Interrelation and interdependence of spiritual and physical self-improvement. Public and individual health

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
SPIRITUAL DEVELOPMENT
PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT
HEALTHY LIFESTYLE

This article examines the relationship between the physical and spiritual development of the individual. Recommendations for proper breathing are presented, various breathing systems are considered as physical development of the individual, as well as spiritual components of a healthy lifestyle.

The use of “invisible” gymnastics in the work of an economist
Formation of a culture of healthy lifestyle among students
The role and importance of physical education in the prevention of bad habits

It happens that a person works a lot, but cannot get closer to his goal. And in order to achieve it, you need to change yourself, change your environment, your life - this is the law of nature. By changing yourself, everything around you will change. And for this there are two areas in which it is necessary to improve:

physical development of personality;
spiritual development of personality.

The expression “a healthy mind in a healthy body” is far from new. But do we understand and know what it means correctly? The relationship between the spiritual and physical development of the individual is the basis of a person’s harmonious existence, therefore it is necessary to take care of both the physical body and the spiritual.

What is the physical development of a person?

A person’s main resource, the basis for all his achievements, is health. If it is not there, then the person will not need anything.

And in order for a person to have strong and excellent health, it is necessary to give up bad habits and do:

respiratory systems;
physical exercise;
hardening the body;
eat healthy and wholesome food, drink more clean water;
rest and sleep well.

In this article we will look at the respiratory system. How to breathe correctly? Here are tips for proper breathing:

you need to breathe with your stomach, and if necessary, use your chest;
jogging - it is very good for breathing;
When performing breathing exercises, you need to create resistance to the air flow as you exhale with your lips and tongue.

Let's look at breathing techniques.

Breathing system No. 1 is used to cleanse the body. This is how a person rejuvenates him. If everything is done correctly, a person will immediately feel a surge of energy after doing this exercise for the first time. It is performed while sitting.

We inhale through the nose for 5 counts, the lungs are filled with air, starting from the stomach, then the middle, and the upper part, to the maximum, to the limit. We hold our breath for 20 counts. We exhale through our mouths for 10 counts, first the upper part, then the middle and lower parts, the air comes out through compressed lips, they create tension that must be overcome, we exhale to the limit.

Breathing System No. 2 is used to increase the strength and power of the body. Gives a powerful and quick effect, designed to instantly mobilize the body and activate its reserves, to overcome stress, mental tension, and to suppress pain. If you regularly use this system No. 2, you will mobilize your willpower and concentrate your attention. Performed while standing.

Inhale through your nose for 0.5-1 seconds, possibly with your arms raised, to the maximum. We exhale through the mouth for 5 seconds, with great tension in the muscles of the whole body and lungs, with wheezing or hissing, while you can lower your tense arms down, exhale all the air to the limit.

We perform 10 cycles at a time. Do it 3 times, at least 1 time a day.

Respiratory system No. 3 includes powerful reserves of the body, increases the number of blood cells in the blood.

Let's take a few deep breaths. On the last exhalation, we hold our breath until it gets dark in our eyes and until the body forces us to inhale. As a rule, this happens at the 5th second after “I can’t take it anymore.” We do it at least 2 times a day.

Even if you use only one of these breathing techniques, you can gain a powerful source of energy at your disposal. And all three techniques will immediately increase your energy level, strength, and will many times over. In a month, a person will not recognize himself, he will fly, not walk, and any task will be within his reach.

Spiritual development of personality - without it a person cannot be happy. Spiritual development is constant improvement in all areas of your life.

Spiritual components of a healthy lifestyle include:

the ability to do good deeds - participate in charity events, provide assistance to the elderly, veterans, and care for the sick;
the ability to perform selfless acts - this is friendship, camaraderie, participation in competitions and competitions as part of a team;
the ability to analyze your activities for a day, month, year;
the ability to admit your mistakes and shortcomings and change for the better;
having a solid life ideal, idea and faith, following them;
reading fiction, communicating with war veterans;
periodic self-restraints, fasting, development of willpower, etc.

