена.
Картины Леонардо так красивы, что их так же трудно описать, как прекрасную музыку. Лица людей на картинах очень выразительны. Он по-новому использовал свет и тень, чтобы сделать своих персонажей боле естественными.
Одно из полотен Леонардо называется
«Мона Лиза». Это портрет женщины с легкой улыбкой на лице.
Портрет заказал муж этой женщины. Но Леонардо картина так
понравилась, что он оставил ее себе. Он забрал ее с собой во
Францию, где он провел свои последние годы, работая придворным
художником короля Франции. Теперь эта картина - одна из сокровищ
парижского Лувра.
Everyone agrees that Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) was one of the greatest of all painters. His painting "The Last Supper" is probably the. most famous painting in the world. But Leonardo would be famous if he had never painted a stroke. For he was also a great inventor. He invented the wheelbarrow, the military tank, and roller bearings. He made plans for dozens of weapons and machines. He even experimented with airplane and submarine modes.
Besides, Leonardo was great as a scientist and engineer. He was also a poet, a musician, and a sculptor. Perhaps no other person in history has ever learned so much in a lifetime. Certainly no one ever deserved more to be called a genius.
Leonardo was born in the village of Vinci in Italy. As a small boy he lived most of the time with his fathers parents. Leonardo was a beautiful boy, with curly hair and bright blue eyes.
When his father found out that the boy was interested in painting, he sent him to an excellent painter and teacher. One day Leonardo painted a beautiful angel in one of his teacher"s pictures. "You are a greater painter than Г, said the teacher, "I will paint no more"
In a few years Leonardo"s father decided that he would pay no more to the teacher. His son, he thought, was spending too much time studying rocks and plants, watching birds to find out how their bodies work, and building models of machines. But Leonardo stayed on as his teachers helper. He stayed till he was nearly 25. Then he set out to paint for himself, first in Florence, then in Milan and Venice, and at the end of his life in France.
Leonardo had ideas that other painters liked to copy. "Let them" he said, "I will originate. They can copy".
Thus great painter left behind only a few paintings, he had many ideas for pictures and made many wonderful pen and ink sketches. But he had so many other interests that he found it hard to sit and paint for hours at a time.
Some of his paintings have been lost because he liked to experiment. He used colours mixed with wax to paint a wonderful mural of a cavalry battle, but the wax melted and the picture was ruined.
"The Last Supper" is on the wall of a chapel in Milan. This picture was famous long before it was finished.
There is such beauty in Leonardo"s paintings that they are as hard to describe as beautiful music. The faces of his people are full of expression. He used light and shade in a new way to make people look very lifelike.
One of Leonardo"s paintings is called "Mona Liza". It is the picture of a woman with a faint smile on her face. The painting was ordered by the woman"s husband. But Leonardo liked it so much that he kept it for himself. He took it to France with him when he went to spend the last years of his life as a court painter to the king of France. Now it is one of the greatest treasures of the Louvre in Paris.
Перевод текста: Leonardo da Vinci - Леонардо да Винчи
Никто не станет спорить, что Леонардо да Винчи (1452-1519) — один из величайших художников. Его «Тайная вечеря» — одна из самых известных картин в мире. Но Леонардо стал бы знаменитым, даже если бы ничего не нарисовал. Ведь он был и великим изобретателем. Он изобрел ручную тележку, военный танк и роликовые подшипники. Он спроектировал многие виды оружия и механизмов. Он также проводил эксперименты с моделями аэропланов и подводных лодок.
Кроме того, Леонардо был великим ученым и конструктором. А еще он был поэтом, музыкантом и скульптором. Наверно, больше никому в истории человечества не удавалось научиться стольким вещам за свою жизнь. Конечно же, Леонардо да Винчи можно по праву назвать гением.
Леонардо родился в селении Винчи в Италии. Большую часть своего детства он провел с родителями отца. Леонардо был красивым мальчиком с кудрявыми волосами и голубыми глазами.
Когда его отец заметил, что мальчик интересуется рисованием, он отправил его к замечательному художнику и учителю. Однажды Леонардо нарисовал прекрасного ангела на картине своего учителя. «Ты — более великий художник, чем я, — сказал учитель, — я не буду больше рисовать».
