Country area - more than 9.4 million km 2, The total length of the border is 12,248 km, the length of the coastline is 19,924 km
The country's area is more than 9.4 million km2 (9,363,200 km2 (land area - 9,166,600 km2)), and the country ranks fourth in area in the world (after Russia, Canada, China). The total length of the border is 12,248 km, the length of the coastline is 19,924 km)
- main US territory
- Alaska
The country consists of three parts:
1) the main territory of the United States, having the shape of a quadrangle, stretching from east to west for almost 4.7 thousand km, and from north to south for 3 thousand km
3) Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean
The benefits are:
1) access to two oceans at once (and if we take Alaska into account, then in the north the country is also washed by the Arctic Ocean). This has long facilitated trade relations with overseas countries and currently also contributes to the development of intercontinental ties.
2) neighboring position with Canada and Mexico, the borders with which run along conventional lines, rivers and lakes, promoting the development of trade and economic ties. These states are the country's main trading partners and, along with the United States, are members of the NAFTA economic customs union.
(Mexico and the countries of Latin America are economically less developed, due to this the US monopolies exploit their natural and labor resources at great profit).
3) remoteness from sources of international tension (from regions of political conflicts) in Europe and Asia has long guaranteed security. For more than 100 years, there has not been a single destructive war on the territory of the country, as in other parts of the world. She did not have to raise the war-torn economy from the ruins, as the countries of Europe had to do after the Second World War.
4) Favorable natural conditions. Climatic conditions allow the cultivation of not only plants of the temperate zone, but also many subtropical and even tropical plants. Water resources are abundant and varied, and the soils of the prairies and central parts of the country are highly fertile. Forest resources are significant, especially in Alaska and the Cordillera.
And, of course, due to the country’s position on various tectonic structures and a large area, the United States is well endowed with almost all mineral resources.
Conclusion:
Conclusion: The United States occupies a very advantageous EGP, both for the economic and social development of the country, and for exerting economic and political influence on other countries.
Political structure of the country According to the government system, the USA is a federal republic consisting of 50 states. The head of state is the president, elected for a 4-year term. The highest legislative body is the Congress (House of Representatives and Senate). Each state has its own constitution, its own legislative and executive authorities, an elected governor, as well as its own symbols.
Political structure of the country
According to the government system, the USA is a federal republic consisting of 50 states.
The head of state is the president, elected for a 4-year term.
The highest legislative body is Congress (House of Representatives and Senate)
Each state has its own constitution, its own legislative and executive authorities, an elected governor, as well as its own symbols.
In addition, the Federal District of Columbia, on whose territory the capital of the country, Washington, is located, is separately distinguished.
Country symbols(student reports about the symbols of the USA - flag, coat of arms, anthem, Statue of Liberty, etc.)
What has the country achieved during its development? What do you know about the country from the 10th grade course, from the media?
(sample student answers)
The USA is one of the main centers of the world economy;
The USA is a participant in various international integrations (NAFTA, APEC, NATO, UN)
Ranks 1st in the world in terms of the number of scientists and engineers
Leaders in the use of alternative energy sources: geothermal, wind, solar;
1st place in terms of vehicle fleet size;
1st place in the world in terms of air transportation volumes, etc.
In terms of economics, military-industrial complex and politics, the United States is one of the most powerful countries in the world.
Number
1. Number(298.4 million people) – 3rd place in the world
Type of reproduction
The country is at the stage of demographic transition, at its third stage /Topic 3 of the textbook p.64)
However, the country is experiencing population growth.
What is responsible for this increase? (due to immigration, the influx of population into the country from outside)
US demographic policy.
The demographic situation in the United States today looks more favorable than in the rest of the developed countries of the world. This is explained by the country’s dominant position in the world, attractiveness for migrants and the possibility of their selection in the interests of the country.
The bulk of immigrants are people of working and childbearing age.
