In the morning I look out of a piece of window. Stories by Russian writers about the beauty of winter

Date of birth: December 12, 1766
Date of death: June 3, 1826
Place of birth: Znamenskoye estate in Kazan province

Nikolay Karamzin- great historian and writer of the 18th and 19th centuries. Nikolai Mikhailovich Karamzin was born in family estate Znamenskoye in the Kazan province on December 12, 1766.

His family came from Crimean Tatars, his father was an average landowner, retired officers, his mother died when Nikolai Mikhailovich was still just a child. His father was involved in his upbringing, and he also hired tutors and nannies. Karamzin spent his entire childhood on the estate, received an excellent education at home, and read almost all the books in his mother’s extensive library.

His love for foreign progressive literature had a great influence on his work. The future writer, publicist, famous critic, honorary member of the Academy of Sciences, historiographer and reformer of Russian literature, loved to read F. Emin, Rollin and other European masters of words.

After receiving home education Karamzin entered a noble boarding school in Simbirsk, in 1778 his father assigned him to an army regiment, which gave Karamzin the opportunity to study at the most prestigious Moscow boarding school at Moscow University. He was in charge of the boarding house I.I. Schaden, under his strict guidance Karamzin studied humanitarian sciences, and also attended lectures at the university.

Military service:

His father was confident that Nikolai should continue to serve his homeland in the army, and then Karamzin found himself in active service in the Preobrazhensky Regiment. Military career did not attract the future writer and he almost immediately took a year's leave, and in 1784 he received a decree on his resignation with the rank of lieutenant.

Secular period:

Karamzin was very famous in secular society; he met the most different people, turns on the masses useful connections, enters the Masonic society, and also begins to work in the literary field. He is actively involved in the development of the first children's magazine in Russia" Children's reading for the heart and mind."

In 1789 he decides to go to big Adventure around Europe, during which he met with E. Kant, visited the height of the Paris Revolution and witnessed the fall of the Bastille. A large number of European events allowed him to collect a large number of material for the creation of “Letters from a Russian Traveler,” which immediately gained enormous popularity in society and was received with a bang by critics.

Creation:

After finishing his European trip, he took up literature. He founded his own “Moscow Magazine”, and it published the brightest “star” of his sentimental creativity - “ Poor Lisa"Russian sentimentalism unconditionally recognizes him as a leader after the release of this creation. In 1803, he was noticed by the emperor himself and became a historiographer. At this moment, he began work on the enormous work of his entire life, “History of the Russian State.” It is worth noting that when compiling of this monumental work, he advocated the preservation of all orders, showed his conservatism and doubts regarding any government reforms.

In 1810 he received the Order of St. Vladimir III degree, six years later received high rank State Councilor and became a Knight of the Order of St. Anna, 1st degree. Two years later, the first 8 volumes of “History of the Russian State” were released; the work was instantly sold out, was republished many times, and also translated into several European languages. He was close imperial family, and therefore spoke out in favor of preserving absolute monarchy. He never finished his enormous work, Volume XII was published after his death.

Personal life:

Karamzin married Elizaveta Ivanovna Protasova in 1801. The marriage was short-lived; the wife died after giving birth to her daughter Sophia. Nikolai Karamzin’s second wife was Ekaterina Andreevna Kolyvanova.

Karamzin died due to an aggravated cold, which he received after the Decembrist uprising in Senate Square. He rests in the Tikhvin cemetery. Karamzin was one of the fundamentalists of Russian sentimentalism, reformed the Russian language, added many new words to the vocabulary. He was one of the first creators of a comprehensive general work on the history of Russia.