How to achieve spiritual health?

Repentance. Love. Following divine laws. Forgiveness and forgetting grievances. Moderation in everything. Silence. Prayer. Meditation. Creativity, hobby. Enjoy life. Spiritually healthy people know how to enjoy every minute, enjoy everything (the sun, a child’s smile, a spring drop, the first snow). Seeing beauty in everything is a great art.

Thus, all these points of spiritual and physical development of the individual influence the level of happiness and allow the release of a large amount of positive energy. A healthy body is the first stage for achieving a happy life.

The relationship between the spiritual and physical development of the individual also includes regular performance of favorite exercises or types of vigorous activity. For example, go swimming, dancing; walk in the nearest forest to saturate the body’s cells with the maximum amount of oxygen; do fitness or race walking. When choosing an activity, it is advisable to follow the dictates of your soul, choose only what is in harmony with you. In addition, regular physical activity increases confidence and self-esteem. A trained body copes better with stressful situations.

Based on the above, we can say that the well-known proverb “a healthy mind in a healthy body” will be true if we read it in reverse order: “a healthy mind - a healthy body.” The close relationship between spiritual and physical development is so obvious that to separate one from the other means making a mistake. Consequently, “Health of the Nation”, “Health” with a capital “H” is both the health of the body and the health of the spirit.

It becomes obvious that the primary role in preserving and developing health still belongs to the person himself, his lifestyle, his values, attitudes, the degree of harmonization of his inner world and relationships with the environment. The health of the state as a whole depends on the moral health of a person, on the moral health of society.

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Comprehensive personal development is most often considered as an ideal, where physical perfection, understood as the unity of the spiritual and physical, is its integral component. It is advisable to consider this personal development with the satisfaction of the personal needs of those involved, with the progress of their physical development, as a motive for the physical activity of the individual. In this regard, it is important to focus on the concepts of “personal culture,” considered as basic in relation to the concept of “comprehensively developed personality,” as well as “personal physical culture.”

Culture requires unity and integrity of man. Consequently, the role of physical culture in the comprehensive development of the individual is closely related to all its structural components. This is far from just the physical improvement of a person as a result of his physical exercises, but also a creative attitude towards his personality, where the spiritual side plays a decisive role.

Thus, physical and spiritual culture are associated with the formation of a complete person in the fullness of his essential powers. It is through the prism of the human dimension that this phenomenon reveals its universal potential for the improvement of each individual and society as a whole.

The quality of changes taking place in all spheres of modern Russian society largely depends on the educational potential of society, and therefore the role of education in its development is increasing more than ever.

Self-education is one of the mechanisms of civilization, the process of mastering, disseminating and transmitting the culture of society over generations, which acts as its subject-content basis. Education consistently masters universal human experience and introduces it into the flow of civilization, forming the basis for the further development of culture.

The product of self-improvement is an educated person who inevitably introduces into his activities the limiting limit of the quantum of education he has mastered. Due to the inertia of scientific and practical thinking, this limit takes the form of a cognitive and psychological barrier and becomes an obstacle to the further development of science and culture. In this regard, tension arises in the system of relations “practice – culture – science – education”. Hence the natural need for its periodic renewal.

Physical and spiritual self-improvement is an organic part of the system of complex personality formation. At the same time, it must act in close interrelation.

Ancient teachings of self-improvement. Yoga.

One of the most important factors in self-development and self-improvement is knowledge. This wisdom came to us from distant Tibet by the Roerich family. They say that every cell of the human body emits a powerful flow of physical and spiritual energy, and when combined, these flows are able to protect the physical body from the negative effects of the environment. Based on these teachings, a whole system of exercises for human self-improvement in different life situations was developed.

What is "yoga"? The word "yoga" comes from the Sanskrit root "yug", which means "to unite", to join with something, to equip for some purpose.