USA is a multinational country
(the modern American nation is the result of the mixing and merging of settlers from different parts of the world and especially from Europe and Africa)
The USA is a multinational country. How was the American nation formed?
(the modern American nation is the result of the mixing and merging of settlers from different parts of the world and especially from Europe and Africa).
Representatives of more than a hundred ethnic groups live in the United States; they are divided into three main ethnic groups: (Slide 6)
1 – US Americans (descendants of immigrants of different nationalities)
2 - transitional migrants (who recently moved to the United States)
3 - aborigines (indigenous population - Indians, Eskimos, Aleuts)
At the moment, 9/10 of the country's total population are US Americans. They call themselves "Yankees". If you look at the census, 80% of everyone living in the United States comes from Europe:
46 million are British, 49.2 million are German, 40.2 million are Irish, 12.9 million are French, 12.2 are Italian, 2.8 are Russian.
In terms of average population density, the United States ranks 18th in the world - 31 people per 1 km 2
What differences characterize the distribution of population within a country?
(Almost 70% of the US population lives on 12% of the total area of the country. The differences are especially large between the coastal (lake) and mountain states: from 350-400 to 2-5 people per 1 km 2).
Reasons influencing population distribution 1. Natural conditions 2. Historical features 3. Current stage of demographic transition 4. Level of development, prevailing economic structure 5. Internal migration 6. Urbanization
What reasons influence the distribution of the population in the country?
Reasons influencing population distribution:
1. Natural conditions
2. Historical features
3.Current stage of demographic transition
4. Level of development, prevailing structure of the economy
5. Internal migrations
6. Urbanization
In total, the country has a population of 298.4 million people.
In cities - ¾ of the population.
Determine the level of urbanization in the country.
Description of the presentation by individual slides:
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PRESENTATION ON THE TOPIC: “USA” Prepared by English teacher, Secondary School No. 5, Timashevsk Kopylova Antonina Romanovna, Timashevsk, 2015
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About the country The United States of America is a country in North America. Area - 9,518,900 km² (fourth largest in the world in terms of territory). Population - more than 309 million people (third place). The capital is the city of Washington. The United States borders Canada, Mexico, and Russia. Washed by the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean. Administrative division: 50 states and the Federal District of Columbia; a number of island territories are also subordinate to the United States. The United States was formed in 1776 by the unification of thirteen British colonies that declared their independence. Economy: Currently the largest in the world ($14.2 trillion). The United States has powerful armed forces, including the largest navy, has a permanent seat on the UN Security Council, and is a founding state of the North Atlantic Alliance. The United States has the second largest nuclear potential on Earth.
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Geography The main territory of the United States (called the continental states) is located on the North American continent and extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west. In the south the USA borders with Mexico, in the north with Canada. In addition, the United States includes 2 more states. In the extreme northwest of the continent is the state of Alaska, which also borders Canada. The state of Hawaii is located in the Pacific Ocean. The border with Russia passes through the Bering Strait. The United States also owns a number of islands in the Caribbean (for example, Puerto Rico) and in the Pacific Ocean (American Samoa, Midway, Guam, etc.). There are several large physiographic regions in the United States.
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Relief In the east, the Appalachian mountain system stretches along the Atlantic coast. To the west and south of it, the surface levels out, forming low-lying areas through which the largest rivers of the United States flow. Further to the west, the area changes into vast plains and prairies called the Great Plains, which precede the mountainous regions of the Cordillera. Mountain ranges occupy the entire western part of the country and end rather sharply towards the Pacific coast. Most of Alaska is occupied by the northern Cordillera ranges. The Hawaiian archipelago is a series of volcanic islands up to 4205 m high.