Important Milestones in the life of Nikolai Karamzin:

Born 1766
- Assignment to army regiments in 1774
- Admission to the Schaden boarding school in 1778
- Valid army service in 1781
- Retirement with the rank of lieutenant in 1784
- Work in the first children's magazine in 1787
- Beginning of a two-year journey through Europe in 1789
- Publishing house of the new "Moscow Magazine" in 1791
- Publication of "Poor Lisa" in 1792
- Marriage to Elizaveta Protasova in 1801
- Beginning of publication of the "Bulletin of Europe" and the death of his wife in 1802
- Obtaining the position of historiographer and starting work on the enormous work “History of the Russian State” in 1803
- Marriage to Ekaterina Kolyvanova in 1804
- Receiving the Order of St. Vladimir III degree in 1810
- Obtaining the rank of state councilor, as well as receiving the Order of St. Anne, 1st degree
- Receiving the title of honorary member Imperial Academy Sciences, membership in the same academy since 1818
- Death in 1826

Interesting facts from the biography of Nikolai Karamzin:

Karamzin owns popular expression about Russian reality, when asked about what is happening in Russia: “They are stealing”
- Researchers and critics believe that “Poor Liza” is named after Protasova
- Karamzin’s daughter Sophia was accepted by secular society, became a maid of honor at imperial court, was friends with Lermontov and Pushkin
- Karamzin had 4 daughters and 5 sons from his second marriage
- Pushkin was a frequent guest of the Karamzins, but his love for Ekaterina Kolyvanova became the cause of discord between the writers

Sokolov-Mikitov I.

I
The hot summer has flown by Golden autumn, snow fell - winter has come. Cold winds blew. The trees stood bare in the forest, waiting for winter clothes. The spruce and pine trees became even greener. Many times snow began to fall in large flakes, and when people woke up, they did not recognize the fields, such an extraordinary light shone through the window. At the first powder the hunters went hunting. And all day long the loud barking of dogs could be heard throughout the forest.

II
A running trail of a hare stretched across the road and disappeared into the spruce forest. Foxy, stitched, paw by paw, winding along the road. The squirrel ran across the road and, raising its fluffy tail, waved at the tree. At the tops of the trees there are clusters of dark purple cones. Lively birds - crossbills - are jumping over the cones. And below, on the mountain ash, busty red-throated bullfinches scattered.

III
The couch potato bear is the best in the forest. In the fall, the thrifty Bear prepared a den. He broke soft spruce branches and tore the fragrant, resinous bark. Warm and cozy in a bear forest apartment. Mishka is lying down, turning from side to side. He did not hear how a cautious hunter approached the den.

Winter night

Sokolov-Mikitov I.

Night has fallen in the forest. Frost taps on the trunks and branches of thick trees, and light silver frost falls in flakes. In the dark high in the sky Visibly and invisibly, the bright winter stars scattered. Quietly, silently winter forest and in forest snowy glades.

But even in frosty winter nights continues hidden life In the woods. A frozen branch crunched and broke - it was a white hare running under the trees, softly bouncing. Something hooted and suddenly laughed terribly: somewhere an owl screamed. The wolves howled and fell silent.

Light weasels run across the diamond tablecloth of snow, leaving patterns of footprints, ferrets hunt for mice, and owls silently fly over the snowdrifts.

Like a fairy-tale sentry, a big-headed gray owlet sat down on a bare branch. In the darkness of the night, he alone hears and sees how life goes on in the winter forest, hidden from people.

New Year

Wagner N.P.

Happy New Year! Happy New Year! And everyone is cheerful and happy about his birth.

He was born exactly at midnight! When old year- a gray-haired, decrepit old man - goes to bed in the dark archive of history, then New Year he just opens his baby eyes and looks at the whole world with a smile.

And everyone is glad to see him, cheerful, happy and satisfied. Everyone congratulates each other, everyone says:

He will be born in the thunder of music, in the bright light of lamps and candelabra. The traffic jams are popping! Wine is poured into glasses, and everyone is having fun, everyone clinks their glasses and says:
- Happy New Year! Happy New Year!