Yoga is a system of moral and physical self-improvement, which is part of many philosophical concepts in India. The first object of the training required by Yoga is to teach man proper submission to the laws of moral and physical nature, for Yoga holds that upon this submission depends the attainment of moral and spiritual perfection.

There were four main Yogas - Karma Yoga (the path of active action and work), Zhnana Yoga (the path of knowledge, wisdom), Bhakti Yoga (the path of love) and Raja Yoga (the path of development of spirit and concentration). They are described in detail in four books written by the Indian philosopher Swami Vivekananda.

In the Puranas, the ancient Indian sacred books, it is said: at the change of eras, people will go mad, and if this madness crosses the borders, then fiery purification will be the only outcome.

The teachings of Yoga indicate how to prepare for the onset of this moment in order to withstand the danger that will threaten everyone when the fire element approaches. It indicates what exactly is necessary in order to master the element of Fire and make its streams not destructive for oneself, but beneficial.

Agni Yoga pays special attention to working on oneself, to the moral self-improvement of every person of the New Age. In the books of the Teachings, the qualities that must be acquired for the transformation of the inner man, whose sphere is in the world of thought, are analyzed exhaustively, from all sides, from all angles of view.

The problem of spiritual and physical health in modern society. The need for self-improvement.

Health is a multidimensional, multi-level, integral concept, the essential characteristics of which are the physical, mental, spiritual and mental well-being of a person. The main psychophysiological and socio-psychological factors of health often include the biological reliability of the body; reliability of the individual, the indicator of which is the constancy of active relationships and the ability to achieve set goals; healthy behavior, the essence of which is an active creative attitude towards one’s health.

The state of morality in society has a direct impact on the spiritual and physical health of the nation.

Currently in Russia there is no state concept of health care. Therefore, the task arises of adopting at the federal level a concept that would help get out of the crisis and would be the implementation of the human right to complete physical and social well-being, mental health and spiritual development with maximum life expectancy. This is in line with the doctrine of the World Health Organization, which has proclaimed a strategy to achieve health for all.

It is also important to recognize the problem of health protection as the highest priority of the state. The situation can be radically improved if government leaders regularly speak to the people with an annual appeal on the health of the nation based on the materials of the next “white paper” with its subsequent publication.

Particular attention should be paid to the spiritual and physical health of the younger generation. Social improvement of society must begin with young people. The state must educate a morally and physically healthy citizen, a patriot of his homeland. To achieve this, it is advisable to adopt a special youth education program at the highest state level, financed by a separate budget line. It is also necessary to more effectively carry out mass sports and recreational work.

Conclusion:

Based on the above, we can say that the well-known proverb “a healthy mind in a healthy body” is true! The relationship between spiritual and physical self-improvement is undeniable.

The physical development of a citizen is the same national treasure as the spiritual development of a person. It is this unity that not only lays the foundation for the basic values of personal development, but also determines the vector of harmonious development of the entire society, constituting the wealth and strength of the nation.

Bibliography:

Kholodov Zh.K. Kuznetsov V.S. Theory and methodology of physical education and sports. – M., Academy. – 2004. – 480 p.

2. Maksimenko A.M. Fundamentals of the theory and methodology of physical culture. – M. – 1999. –321 p.

3. Zavadich V.N. Formation of spiritual culture. Dis... cand. ped. Sci. - Lugansk. – 1997. – 190 p. 4

4. Frenkin A.A. Aesthetics of physical culture. – M., Physical education and sports. – 1963.- 151 p. 5

5. Bekh I.D. Vyhovannya speciality. – T.2. – Kiev, “Libid”. –2003. – 342 p. 6. Utkin V.L. Optimization of human motor activity. - M., Physical education and sports. – 1971. – 250 p.