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Rivers and lakes Rivers flow from the territory of the United States into the basins of three oceans - the Pacific, Atlantic and Arctic. The main watershed (between the Pacific and Atlantic oceans) runs through the eastern part of the Cordillera, and only a small part of the territory of the northern states and Alaska belongs to the Arctic Ocean basin. The meeting point of the three watersheds is located at Triple Divide Peak. The provision of water resources in different parts of the country is uneven - the height of the annual runoff layer in the states of Washington and Oregon is 60-120 cm, and on the internal plateaus and plateaus up to 10 cm. Large lakes are located in the north of the country - the Great Lakes. Smaller, endorheic salt lakes are found in the depressions of the Great Basin. Inland water resources are widely used in industrial and municipal water supply, irrigation, hydropower and shipping. Most of the US river flow belongs to the Gulf of Mexico basin of the Atlantic Ocean. The largest river system is formed by the Mississippi River (length 3,757 km, annual flow 180 km³) and its countless tributaries, the largest of which are the Missouri (length 4,127 km), Arkansas (2,364 km) and Ohio (1,579 km).
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The Great Lakes are a system of freshwater lakes in North America, the United States and Canada. Includes a number of large and medium-sized reservoirs connected by rivers and straits. The area is about 245.2 thousand km², the volume of water is 22.7 thousand km³. The Great Lakes proper include the five largest: Superior, Huron, Michigan, Erie and Ontario. Several medium-sized lakes are associated with them. The lakes belong to the Atlantic Ocean basin. St. Lawrence River flow. Great Lakes
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Niagara Falls is the common name for three waterfalls on the Niagara River, separating the American state of New York from the Canadian province of Ontario. Niagara Falls are Horseshoe Falls, sometimes also called Canadian Falls, American Falls and Veil Falls. Although the difference in height is not very great, the falls are very wide, and in terms of the volume of water passing through it, Niagara Falls is the most powerful in North America. The height of the waterfalls is 53 meters. The foot of the American Falls is obscured by a pile of rocks, which is why its apparent height is only 21 meters. The width of the American Falls is 323 meters, the Horseshoe Falls is 792 meters. The volume of falling water reaches 5700 or more m³/s. Niagara Falls
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Climate Since the country is located over a large territory, almost all climatic zones are represented. Most of the United States is located in the temperate climate zone, to the south the subtropical climate prevails, Hawaii and the southern part of Florida lie in the tropical zone, and northern Alaska belongs to the polar regions. The Great Plains west of the 100th meridian are classified as semi-deserts, the Great Basin and the areas around it have an arid climate, and coastal areas of California have a Mediterranean climate. The type of climate within the boundaries of one zone can vary significantly depending on the topography, proximity to the ocean and other factors. The main component of the US climate is the high-altitude jet stream - powerful air currents that bring moisture from the north Pacific region. Moisture-laden winds from the Pacific Ocean actively irrigate the western coast of the United States. Frequent tornadoes are a well-known feature of the North American climate, with the United States surpassing any other country in the number of tornadoes. Hurricanes are common in the United States. The East Coast, the islands of Hawaii and especially the southern US states bordering the Gulf of Mexico are most susceptible to this disaster.
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Flora The slopes of the Cordillera are covered with dense coniferous forests, the Appalachians - with forests of broad-leaved trees; There are almost no prairies left. Tundra vegetation is common in northern Alaska. Forests cover about 30% of the country's territory; Alaska's vegetation is predominantly tundra with mosses and lichens, but coniferous and mixed forests grow in the south of the state. In the north of the "continental" part of the USA, dense mixed forests grow: spruce, pine, oak, ash, birch, sycamore. Further south, the forests become smaller, but plants such as magnolia and rubber plants appear, and mangrove forests grow on the Gulf Coast. In the west of the country, semi-arid and arid regions begin with predominantly grass and desert vegetation. In such regions, the most common species are yucca, various shrubs, and in the Mojave Desert - “cactus forests.” In higher areas, pine and ponderosa grow. Chapparral is very common in California, as are numerous fruit trees (mostly citrus). The Sierra Nevada is home to giant sequoia forests. In the north of the east coast there are coniferous and mixed forests: spruce, cedar, pine, larch.