And in the morning, when the ruddy frosty sun of the New Year sparkles with millions of diamond sparkles on the sidewalks, houses, horses, signs, trees; when pink, elegant smoke flies out of all the chimneys, and pink steam from all faces and mouths, then the whole city will bustle and run around. The carriages will creak, roll in all directions, the sleds will fly, the runners will screech on the polished snow. Everyone will go and run to each other to congratulate each other on the birth of the New Year.

Here's a big one a wide street! People are scurrying back and forth along the sidewalks. Slowly, importantly, warm fur coats with beaver collars pass by. Overcoats and patched coats are running. With a measured, quick step - in step: one, two, one, two - the brave soldiers are running, marching...

Kotya

Wagner N.P.

Do you know how the sideways bunny jumps through the snowdrifts in winter?

Breeze in winter time evil-despicable. He'll cut right through you, pinch your nose, ears, and cheeks, so much so that you just start crying. The wind is blowing, sweeping and causing such snowdrifts everywhere that you can’t walk or drive. It will do miracles and calm down, calm down, happy and content, sleeping and lying down. And the sun will shine like diamonds on the snow. And so, in this quiet, sunny time, the scythe will jump up and start jumping and running - he will be happy about the sun and calm weather. He will jump onto a snowdrift and fall through, jump out, rub his face, ears, and paws, shake off his mustache and burst into tears again: he will run head over heels, like a wheel. Jumping gallop! jumping gallop! What an expanse!

Freezing. (From the story “Pines”)

Bunin I.A.

Morning. I look out the piece of window not covered in frost, and I don’t recognize the forest. What splendor and tranquility!
Above the deep, fresh and fluffy snow that has filled up the thicket of spruce trees there is a blue, huge and surprisingly gentle sky... The sun is still behind the forest, a clearing in the blue shadow. In the ruts of the sled track, cut in a bold and clear semicircle from the road to the house, the shadow is completely blue. And on the tops of the pines, on their lush green crowns, golden sunlight is already playing... Two jackdaws loudly and joyfully said something to each other. One of them flew down onto the very top branch of a thick green, slender spruce, swayed, almost losing its balance, and rainbow snow dust fell thickly and began to slowly fall. The jackdaw laughed with pleasure, but immediately fell silent... The sun rises, and the clearing becomes quieter and quieter...

It is snowing.

Voronkova L.

The chilly winds blew, and winter roared into the trumpet: “I’m going-o-o... I’m wandering-o-o...!”

The dirt on the road hardened and became as hard as stone. The puddles were frozen to the bottom. The whole village became dark and boring - the road, the huts, and the vegetable garden. Tanya sat at home, played with dolls and did not look outside. But the grandmother came from the well and said:
- Here comes the snow!

Tanya ran to the window:
Where did the snow start?

Outside the window, snowflakes were falling and swirling thickly, so thickly that even the neighboring yard could not be seen through them. Tanya grabbed a scarf and ran out onto the porch:
- It is snowing!

The whole sky and all the air were full of snowflakes. Snowflakes flew, fell, swirled and fell again. They lay down on the stale dirt on the road. And on all the village roofs. And on the trees. And onto the porch steps. And on Tanya’s green flannel scarf... Tanya put her palm up - they fell onto her palm. When snowflakes fly, they are like fluff. And when you look closer, you will see stars, and they are all different. One has jagged rays, the other has sharp arrows. But I didn’t have to look at them for long - the snowflakes melted on the warm palm.

After lunch, Tanya went out for a walk and did not recognize her village. It became all white - and the roofs were white, and the road was white, and the garden was white, and the meadow was white... And then the sun came out, and the snow sparkled. And Tanya felt so happy, as if the holiday had arrived.

She ran to Alyonka and knocked on the window:
- Alyonka, come out quickly - winter has come to us!

Winter Oak (excerpts)

Nagibin Yuri Markovich

As soon as they entered the forest, they immediately found themselves in a world of calm and special silence.

It was white all around, the trees were all covered with snow down to the smallest twig. Only in the heights did the wind-blown tops of the birches appear black, and their thin branches seemed drawn in ink on the blue surface of the sky.