7. Gorinevsky V.V. Selected works. – M., Physical education and sports. – 1951. – T. 1. – 319 p.

8. Lesgaft P.F. Collection of pedagogical essays. – M., Physical education and sports. – 1951.- T.1.- P. 295.

It has become fashionable to talk about health problems everywhere: in the media, on television, in educational institutions. Many people really understand and accept this value, but what is traditionally included in this concept - health or, as they say today, individual human health? What is his physical and spiritual essence? It is worth understanding whether we generally define the concept of “individual health” correctly for ourselves.

Public and individual health. What is the difference?

The concept of public health is quite broad and includes the concept of well-being and welfare of society. The state of the psychological climate of society depends on the indicator of the health index of society. People sometimes hear the definitions of “sick society”, “infected society”, “unfavorable climate of the team” - these phrases directly reflect the state and problems of functioning of a certain team or part of it, but not an individual member of this team. The concept of individual health is distinguished by specificity and substantive reference to a specific person; it has several components, first of all, such as spiritual and physical health.

Without taking into account all components, the concept will be incomplete. In connection with the concept, it is characterized as a positive state of the individual personality, which is in harmony between all components of the concept of individual health: its physical, spiritual and social essence.

Physical well-being, its place in a comprehensive health system

The emotional comfort of an individual directly depends on physical comfort. The concept of physical health, in a narrow sense, means the absence of diseases and somatic disorders of the body. In a broader sense, physical health is ensured by motor tone, balanced nutrition, hardening and cleansing of the body, a combination of mental and physical labor with the ability to rest, and exclusion from the use of various psychoactive substances.

A person may not have a history of diseases, pathologies of systems and organs, but the overall tone of the body is significantly reduced, sleep is disturbed, and mental activity is unproductive. This, first of all, indicates that a person’s physical and spiritual health are in disharmony, which will gradually lead to the occurrence of psychosomatic complications and subsequently to diseases at the physical level.

Factors influencing the physical health of an individual

It is believed that the state of a person’s physical health directly depends on the factor of heredity. Genetic predisposition to certain diseases leads to constitutional weakening of specific organs, which over time becomes the cause of the development of pathologies. The next, no less important factor is a person’s lifestyle, the presence of bad habits, and the level of awareness of factors harmful to human health. A person provokes many diseases himself, neglecting the rules of a healthy lifestyle and succumbing to temptations and temptations. In this regard, a close connection between the concepts of spiritual and physical health is clearly visible.

Human spiritual health

The concept of the spiritual component of individual health is usually understood as a person’s ability to cope with difficult life circumstances, while maintaining an adequate model of behavior and an optimal emotional background. Spiritual health is ensured by the process of thinking, knowledge of the world around us and correct orientation in it. A person can achieve perfect spiritual health:

having learned to live in harmony with yourself and with the world around you at the same time;
learning to predict and simulate life situations;
forming your own response style.

A person’s spiritual and physical health, being in close relationship, jointly influence the indicator of general well-being: a disorder of spiritual health entails a deterioration in physical indicators and vice versa.

Factors shaping the spiritual component of human health

Understanding what this is and following it is not given to everyone: many, knowing the rules, nevertheless prefer to live without rules. Therefore, the first and main factor influencing spiritual health is the attitude towards a healthy lifestyle. A person tends to repeat those types of behavior that bring pleasure, so giving up some eating habits and harmful stereotypes can be quite difficult. Naturally, choosing a healthy lifestyle requires a high level of understanding and interest and directly depends on the individual lifestyle.

An equally important factor when choosing a lifestyle is the environment, which demonstrates different models of existence and forms stable behavioral stereotypes among individual members. The environment, as is known, directly affects individual health; its physical and spiritual essence depend on the level of motivation to follow the rules of a healthy lifestyle.

or the ability to live in society

The concept refers to a person’s ability to adapt in natural and social environments. It is achieved by the ability to anticipate the occurrence of threatening and unusual situations, assess their possible consequences, make an informed decision and act in accordance with one’s capabilities. The concept of social adaptation includes the complete adaptation of a person to the conditions of the group. The physical, social and spiritual health of each member of society constitutes the overall social well-being of the team. In a healthy society, non-standard situations arise much less frequently and, as a rule, are of a natural nature.