Спустя какое-то время отец Леонардо решил, что не будет больше платить учителю. Он считал, что его сын проводит слишком много времени, изучая камни и растения, наблюдая за птицами, пытаясь выяснить, как устроено их тело, и создавая модели механизмов. Но Леонардо остался у учителя в качестве помощника. Он оставался с ними почти до 25 лет. Потом он начал рисовать самостоятельно, сначала во Флоренции, потом в Милане и Венеции, а в конце своей жизни — во Франции.
Идеи Леонардо многие художники переносили на свои полотна. «Пусть, — говорил он, — я буду создавать. А они пусть копируют».
Итак, великий художник оставил после себя немного картин, у него было много идей, и он создал множество замечательных эскизов карандашом и чернилами. Но у Леонардо было так много разных интересов, что он не мог себе позволить часами сидеть над одной картиной.
Некоторые его картины утеряны из-за любви художника к экспериментам. Он смешивал краски с воском, работая над замечательной фреской, изображающей конный бой, но воск растаял, и изображение исчезло.
«Тайная вечеря» находится на стене часовни в Милане. Эта картина стала известной задолго до того, как была завершена.
Картины Леонардо так красивы, что их так же трудно описать, как прекрасную музыку. Лица людей на картинах очень выразительны. Он по-новому использовал свет и тень, чтобы сделать своих персонажей боле естественными.
Одно из полотен Леонардо называется «Мона Лиза». Это портрет женщины с легкой улыбкой на лице. Портрет заказал муж этой женщины. Но Леонардо картина так понравилась, что он оставил ее себе. Он забрал ее с собой во Францию, где он провел свои последние годы, работая придворным художником короля Франции. Теперь эта картина — одна из сокровищ парижского Лувра.
Использованная литература:
1. 100 тем английского устного (Каверина В., Бойко В., Жидких Н.) 2002
2. Английский язык для школьников и поступающих в ВУЗы. Устный экзамен. Топики. Тексты для чтения. Экзаменационные вопросы. (Цветкова И. В., Клепальченко И.А., Мыльцева Н.А.)
3. English, 120 Topics. Английский язык, 120 разговорных тем. (Сергеев С.П.)
Краткая биография Леонардо да Винчи на английском языке
Leonardo"s life
The famous figure of Leonardo da Vinci and the main episodes of his biography, narrated by Carlo Peretti, well known Leonardo"s life and works scholar.
On April 15, 1452 Leonardo was born in Vinci, a little village lying in the shelter of a Medieval castle on the slopes of Montalbano. [..]
Vinci is halfway between Florence and Pisa. Leonardo was born, then, in a little village apparently far removed from the world but in reality lying at the crossroads of great highways of communication.
At the age of sixteen or seventeen he moved to Florence, where his father, notary by profession, apprenticed him to work in Verrocchio"s workshop. The road he covered, on foot or on horseback - forty miles or so - is the one that still today runs along the Arno.
This same road had very probably already taken him to Pisa, attracted by a strange landscape where the rocky outcrops in the surrounding mountains often take on the primordial features appearing in the background of the Louvre Virgin of the Rocks, the first Milanese painting commissioned of him in 1483 when he was thirty-one. [..]
In Florence Leonardo spent twelve years of systematic study and intense experimentation, soon entering under the protection of Lorenzo de" Medici, almost his own age (1449-1492), a refined humanist, crafty merchant, wise statesman and skillful politician, but above all an incomparably able diplomat: in short, a master of communication. For the young Leonardo, Lorenzo was an intriguing example of the technique of communication, where the persuasive power of words was based on eloquence and psychology. Inspired by this example Leonardo began to refine his own visual language, adopting a kind of "speaking" painting which, with the Adoration of the Magi painted in 1481 at the age of twenty-nine, arrived at the intensely animated gestures and iconic impact of a silent film. [..] (follows)
1452 - Leonardo is born at Vinci on April 15, the natural son of the Notary Ser Piero di Antonio da Vinci.
1469 - Leonardo presumably enters Verrocchio’s workshop in this year.
1472 - He is enrolled in the painters’ association, the Compagnia di San Luca. His first works start from this date: costumes and sets for festivals and jousts, a cartoon for a tapestry (lost) and the paintings of uncertain dating.
1473 - He dates (August 5) the drawing of the Landscape of the Val d’Arno (Florence, Uffizi).
1476 - Accused of sodomy along with other persons, he is acquitted.
1478 - Leonardo is commissioned to paint the altarpiece for the Chapel of San Bernardo in Palazzo della Signoria. In this same year he states that he has completed two paintings of the Virgin, one of which is now identified as the Benois Madonna.
1480 - According to the Anonimo Gaddiano, Leonardo works for Lorenzo de’ Medici.