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Fauna The fauna is also represented according to climatic zones: in the north there are ground squirrels, bears, deer and elk, there are a lot of trout in the rivers, and walruses and seals on the coast of Alaska. The forests of the eastern United States are home to grizzly bear, deer, fox, wolf, skunk, badger, squirrel, and a large number of small birds. On the Gulf Coast you can find such exotic birds as the pelican, flamingo, and green kingfisher. Alligators and several types of poisonous snakes are also found here. The Great Plains was once home to tens of thousands of bison, but now there are very few of them left, mostly in national parks. In the mountainous regions of the western United States you can find such large animals as elk, deer, pronghorn, mountain goat, brown bear, wolf, and bighorn. Desert regions are inhabited primarily by reptiles (including the rattlesnake) and small mammals, such as the marsupial rat.
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Minerals The US subsoil is rich in reserves of various natural resources, including coal and brown coal, iron and manganese ore. The Cordillera, the Colorado Plateau, the Great Plains and the Mexican Lowland have deposits of copper, zinc, lead, silver, chromite, vanadium, tungsten, molybdenum, titanium, polymetallic, uranium, mercury ores, gold, sulfur, phosphates and other chemical raw materials.
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Government The US Constitution, adopted in 1787, defines the government powers delegated to the US federal government. Powers not defined by the federal government in the Constitution are exercised by the states of the United States. The US Constitution establishes the principle of separation of powers: the federal government consists of legislative, executive and judicial branches that act independently of each other. The highest legislative body is the bicameral US Congress: the lower house is the House of Representatives; the upper house is the Senate. The highest executive body is the President of the United States. The president is the head of state and commander-in-chief of the armed forces. There is a post of vice president. The highest body of the judiciary is the US Supreme Court. The main political parties are Republican and Democratic. There are many smaller batches.
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US Economy The largest economy in the world. Many natural resources, including energy and raw materials. High-tech production. Scientific research is developed. The service sector and competitive industry are well developed. Multinational companies such as Ford, General Motors and Exxon. Leading software manufacturer. Good higher education system, especially in the field of high technology. American firms prosper due to the widespread dissemination of American culture throughout the world. The world's largest exporter of goods. Political stability, qualified personnel. Recently, there has been a decline in the number of jobs in industrial production. Globalization, the drain of jobs to countries with cheap labor (in 1945, almost 50% of world production was in the USA; in the 1990s - 25%). Fierce technology competition with East Asian countries and the European Union. External debt exceeds US$14 trillion.
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Population Indian tribes settled in the United States about 10 thousand years ago, and their descendants remained the predominant ethnic component until the end of the 17th century. Modern residents are descendants of relatively recent (XVII-XX centuries) settlers from Europe (mainly Western) and Africa. It should be noted that only children of immigrants born in the United States receive the full right to be called Americans. The country maintains a clear division between foreigners and natives, between whom there is a significant cultural and linguistic distance. This difference, however, limits the internal division. Americans in the United States are a diverse, heterogeneous nation with a conflicting racial composition. The dominant race in all respects and regions (except for the state of Hawaii) is currently the Caucasian race - people from the United Kingdom, Germany, Ireland and other European countries. Then there are African Americans, Latin Americans, Asians, Indians and others, who account for over a third of the population.
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Languages of the USA The most common native language in the USA is English. 215.4 million people out of 293 million Americans (73.5%) speak it as their native language. Spanish is the native language of 28 million US residents (10.7%). Followed by: French (1,606,790), Chinese (1,499,635), German (1,382,615), Turkish (about 1,172,615), Tagalog (1,224,240), Vietnamese (1,009,625), Italian (1,008 370) and Korean (894,065). The Russian language ranks 11th in terms of the number of native speakers in the United States - over 700 thousand (0.24%). The largest number of Russian speakers lives in the state of New York (218,765 people, or 30.98% of all Russian speakers), the smallest in the state of Wyoming (170 people, or 0.02%). The highest proportion of Russian speakers is in Alaska - about 3% understand the Russian language to one degree or another, and about 8.5% of residents profess Orthodoxy. This is a consequence of the former ownership of the territory of the state of Russia. In the state of Hawaii, English and Hawaiian are the official languages. Some island territories also provide official recognition to indigenous languages, along with English.