Factors influencing social health

An important social factor is the state of the environment in which a person lives. Pollution of natural resources leads to an increase in the stress level of the body, physical disorders in the human condition, and a decrease in the emotional level. An equally important factor is the availability of quality medical care, which significantly reduces the risk of complications in people. Against this background, the level of physical well-being and emotional stress significantly increases or decreases, and the spiritual component of health suffers. Spiritual and physical health, together with social health, constitutes individual health. Moreover, all three components are equally significant and complementary.

Health as the main value

Understanding and awareness of health as the main value in the modern world is not given to everyone. Most often, a person brings career, material wealth, prestige in society to the fore, forgetting about health and inner harmony. Only after losing health do people begin to understand its value, but regaining what was lost can be difficult and sometimes impossible.

A modern parable about a rich man tells how a young businessman amassed a huge fortune and lived only for the joy of profit and money. One day the Angel of Death came for him and ordered him to get ready. The businessman asked to give him a little time, because he did not have time for the most important thing in life, but the Angel was inexorable. Then the young man decided to buy some time and offered a million, then two, then his entire fortune for a few days of his life. It was not possible to buy life, since money has no value; a successful businessman went after the Angel without completing the main thing in his life. Individual health, its physical, spiritual and social essence are in harmony when a person correctly sets priorities and follows them.

Is a harmoniously developed personality the key to health?

Considering that the three components of individual health interact and complement each other, it can be argued that the key to human health will be internal and external harmony. A person’s individual health, his physical and spiritual essence cannot be perfect without social well-being; in turn, a person with a disturbed physical or spiritual nature cannot be socially adapted. Healthy nutrition, emotional comfort, positive psychological attitude, correct prioritization are the key to a harmoniously developed personality with perfect physical, spiritual, and social health. It’s hard to find such a person now. But it is in your hands to become one.

Research in the field of human development has revealed a number of important patterns, without which it is impossible to design and organize effective educational activities. Practical pedagogy is based on the laws of physical development:

1. At a younger age, a person’s physical development is faster and more intense; As a person gets older, the rate of development slows down.

2. Physically, the child develops unevenly: in some periods - faster, in others - slower.

3. Each organ of the human body develops at its own pace; in general, body parts develop unevenly and disproportionately.

Spiritual development is inextricably linked with the physical, the dynamics of which also have significant fluctuations due to the uneven maturation of the nervous system and the development of mental functions.

Research shows that significant differences between people are expressed primarily in the levels of intellectual activity, structure of consciousness, needs, interests, motives, moral behavior, and level of social development. Spiritual development is subject to a number of general laws.

There is an inversely proportional relationship between a person’s age and the rate of spiritual development: the lower the age, the higher the rate of spiritual development; With age, the pace of spiritual development slows down.

The spiritual development of people is uneven. Under any, even the most favorable conditions, mental functions and personality traits that underlie spiritual qualities are not at the same level of development. In certain periods of development, more favorable conditions arise for the development of individual qualities, and some of these conditions are temporary, transitory.

There are optimal periods for the formation and growth of certain types of mental activity and the development of spiritual qualities determined by them.

As the human psyche and its spiritual qualities develop, they acquire stability and constancy, while maintaining plasticity and the possibility of compensation. This reveals the most complex dialectic of human development: on the one hand, mental development represents the gradual development of mental states into personality traits, on the other hand, their It can always be changed for the better if the proper conditions are created and adequate actions are taken (I.P. Pavlov).

Acceleration (from Latin - acceleration) is accelerated physical and partly mental development in childhood and adolescence. Biologists associate acceleration with the physiological maturation of the body, psychologists - with the development of mental functions, and teachers - with spiritual development and socialization of the individual. Teachers associate acceleration not so much with an accelerated pace of physical development, but with a mismatch in the processes of physiological maturation of the body and the socialization of the individual.