The path ran along the stream. Sometimes the trees parted, revealing sunny, cheerful clearings, crossed out by the tracks of a hare. There were also large tracks of some large animal. The tracks went into the very thicket, into the brown forest.

- Sokhaty has passed! - the boy said as if about a good friend, seeing that Anna Vasilyevna was interested in the tracks. - Just don’t be afraid, - he added, seeing how the teacher peered into the depths of the forest, - the elk - he is quiet.

-Have you seen him? - asked the teacher.

- Himself?.. Alive?..- Savushkin sighed. “No, I didn’t see it,” he said with some hidden sadness.

The path ran down to the stream again. In some places the stream was covered with a thick blanket of snow, in some places it was powdered with snow, through which ice was visible, and sometimes dark living water could be seen among the snow and ice.

- Why didn’t he freeze? - asked Anna Vasilievna.

- In him warm springs beat. Do you see the trickle there?

Anna Vasilievna, bending over the wormwood, looked at the thin stream that rose from the bottom and, without reaching the surface of the stream, burst into small bubbles.

“There are so many of these springs,” Savushkin said enthusiastically, as if he had counted them all. “A living stream under the snow...

He swept away the snow with a felt boot, and tar-black, but so clear water appeared.

Anna Vasilyevna threw snow into the water. The snow did not melt, but hung in the water like a gelatinous mass. She liked it so much that she began to throw snow into the stream with the toe of her boot, rejoicing at how the stream murmured, as if alive, and carried away lumps of snow. During this activity, she did not notice how Savushkin went forward and, sitting on a branch hanging over the stream, was waiting for her.

- Look how thin the ice is, you can even see the current!

- No, Anna Vasilievna! It’s not the current that’s visible, but the shadow; I shook the branch, and that’s how the shadow moves. But it seems that this is a current.

Anna Vasilievna bit her tongue. Perhaps, here in the forest, it’s better for her to keep quiet. And they continued to walk a little visible path. The path went around a hawthorn bush, and the forest immediately spread out to the sides: in the middle of the clearing, in white, sparkling clothes, stood an oak tree, huge and majestic, like a cathedral. The trees seemed to respectfully part to allow him to unfold in full force. Its lower branches spread out over the clearing. Snow had packed into the deep wrinkles of the bark, and the thick, three-girth trunk seemed in the sun to be stitched with silver threads. The foliage, having dried out in the fall, barely flew around. The oak tree was covered to the very top with dry brown leaves sprinkled with snow.

So here it is, winter oak! - Anna Vasilievna burst out.

It all shone with myriads of tiny stars, iridescent, sparkling in the leaves, on the trunk, and shone with an extraordinary light. In his winter dream, he seemed to her like a fairy tale, living his own special, fairy-tale life.

Not knowing at all what was going on in the teacher’s soul, Savushkin was fiddling around at the foot of the oak tree, easily treating him as if he were an old acquaintance.

Anna Vasilievna, look!..

With effort, he rolled away a block of snow that was stuck underneath with soil and remnants of last year's grass. There, in the hole, lay a ball wrapped in cobweb-thin, rotted leaves. Sharp needles stuck out through the leaves.

- It's a hedgehog! - Anna Vasilievna exclaimed in surprise.

- Look how wrapped up he is! - said Savushkin and carefully covered the hedgehog with old leaves.

Then he dug up the snow at another root. A small grotto with a fringe of icicles on the arch opened. There was a brown frog sitting in it that looked like it was made of cardboard; her skin, stretched over the bones, seemed lacquered. Savushkin touched the frog, it did not move.

“Pretends,” he laughed, “as if she were dead.” Let the sun warm it up and it will jump oh-oh!

Savushkin continued to lead Anna Vasilyevna around his little world. The foot of the oak tree sheltered many more guests: beetles, lizards, some kind of boogers. Some were buried under the roots, others hid in the cracks of the bark; emaciated, as if empty inside, they endured the winter in deep sleep. A strong tree, overflowing with life, accumulated so much living warmth around itself that the poor beast and tiny, weightless insects could not find better housing for the winter.