1481 - Contract for the Adoration of the Magi.
1482 - Leonardo moves to Milan leaving unfinished the Adoration, which he has just begun.
1483 - In Milan he stipulates the contract for the Virgin of the Rocks with Evangelista and Ambrogio de Predis.
1487 - Payment for projects for the lantern on the Milan Cathedral.
1489 - Leonardo designs sets for the festivities celebrating the wedding of Gian Galeazzo Sforza and Isabella d’Aragon. In this same year he begins preparations for the colossal equestrian sta¬ tue in honor of Francesco Sforza.
1491 - Giovanni Giacomo Caprotti da Ore¬no, known as “Salaì”, ten years old at the time, enters Leonardo’s service. The nickname “Salaì”, which means “devil”, derives from the boy’s unruly character.
1492 - For the wedding of Ludovico il Moro and Beatrice d’Este, Leonardo designs the costumes for the procession of Scythians and Tartars.
1494 - Land reclamation work on one of the Duke’s estates near Vigevano.
1495 - Leonardo begins the Last Supper and the decoration of rooms in the Castello Sforzesco. The artist’s name is mentioned as Ducal Engineer.
1497 - The Duke of Milan urges the artist to finish the Last Supper, which is probably completed by the end of the year.
1498 - Leonardo completes the decoration of the Sala delle Asse in the Castello Sforzesco.
1499 - Leonardo leaves Milan with Luca Pacioli. He stops at Vaprio to the Melzi fami¬ly, then leaves for Venice passing through Mantua, where he draws two portraits of Isabella d’Este.
1500 - In March he arrives in Venice. Returns to Florence where he resides at the Monastery of the Servite Brothers in Santissima Annunziata.
1502 - Leonardo enters the service of Cesare Borgia as architect and general engineer, following Borgia in his military campaigns through Romagna.
1503 - Leonardo returns to Florence where, according to Vasari, he paints the Mona Lisa. Devises projects for devia¬ting the Arno River during the siege of Pisa. Commissioned by the Signoria to paint the Battle of Anghiari.
1504 - Continues to work on the Battle of Anghiari. Is called upon to participate in the commission that will decide where to place Michelangelo’s David. First studies for a Leda.
1506 - Leonardo leaves Florence for Milan, promising to return within three months. The stay in Milan extends beyond this time.
1508 - Leonardo is in Florence, then returns to Milan.
1509 - Geological studies on the valleys of Lombardy.
1510 - Studies on anatomy with Marcantonio della Torre at the University of Pavia.
1513 - Leonardo leaves Milan for Rome, where he lives in the Vatican Belvedere, under the protection of Giuliano de’ Medici. Remains in the city for three years, engaged in mathematical and scientific studies.
1514 - Projects for draining the Pontine swamps and for the port of Civitavecchia.
1517 - Leonardo moves to Amboise, to the court of François I King of France. In mid-January he visits Romorantin with the King to plan a new royal palace and a system of canals for the region of Sologne.
1518 - Leonardo participates in the festivi¬ties for the baptism of the Dauphin and for the wedding of Lorenzo de’ Medici to the King’s niece.
1519 - On April 23 Leonardo writes his will. The executor is his friend the painter Francesco Melzi. He dies on May 2. In the burial certificate, dated August 12, he is described as a «noble Milanese, first painter and engineer and architect to the King, State Mechanic».
All of Leonardo"s work as painter and theoretician of painting is imbued with the concept that art should be considered a form of creative knowledge, on the same level as science and philosophy. And still today the lesson taught by Leonardo has the immediate impact of a live broadcast, whether it involves traditional media - still unsurpassed in historical research - or the new electronic technologies, now beginning to show their true worth as indispensable aid to historical research, having developed beyond the initial stage of games used in play.
On the other hand, Leonardo played too, as noted by Sigmund Freud already in 1910: «The great Leonardo, it seems, remained infantile in some aspects his whole life long. He continued to play even as an adult and for this reason too he was at times incomprehensible and disturbing to the eyes of his contemporaries».
And as such - disturbing and incomprehensible - he appears even today, five centuries later, since he has been more studied than understood. The genius has been rediscovered, but the man has been lost.
During a visit to Pavia in January 1490 accompanied by the Sienese architect Francesco di Giorgio Martini for a consultation on work then being done on the cathedral, Leonardo, then thirty-eight, was attracted by the ingenious arrangement of the rooms in a famous bordello in that city, and drew the floor-plan as a model "lupanare".