Before the advent of acceleration, which began to be noticed in the 60-70s, the physical and spiritual development of children and adolescents was balanced. As a result of acceleration, the physiological maturation of the body begins to outstrip the pace of mental, mental, and social development. A discrepancy arises, which can be expressed as follows: the body grows faster than the mental functions, which are the basis of intellectual, social, and moral qualities, mature.

Most likely, acceleration is due to the complex influence of many factors.

Since the mid-80s, acceleration throughout the world has declined, and the pace of physiological development has dropped somewhat.

In parallel with acceleration, another phenomenon is noted - retradition, i.e. retardation of children in physical and mental development, which is caused by a violation of the genetic mechanism of heredity, the negative impact on the development process, starting from the moment of inception, of carcinogenic substances, an unfavorable ecological environment in general and, in particular, excess background radiation. There are delays not only in physical, but also in mental development.

PHYSICAL CULTURE AS A UNITY OF PHYSICAL AND SPIRITUAL IMPROVEMENT OF PERSONALITY

Parameter name	Meaning
Article topic:	PHYSICAL CULTURE AS A UNITY OF PHYSICAL AND SPIRITUAL IMPROVEMENT OF PERSONALITY
Rubric (thematic category)	Sport

Moskvin N. G.

Branch of Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University in Naberezhnye Chelny

Naberezhnye Chelny, Russia

The social nature of physical culture, as one of the areas of socially conditioned activities of society, is determined primarily by the direct and indirect need of labor and other forms of human activity, the desire of society for its widespread use as one of the most important means of education. The results of physical education are expressed in terms of health, physical strength, endurance, active motor activity, development of motor skills and abilities, physiological and psychological functions of the body. Achieving these results is ensured by methods, means, forms, conditions, factors of physical education. The achieved results and everything that this process provides are of significant general cultural value and are an integral layer of modern culture.

VC. In this regard, Balsevich writes: “First of all, the concept of “physical culture” can have the meaning of one of the phenomena of the culture of life not only of an individual, but also of various human communities and society as a whole. Secondly, based on the general meaning of the concept of “culture,” this phenomenon presupposes a conscious transformation, “cultivation” of human physicality and mentality, a reasonable and competent attitude to this process, both of the individual and of society. Thirdly, it turns out to be responsible for the spiritual development of society and the individual, as one of the most important incentives for the formation of a culture of their relationship with nature and to nature, incl. and to nature in man. The latter, to our general regret, continues to remain unconscious and misunderstood by the vast majority of people, their communities and the structures that govern them.

Taking into account the nature of values, it is customary to distinguish material and spiritual culture. The first includes the totality of material goods, the means of their production, the second - the totality of all knowledge, all forms of thinking and the entire sphere of worldview. These elements of culture are inextricably linked. Man's material production activity lies at the basis of his activity in other areas of life. On the other hand, the results of his mental activity are materialized, transformed into things, technical means, works of art.

In this regard, the problem of the possibility of classifying physical culture as either material or spiritual culture, or a separate type of culture, where both the material and spiritual aspects of this phenomenon are organically combined, is debatable. M.S. Kagan considers physical culture to be an area of material culture, since it is the method and result of man’s transformation of his own natural reality in the true cultivation of the anatomical and physiological qualities given to man by nature.

L.P. Matveev emphasizes that the connection between physical culture and material culture is manifested in the process of physical activity, which constitutes its main content. “Physical activity in this regard is our “self-production”.

Another part of scientists classifies physical culture as spiritual culture, citing the fact that man is not a mechanism, but, above all, spirituality. The priority of spirituality, according to I.M. Bykhovskaya, is manifested in the fact that physical culture is not an area of direct “work with the body,” although it is the bodily and motor qualities of a person that are the subject of interest in this area. Like any sphere of culture, physical culture is, first of all, “work with the human spirit, his inner, and not the outer world.”