...Having walked not far away, Anna Vasilievna last time I looked back at the oak tree, white and pink in the setting rays of the sun, and saw a small dark figure at its foot: Savushkin did not leave, he was guarding his teacher from afar. And with all the warmth of her heart Anna Vasilyevna realized that the most amazing thing in this forest was not the winter oak, but small man in worn felt boots, mended poor clothes, the son of a soldier who died for his homeland and a “shower nanny”, wonderful and mysterious person future.

She waved her hand at him and quietly moved along the winding path... What thoughts were hidden in her and the boy who remained near the winter oak tree, what did each of them feel?.. Yes, you can discover a lot for yourself on a remote path...

Goals and objectives:

• deepen work on identifying speech styles;
• learn to find in text elements, indicating style;
• independently draw conclusions and justify your answers;
• develop the ability to use socio-political vocabulary, means journalistic style, emotional impact on the listener, reader;
• upbringing universal human values(using the perception of texts of a moral nature).

Types of work:

1. Working with text (content, styles and types of speech).
2. Determination of artistic techniques and features of the text.
3. Individual work students (using cards).
4. Independent work(repetition and generalization of the material covered, preparation for the Unified State Exam).

During the classes

1. Organizational moment

2. Opening remarks

There are ancient sciences, the age of which is determined not even by centuries, but by millennia. For example, medicine, astronomy, geometry. They have a wealth of experience, traditions that date back to ancient times, develop and operate in our time. Thus, the custom of graduates of medical institutes taking the Hippocratic oath was born three thousand years ago and bears the name of the great Greek physician who lived in 460-356. BC e. on the island of Kos.

There are very young sciences that were born only in the last century. For example, ecology.

But there are also sciences whose age is very difficult to determine. Stylistics is one of these sciences. On the one hand, science as a subject was formed at the beginning of our century. But at the same time, people have long ago begun to think about what we say and how we say it. And this is what stylistics does - the science of styles. In addition, the term itself indicates “antiquity” - this is what the ancients called the pointed stick with which they wrote on wax tablets.

The topic of our lesson: Speech styles. ( Application)

Pay attention to the epigraph:

Tell me and I will forget;
Show me and I will remember;
Let me do it and I will understand.
Chinese parable

Communicate the objectives of the lesson.

3. Homework survey:

So, what do you know about functional speaking styles?

Work with teaching aid(pp. 108-109). Let's look at the table " Functional styles Russian language"

4. Test of knowledge. Practicing skills and abilities.

A number of Unified State Exam tasks specifically involve testing speech science knowledge - the ability to apply it to text analysis. This means that you must be fluent in conceptual and terminological apparatus: have a good knowledge of speech styles (and their main features), types of texts (and their characteristics), means and methods of connecting sentences in the text, and linguistic means of expression.

Now let’s put all the material into practice.

Each of you received worksheet, in which we will complete several tasks. Here are the texts for work, they are numbered.

Let's turn to text No. 1.

Exercise: determine what style of speech it belongs to this text, put emphasis on a word catalog.

In order to familiarize yourself with the range of products you produce, please send us catalogs of women's shoes indicating the size of the selling prices.

Director I.V. Ivanov

Let's turn to text number 2.

Exercise: determine the text style, place punctuation marks.

The spelling reform of 1918 brought writing closer to living speech (i.e., it abolished whole line traditional rather than phonetic spellings). The approach of spelling to living speech usually causes a movement in the other direction: the desire to bring pronunciation closer to spelling...

However, the influence of writing was controlled by the development of internal phonetic tendencies. Only those spelling features had a strong influence on literary pronunciation that helped develop the Russian phonetic system or contributed to the elimination of phraseological units in this system...

It should be emphasized that, firstly, these features were also known in late XIX V. And that, secondly, even now they cannot be considered completely victorious in modern Russian literary pronunciation. Old literary norms compete with them.