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Religion The First Amendment to the US Constitution, adopted on December 15, 1791, proclaims the separation of church and state, which the Founding Fathers understood as a prohibition on the establishment of a state religion, such as that which took place in Great Britain. According to a 2002 study by the Pew Global Attitudes Project, the United States is the only developed country where a majority of the population said religion plays a “very important role” in their lives. The American government does not keep official statistics on religion. According to the CIA World Fact Book for 2007, 51.3% of the US population consider themselves Protestant, 23.9% Catholic, 12.1% unaffiliated, 1.7% Mormon, 1.6% - members of another Christian denomination, 1.7% - Jews, 0.7% - Buddhists, 0.6% - Muslims, 2.5% - other or not specified, 4% - atheists.
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Administrative division The state consists of 50 states, which are equal federal subjects, the Metropolitan District of Columbia and dependent territories. Each state has its own constitution, legislative, executive and judicial powers. Most state names come from the names of Indian tribes and the names of the kings of England and France. States are divided into counties - smaller administrative units, smaller than a state and no smaller than a city. There are a total of 3,141 districts. The powers of county administrations and relationships with municipal authorities of localities located within their territories vary greatly from state to state. Local life in settlements is governed by municipalities. A special status has been established for unincorporated territories.
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Washington Many cities claimed the role of capital of the new state after the American Revolution. Therefore, in 1790, it was decided to build a new city in the Potomac River area. The capital was named Washington after the first president, George Washington. The first architect to plan and design the city was the Frenchman Pierre Lanfant. Washington has been the capital of the United States since 1800. Washington as a separate city was abolished as a result of administrative reform in 1873, so the capital of the United States is officially called the District of Columbia. According to the US Constitution and the Residence Law, the District of Columbia has a special status as the capital of a federal state. Area - 0.2 thousand km². Population: Within the federal district there are 602 thousand inhabitants (2010). With suburbs (in the states of Maryland and Virginia) - 5.4 million residents (2010).
The United States of America consists of 50 states, which are equal federal subjects, the Capital District of Columbia and dependent territories. Each state has its own constitution, legislative, executive and judicial powers. States are divided into counties, smaller administrative units smaller than a state and no smaller than a city, with the exception of the five counties within the City of New York. There are only a county in the country, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. The smallest number of counties is in the state of Delaware, the largest in the state of Texas. The powers of county administrations and relationships with municipal authorities of localities located within their territories vary greatly from state to state. Local life in settlements is governed by municipalities. A special status has been established for unincorporated territories: these territories have an advisory voice and theoretically can terminate or suspend their privileged relations with Washington.
Ihado WisconsinColorado Maryland Pennsylvania Iowa HawaiiConnecticut Nebraska Rhode Island Alabama DelawareLouisiana Nevada North Dakota Alaska GeorgiaMassachusetts New Hampshire North Carolina Arizona West Virginia Minnesota New Jersey Tennessee Arkansas IllinoisMississippi New York Texas Wyoming IndianaMissouri New Mexico Florida Washington CaliforniaMichigan Ohio South Dakota Vermont KansasMontana Oklahoma South Carolina Virginia Kentucky Maine Oregon Utah
Only children of immigrants born in the United States receive the full right to be called Americans. The country maintains a clear division between foreigners and natives, between whom there is a significant cultural and linguistic distance. This difference, however, limits the internal division. Americans The United States is a heterogeneous nation with a diverse racial composition. The dominant race in all respects and regions is currently the Caucasian race, people from the United Kingdom, Germany, Ireland and other European countries. Then there are the Negroid race, the Mongoloid race, the Americanoid race and others, which account for over a third of the population.