As noted by V.M. Vydrin, physical culture is organically connected with spiritual culture, since it develops imaginative thinking; in its sphere there is a process of creativity, the formation of ideas and perceptions of beauty created by the means and forms of manifestation of physical culture. It is also characterized by the processes of predicting the results of motor activity, which is one of the aspects of spiritual culture. He emphasizes that physical culture as part of general culture directed for the harmonious development of all natural essential forces and the moral spirit of man. In other words, physical culture embodies the unity of the material and spiritual: on the one hand, it is aimed at and has as its results the “social transformation” of one’s body, on the other hand, it acts as a process and result of enriching a person with knowledge and methods of this transformation. For this reason, reducing physical culture only to purely spiritual activity or only to physical, bodily development impoverishes the content of this concept and creates a misconception about its essence. It should not be attributed only to material culture, since the reflection of the material existence of society or an individual is not its main characteristic as a social phenomenon. For the same reason, it should not be attributed only to spiritual culture, although social consciousness is reflected in its sphere.

In the modern theory of physical culture, the tendency to use a philosophical and cultural approach when considering the phenomenon of physical culture and the mechanism of its formation by each individual is increasingly emerging. In this regard, the question is often raised not about “physical”, but about “physical education” of a person. If in the word “physical” the emphasis is traditionally placed on the motor, biological, then in the term “physical culture” there is culture, that is, education through culture, through the development of the value potential of physical culture. The fundamental principle of physical education is the unity of the worldview, intellectual and physical components in the formation of the physical culture of the individual, which determines the close relationship and interdependence in the development of the spiritual, sensory-emotional, intellectual and physical spheres of a person.

A qualitatively new stage of understanding the essence of physical culture is associated with its influence on the spiritual sphere of a person, as one of the effective means of intellectual, moral, and aesthetic education.

The peculiarity of the phenomenon of physical culture, in contrast to its other spheres, is, first of all, that it most naturally combines the social and biological in a person into a single whole. Physical culture as a phenomenon of general culture is unique. It was she, according to V.K. Balsevich, is a natural bridge that allows you to connect the social and biological in human development.

L.I. Lubysheva believes that in a civilized society the “physical culture of the individual” comes to the fore. The author says that the physical culture of an individual is a person’s concern for his physical condition, the ability to effectively use physical education means, a person’s “physical culture mentality,” the level of knowledge in the field of physical culture, the willingness to help other people in their recovery and physical improvement.

Physical culture, in direct accordance with the humanistic paradigm of education, is defined by V.K. Balsevich as an individual’s activity of positive self-transformation, during which tasks of the physical, psychological, intellectual and moral plane are solved, and the results of this activity are achieved in the form of a system of values formed by it.

The UNESCO International Charter of Physical Education and Sport states: “It is extremely important to give an important place in educational programs to educational activities based on the values of sport and the consequences of the interaction between sport, society and culture.”

Another important international document - the European Manifesto “Young People and Sport”, adopted at the 8th Conference of European Ministers of Sports in May 1995 in Lisbon, defines the focus of sports on: 1) the development of mental, physical and social qualities; 2) teaching aesthetic values, justice, discipline; 3) fostering respect for oneself and other people, including minority groups; 4) teaching tolerance and responsibility as a prerequisite for life in a democratic society; 5) education of self-control and development of positive personality traits; 6) promotion of a healthy lifestyle.

The powerful health-improving potential of physical culture and sports, the capabilities of this area in the formation of the moral and volitional qualities of young people and harmoniously developed personalities have been underestimated in Russia for many years. Nevertheless, physical education and sports activities occupy one of the leading places in the ranking of youth interests.

Analysis of theoretical sources indicates that education in children's and youth sports schools, where young athletes devote a lot of effort and time to training and competitions, deserves special attention.