(Quoted from the book: Phonetics of modern Russian literary language. – M., 1968. P. 16-17).

Text by famous Russian linguist Mikhail Viktorovich Panov

This text implements the message function. Scientific style has a number of common features that manifest themselves regardless of the nature of the sciences themselves (natural, exact, humanities)

Next text number 3.

Listen to the following excerpt.

Morning. I look out of a piece of window that is not covered with frost, and I don’t recognize the forest. What splendor and tranquility!

Above the deep, fresh snow, covering the thickets of fir trees, there is a blue, huge and surprisingly gentle sky. We only have such bright, joyful colors in the mornings during the Afanasyevsky frosts. And they are especially good today, over fresh snow and green forest. The sun is still behind the forest, a clearing in the blue shadow. In the ruts of the sled track, cut in a bold and clear semicircle from the road to the house, the shadow is completely blue. And on the tops of the pines, on their lush green crowns, golden sunlight is already playing. And the pines, like banners, froze under the deep sky. (I.A. Bunin)

Vocabulary work: banner(s), zh.r. 1. In the old days: military banner.

2. An accessory for church processions is a large banner with images of saints mounted on a long pole.

Exercise: determine the style of the text, find and write out means of expressive speech.

Well done! We have repeated and deepened the knowledge of previously studied material.

Now please name the characteristic features of the journalistic style?

What does the journalistic style have in common with the artistic style?

What genres of journalistic style do you know?

(The genres of journalistic style include speeches of lawyers, orators, speeches in the press (article, note, report, feuilleton), as well as travel essay, portrait sketch, essay).

Teacher's word.

Journalism, which is called the chronicle of modernity, since it fully reflects current history, is addressed to topical problems of society - political, social, everyday, philosophical, etc., is close to fiction. Just like fiction, journalism is thematically inexhaustible, its genre range is enormous.

Vocabulary work.

• Fiction is narrative fiction.
• A fiction writer is the author of a narrative work.

Working with an interactive whiteboard:

Highlight words related to journalistic style

Assortment, fragrant, views, lack of spirituality, democratic, populist, rut, unprecedented, interview, exclusive, priority, backstage of power, immorality, feast, ammeter, extreme, politician, reformer, economic levers, brainwasher, rating.

Underline the names of the genres of journalism.

Elegy, ballad, novel, essay, tragedy, sonnet, story, feuilleton, epigram, short story, story, poem, interview, ode, fable, comedy, essay, article, satire.

Indicate in the list of topics only those problems that are the subject of discussion in journalistic literature.

• Construction of complex sentences;
• problems associated with man-made disasters;
• President elections;
• solution linear equations;
• compound chemical elements;
• work of the district administration;
• performer rating modern music;
• use of scuba gear for repair work under the water;
• literary analysis text.

Listen to a sample text in a journalistic style.( Appendix 2)

– Try to let D.S.’s main idea pass through you. Likhacheva

Intelligence is not only about knowledge, but about the ability to understand others. It manifests itself in a thousand and a thousand little things: in the ability to argue respectfully, to behave modestly at the table, in the ability to quietly (precisely imperceptibly) help another, to protect nature. Don’t litter around you - don’t litter with cigarette butts or swearing, bad ideas (this is also trash, and whatnot!)

Intelligence is the ability to understand, to perceive, it is a tolerant attitude towards the world and people.

Intelligence must be developed, trained, trained mental strength, how to train and physical. And training is possible and necessary in any conditions. (D.S. Likhachev)

Work on the text (in the form of assignment C - preparation for the Unified State Exam)

Now we have come to the end of our lesson.

– What did we work on in class?

Today in class we not only analyzed texts, but also tried to follow the writers' advice.

First of all, in any situation we must remain highly moral people who possess different styles, linguistic means that can freely navigate any sphere of communication. I saw that you have learned to feel the word.

Soon you will leave the walls of our school, but I really want you to first of all become truly intelligent.