95,27,29,612,917,123,231,438,649,463,292,2106,0123,2132,2151,3179,3203,2226,5248,7281,7315,2
According to the US Census Bureau, about 82% of Americans live in cities or suburbs, half of them live in cities with a population of over fifty Name State Population 1New York New York 8,224,910 2Los Angeles California 3,819,702 3Chicago Illinois 2,707,120 4Houston Texas 2,145,146 5Philadelphia Pennsylvania 1,536,471 6Phoenix Arizona 1,469,471 7San Antonio Texas 1,223,229 8San Diego California 1,326,179 9Dallas Texas 1,223,229 10San Jose California 967,487
According to the US Census Bureau, the most common native language in the United States is English. In 2009, 228.7 million Americans over 5 years of age spoke it as a native language. Spanish is the native language of 35.5 million people in the United States. The Russian language ranks 9th in terms of the number of speakers in the United States, over 882 thousand people. In terms of prevalence, the Russian language in the United States is inferior to Chinese (2.6 million), Tagalog (1.5 million), French (1.3 million), Vietnamese (1.3 million), German (1.1 million), Korean (1 .0 million).
The main territory of the United States is located on the North American continent and extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west. The United States borders Mexico in the south and Canada in the north. In addition, the United States includes 2 more states. In the extreme northwest of the continent is the state of Alaska, which also borders Canada. The state of Hawaii is located in the Pacific Ocean. The border with Russia passes through the Bering Strait. The United States also owns a number of islands in the Caribbean and Pacific Ocean.
A number of island territories with different statuses are under one form or another of US administration. On the territory of the uninhabited Palmyra Atoll, the US Constitution is in full force. The remaining territories have their own basic legislation. The largest of these territories is Puerto Rico.
According to the US Constitution, adopted in 1787, certain powers to exercise government power are transferred to the US federal government. Government powers not specifically designated for the federal government by the Constitution are exercised by the states of the United States. The US Constitution establishes the principle of separation of powers, according to which the federal government consists of legislative, executive and judicial branches that act independently of each other. The highest legislative body is the bicameral US Congress: lower house the House of Representatives; upper house Senate.
On the main territory of the country to the west of the Atlantic Lowland stretch the Appalachian Mountains, behind which are the Central Plains above sea level, the Great Plains plateau. Almost the entire west is occupied by the Cordillera mountain system.
The subsoil is rich in reserves of various natural resources, including hard and brown coal, iron and manganese ore. The Cordillera, the Colorado Plateau, the Great Plains and the Mexican Lowland have deposits of copper, zinc, lead, silver, chromite, vanadium, tungsten, molybdenum, titanium, polymetallic, uranium, mercury ores, gold, sulfur, phosphates and other chemical raw materials.
The abundance of moisture favors the development of a wide variety of vegetation in the Atlantic regions and the Appalachians, and especially forest vegetation, so that trees are not found only on bare rocks or in low-lying swampy places; in the latter, instead of trees, there are tall reeds and mosses. In general, the Appalachian flora presents a great variety of species and is distinguished by a large variety of tree species; American species of chestnut and plane tree, hickory, magnolia, and tulip tree are found here.
Animals of the USA vary depending on the climatic zones of the continent. In the tundra, the musk ox or musk ox stands out from the large mammals. This animal is massive, strong and very hardy. Previously, this bull inhabited the entire tundra of North America, but currently it is found only on the Arctic islands of America and Greenland. American caribou reindeer are slightly more widespread. They belong to the Eurasian wild reindeer species. In the USA they are found in two subspecies - forest and tundra.
The reservoirs are inhabited by lake trout and grayling. Previously, the largest animal was the forest bison, which now lives only in nature reserves, like deer. But the taiga is inhabited by many American moose. The most common ungulates are deer and bighorn sheep. US animals are also important for fisheries, such as the arctic fox.