The drawing appears on a page in a manuscript from that time. [...]
On the same folio, at the same time, Leonardo notes: «catena aurea», which is the title of the grandiose Thomist compendium on the Gospels. These are small but sure indicators of how the real Leonardo, viewed in close-up, could finally re-emerge in the new millennium. After dying the first time in France on May 2, 1519, he has died many times over in the writings of posterity - those very writings that proclaimed his immortality.
The great artist, mathematician, writer and inventor Leonardo Da Vinci was born in Italy. From the very beginning of his life he was so special and talented that these qualities stopped him from receiving a good education. However, as most other great people, Da Vinci still had a desire for knowledge and great ambition.
Leonardo Da Vinci started working as an apprentice of the painter Andrea Del Verrochio in Florence when he was only 15. With the help of his teacher he became an artist, having developed his skills and even intimidated his mentor. However, Da Vinci wanted to broaden his knowledge in other spheres as well.
In 1482 he started realizing himself as an inventor. In order to broaden his scope of work, Da Vinci moved to Milan where he worked for Duke Ludovico Sforza as a military engineer. At that time many of his famous military inventions came out.
The period of living and working in Milan lasted 17 years and is considered to be the most productive in Da Vinci’s life. Apart from inventing, he also painted, sculptured and studied science, developing more and more innovative ideas.
After the French invasion in 1499 Da Vinci had to leave Milan and spent the remaining years travelling around Italy and working on different projects, focusing mostly on his art and anatomy studies. In those years one of his most famous masterpieces was created – Mona Lisa. The great artist and inventor died in 1519 at the age of 67.
Перевод:
Великий художник, математик, писатель и изобретатель Леонардо Да Винчи родился в Италии. С самого начала своей жизни он был настолько особенным и талантливым, что эти качества не позволили ему получить достойного образования. Однако, как и многие другие великие люди, Да Винчи все же жаждал знаний и имел большой потенциал.
Леонардо Да Винчи начал свою карьеру в качестве подмастерья Андреа Дэль Вероккьо во Флоренции, когда ему было всего 15 лет. Благодаря своему учителю, он стал художником, развив свои способности, и даже сумел его превзойти. Тем не менее, Да Винчи хотел расширить свои знания и в других областях.
В 1482 он начал реализовывать себя как изобретатель. С целью расширить фронт работ, Да Винчи переехал в Милан и стал работать на герцога Людовика Сфорца в качестве военного инженера. В то время увидели свет многие известные военные изобретения мастера.
Период проживания и работы в Милане продлился 17 лет и считается самым продуктивным в жизни Да Винчи. Помимо изобретений, он также занимался живописью, скульптурой, изучал науку, продвигая все более и более инновационные идеи.
После вторжения французов в 1499 г. Да Винчи вынужден был покинуть Милан, и провел оставшиеся годы, путешествуя по Италии и работая над различными проектами, особое внимание он уделяя живописи и изучению анатомии. В те годы им была создан один из знаменитейших шедевров – картина «Мона Лиза». Великий художник и изобретатель умер в 1519 г. В возрасте 67 лет.
Выражения и слова:
Inventor – изобретатель
Apprentice – подмастерье, ученик
scope of work - фронт работ, объем работы
duke - герцог
to come out – увидеть свет, появиться
invasion - вторжение
masterpiece – шедевр
Готовишься к ОГЭ или ЕГЭ?
- Тренажер ОГЭ и
- тренажер ЕГЭ
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Напишите пожалуйста краткий рассказ о Леонардо Да Винчи на английском языке. Например: где он родился, когда, чем прославился, знаменательные даты, кто это и в каком году умер. Рассказ приблизительно на 10-15 предложений
Ответы:
Everyone agrees that Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) was one of the greatest of all painters. His painting "The Last Supper" is probably the. most famous painting in the world. But Leonardo would be famous if he had never painted a stroke. For he was also a great inventor. He invented the wheelbarrow, the military tank, and roller bearings. He made plans for dozens of weapons and machines. He even experimented with airplane and submarine modes.Besides, Leonardo was great as a scientist and engineer. He was also a poet, a musician, and a sculptor. Perhaps no other person in history has ever learned so much in a lifetime. Certainly no one ever deserved more to be called a genius.Leonardo was born in the village of Vinci in Italy. As a small boy he lived most of the time with his fathers parents. Leonardo was a beautiful boy, with curly hair and bright blue eyes.