The connections between physical culture and sports with the moral development of the individual and the formation of his personal attitudes are especially complex and specific. Almost the entire process of playing sports, its entire organization, have a direct or indirect influence on the development of the moral qualities of an individual, and this influence can be both positive and negative.

Playing sports requires a lot of time, a lot of effort and long training. This fosters such personality qualities as determination, perseverance, and collectivism. At the same time, intensive sports activities can also have negative consequences: lead to limited interests, deformation of life values. Participation in competitions contributes to the formation of will, determination, and the ability to control oneself. But in some cases it can lead to the development of individualism, the desire to achieve victory at any cost. The very possibility of manifestation of positive or negative impacts of sport on the process of formation of the spiritual world of an individual depends to a decisive extent on the effectiveness of educational work.

In modern conditions, when the entire population of Russia, including young people and children, are experiencing a situation of revaluation of values in all spheres of public life, sport is one of the few institutions designed to solve the problem of shaping the spiritual life of society through the formation of value orientations.

One of the very old attempts to practically solve the problem of physical and spiritual development of the individual in their dialectical unity is the eastern martial arts, which are an amazingly harmonious fusion of deep spirituality and physical perfection of a person. The idea of eastern martial arts is attractive to those who are not limited to sports and who value the high ideals of the masters. Sincere service to the idea gives a chance to preserve a certain oasis of spirituality, which is greener thanks to the never-ending springs of the cultural tradition of the East. Behind this is the whole Eastern mentality and a specific approach to craftsmanship. The main concern is the improvement and liberation of the spirit and consciousness, which is combined with extraordinary determination and patience. They are based on the study of natural patterns and the awakening of one’s own natural powers through persistent and long-term training. In the East, acquiring complete mastery of the spirit over the physical and technical side is an axiom. Otherwise, the harmony of body, technique and spirit would remain an incomprehensible ideal, and karate, which interests us, would lose its value as a martial art. Martial arts, incl. and karate, are needed by humanity as a way of holistic social education of an individual, his intellectual development, his familiarization with the collective experience accumulated by humanity, with age-old wisdom, specific socio-historical interests, aspirations, and ideals.

In this regard, the spread of oriental martial arts in the Russian cultural tradition of R.V. Kryuchkov considers it not only as a type of sports personal improvement, but also as a type of spiritual practice, which has a great influence on the formation of value orientations of athletes. He calls the main mechanism that allows purposefully forming the value orientations and motivational tendencies of athletes the mechanism of sociocultural identification, implemented through a program that includes psychoregulatory training with elements of teaching Eastern traditions, knowledge and moral values of Eastern culture.

Moreover, physical culture is an integral part of the universal culture of society, solving socially significant problems of personality formation. It embodies the unity of the material and spiritual: on the one hand, it is aimed at the “social transformation” of one’s body, on the other, it acts as a process of enriching a person with knowledge and methods of this transformation. The specific results of an individual’s appropriation of the values of modern physical culture are the physical and moral improvement of the individual, ensuring his readiness for life in society in various fields of activity and communication at a socially acceptable level.

When solving the problem of the relationship between the physical and spiritual aspects of physical culture, the philosophical and cultural approach is currently becoming increasingly important.

One of the effective means of implementing this approach is oriental martial arts, which represent a harmonious fusion of deep spirituality and physical perfection of a person. In modern conditions, when Russia is experiencing a crisis of public consciousness, value orientations and attitudes are changing, leading to loose morals, an increase in the crime rate of society, an increase in crime and violence, including among teenagers, oriental martial arts can and should be used as an effective means of developing spirituality.

PHYSICAL CULTURE AS THE UNITY OF PHYSICAL AND SPIRITUAL IMPROVEMENT OF PERSONALITY - concept and types. Classification and features of the category "PHYSICAL CULTURE AS THE UNITY OF PHYSICAL AND SPIRITUAL IMPROVEMENT OF PERSONALITY" 2017, 2018.