Develop your intelligence!

Today's lesson (grading)

Homework

1. Repeat theoretical material on the topic “Functional speech styles”
2. Prepare a message on one of the sections of the topic (“Scientific style”) in the form of a multimedia presentation. (This assignment is not required for all students.) Only students who have an interest in the subject can complete it.)
3. From the educational manual (Author - N.A. Senin) complete tasks A 30-31; B 1-8 and C (option No. 5).

Colorvocabularyin the stories of I. A. Bunin.

The article is devoted to the consideration of the issue of color features of I. A. Bunin’s stories. Analyzed characteristics Bunin's color painting as expressive artistic technique. It has been proven that a number of colors chosen by the writer perform certain functions in sentences, they help create a complete image and evoke a certain association.

One of the most powerful human sensations is seeing the world in color. All artists and writers use this feature to one degree or another. human perception surrounding. I. A. Bunin said: “If I had no arms and legs and I could only sit on a bench and look at the setting sun, then I would be happy with it. You only need one thing - to see and breathe. Nothing gives such pleasure as paints.”

Bunin is one of the writers who has the art of noticing and recreating the smallest details, the finest nuances, trifles that are insignificant at first glance. It is they who turn into artistic detail, give an imaginary picture of the world, filled with many tones and halftones.In his opinion, the spiritual beauty of the world, which comprehends human life, reveals itself in multicolor. He writes about this like this:

“I... stood for hours, looking at that marvelous blue of the sky, turning into purple, which appears on a hot day against the sun in the tops of the trees, as if bathed in this blue, - and was forever imbued with a sense of the truly divine meaning and significance of earthly things. and heavenly colors. Summing up what life has given me, I see that this is one of the most important results. Even when I die, I will remember this purple blue, visible in the branches and foliage...” (“The Life of Arsenyev”).

In Bunin's work, the music of color sounds with incomparable power. The landscapes in his works are multicolored and colorful. Nature plays and shimmers with all colors, the images are picturesque, as if painted in watercolors.The description sounds like a hymn to eternal, undying life winter morning. (Story “Pines”) What a riot of colors and sensations is embodied in this small landscape:

"Morning. I look out of a piece of window that is not closed
frosty, and I don’t recognize the forest. What splendor and tranquility!

Above the deep, fresh snows that have filled up the thickets of fir trees is a blue, huge and surprisingly gentle sky. We only have such bright, joyful colorsmornings in Afanasyevsky frosts. And especially goodthey are today, above fresh snow and green forest. The sun is still behind the forest, a clearing in the blue shadow. In the ruts of the sled track, cut in a bold and clear semicircle from the road to the house, the shadow is completely blue. And on the tops of the pines, on their lush green crowns, the golden sunlight».

We see a blue shadow in a sled rut, blue sky, the sparkling whiteness of fresh snow, the blue shadow of a clearing, the dark, lush greenery of pine trees, gold sunlight. Here it is, the triumph of life over death. The landscape was created mainly with the help of epithets, each of which carries a life-affirming emotional charge.

The most attractive for Bunin is the contrast between white and deep dark: “The visitor... slept well in... the compartment, behind which he spent the entirenight... walkedblack-green, in white sugar spruce forests..." ("Fungus"); “In the yard you can’t see anything inwhite blizzarddarkness..." (“Oaks”);“In... the glass of the windows...turned black night and closeturned white paws of branches in the front garden weighed down with layers of snow” (“Ballad”); “... flashed illuminated by the trainwhite snow slopes andblack thickets of pine forest." The antonymy of color helps to see in his works the contrast, the changeability of the state of nature, the complex range of perception of the surrounding world, which Bunin is able to metaphorically generalize, expressively and effectively “present” to the reader with the help of various original comparisons.

The adjective red, which has a very ramified synonymy (the synonym dictionary records 12 members synonymous series), in Bunin's texts you can select no more than seven. Adjectives such as red, bloody, red, scarlet, red, deep crimson, dark fiery can convey not only the attribute of an object, but also the state of the hero. Red, especially in combination with black, most often conveys sensuality. The heroine's former passion " Dark alleys"still smolders in her: “Full, with large breasts under a red blouse, with a triangular belly, like a goose’s, under a black woolen skirt..." [Red color in men's clothing often directly or indirectly indicates some aggressiveness of its owner. “A ten’s man, long, in a red shirt, walked towards him” (Story “Everyday Life”).

It is truly difficult to list the shades of blue, cyan, green, and yellow colors found by the artist. Bunin follows here the traditions of Russian painting, constantly looking for light touches, bold comparisons, drawing from them A New Look to the world:“purple blue” (“Life of Arsenyev”), “bluish darkness” at dawn (“Village”); “...the vines were covered... with yellowish greenery...” (“Mitya’s Love”).

Ivan Alekseevich quite often uses the adjectives red (as well as dark red, red-red, curly-red), rusty (and rusty-red), brick.

Bunin has a special passion for compound colorful definitions: “golden-blue air”; “golden-turquoise depth of the sky”; “golden saffron Arabian morning”; "pink-gold flame" ("Village"); “pink-golden sky” during a night thunderstorm (“Sukhodol”); “pink-silver Venus”;“black-purple cloud” (“Sukhodol”); “black and purple mud” (“Village”); “gray-violet ash” (“Sukhodol”); foothills - “gray-brown, golden-redspots on the slopes where the grass has burned out from the sun”; “yellow-gray... sands”; "gray-red clouds" ("Village")

It seems to the master of words that a two-color combination does not always succeed in achieving completeness in the depiction of color, and then Bunin adds: “The opposite hillock in the shallow black forest was bluish, with a pink tint.”

And sometimes he has to “invent” new colors. So, we meet wet-green, white-curly colors, as well as seemingly incompatible white-gray, red-black. For the most accurate description Bunin deploys three-part color definitions of objects: “golden-green-gray rods” (“Merry Yard”), which cannot but arouse admiration for the subtle natural instinct of the colorist.

Bunin has a variety of light verbs and verb forms:

“...she... went out... into... the dining room, pinkilluminated morning winter sun..." ("Life of Arsenyev"); "The light of dawn...spilled around the yard"; “By the clock he watched every light thatflickered and disappeared in the muddy milky fog of distant hollows...";". "is dawning light of the west..."; “It was getting dark in the village - only the windows of the huts on the pasture were stillshone copper glitter"

“...saw...a lonely green star,smoldering dispassionately..."(" Late hour"); "Cold and brightshone in the north above the heavy lead clouds there is liquid blue sky..." ("Antonov Apples").

Bunin’s colors glow, burn and move: “The spots of light on the snow in the twilight of the front garden glowed green”; “...a spacious white... yard, and a fresh track cut through itsled... sparkled pink”; “All the windows are green andThe icy lower windows sparkled sharply” (“Ignat”).

Bunin’s multi-colored landscapes do not dazzle the reader’s eyes, because each color in his work is not inscribed in nature, but spied on from it.And summing up the most important results of his life, Bunin will remember “that marvelous blue of the sky, turning into purple, which appears on a hot day against the sun in the tops of the trees, as if bathed in this blue...” - and will say: “This purple blue, shining through branches and foliage, even when I die I will remember...” (“The Life of Arsenyev”).

Bibliography

Nikolina N.A. Figurative word I.A. Bunina // Russian language at school. - 1990. - No. 4. - pp. 31-34

Zimina - Dyrda T.Yu. Functions of color images in portraits of characters (using the example of Bunin’s prose) // Questions of linguistics and literary criticism. - 2009. - No. 3 (7). - pp. 18-22

Kolobaeva L.A. Prose by I. Bunin: To help teachers, high school students and applicants. - M., 1998. - 157 p.

V. I. Kuleshov - Peaks: A book about outstanding works of Russian literature / M.: Det.lit., 1983.