Mixed and deciduous forests are inhabited by fauna close to the taiga, but animals unique to forests are also found. As in the taiga, black bears, wolves, minks, foxes, otters, skunks, American badgers, and raccoons are found in the forests. Deciduous forests are characterized by deer, marsupial rats and possums. Representative reptiles include the Mississippi alligator turtle and the Mississippi alligator. An interesting amphibian bullfrog, which can reach a length of 20 cm. Recently, the number of many animals has been rapidly decreasing, in particular the number of bears and reindeer has decreased. Some species of birds are disappearing, for example, the great auk and the passenger pigeon. A third of freshwater fish are classified as endangered or rare.
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IOWA State in the Midwest of the United States, in the group of states of the Northwestern Center. It is a leading agricultural state. Agriculture is dominated by corn, soybeans, oats, and beef cattle (the state leads in pork production). The state is located on the watershed of the largest rivers - the Mississippi and Missouri. The highest point in the state is Sokolinaya Point (509 m). In 1803, as a result of the Louisiana Purchase, the territory of the future state was acquired by the United States. The capital and largest city is Des Moines. State nicknames: Corn State; Hawkeye State
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ALABAMA Most of the territory is located in the Mexican lowland, in the north turning into a hilly plain and spurs of the Appalachian Mountains. Subtropical moderately humid climate. The most important types of minerals are coal, oil, and natural gas. The state is located in the southern region of the United States in the group of states of the Southeast Center. The largest cities are Birmingham, Mobile, Huntsville. Has state status since 1819 (22nd state). State capital: Montgomery. State nicknames: Heart of the South; Camellia State; Cotton State; Heart of Dixie; Oatmeal State.
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ALASKA Continental State is the largest state of the United States, on the northwestern edge. The northern part of the state is covered by tundra. To the south are forests. The state includes Little Diomede Island. It became a state in 1959. Since 1968, various mineral resources have been developed there. In 1977, an oil pipeline was laid from Prudhoe Bay to the port of Valdez. State nicknames: Great Land; The Last Frontier; Land of the Midnight Sun.
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ARIZONA Copper mining is an important sector of the economy, providing 2/3 of the country's copper production. If the state were an independent state, it would rank 61st in the world in terms of GDP, and would overtake Norway, Denmark, the Czech Republic, Ireland, Finland and New Zealand. Located in the southwest of the country. Along with Utah, Colorado and New Mexico, it is one of the “four corners states.” A significant part of the state's territory is covered by mountains, plateaus and deserts. It is home to the largest forest of yellow pine. State nicknames: Apache State; Copper State;Grand Canyon State.
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ARKANSAS In the east of the state is the Mississippi River lowland, in the north are the Ouachita Mountains and the hilly Ozark Plateau. After the Louisiana Purchase in 1803, the territory was annexed by the United States. The country's leading state in the production of rice, soybeans, and broiler chickens also produces about 10% of all cotton in the country. Among mineral resources, the most important place is occupied by the extraction of bauxite. The official nickname is "The Natural State". State nicknames: Bear State; Land of Opportunity; Natural State; Miracle State. State in the southern United States, belongs to the group of states of the Southwestern Center
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WYOMING About 16% of the state is forested; There are broad-coniferous pine, Douglas-fir, and aspen poplar. The climate is sharply continental, cool and dry. Traditionally, the state was inhabited by Indian tribes of the Crow, Blackfoot, Ute, Salish, Shoshone, Cheyenne, Arapaho, and Sioux. Purchased in 1803 under the terms of the Louisiana Purchase. Now on the territory of the state on the Wind River Reservation, only Shoshones and Arapahos remain among the Indians. It is rich in mineral resources (oil, natural gas, coal, uranium, the world's largest reservoirs of natural soda), and the mining industry has traditionally dominated the state's economy. A high mountain state in the western United States, it is part of the Western region of the United States and the group of so-called Mountain states. The state with the lowest population density in the country (1.8 people per km²). The western part of the state is the Rocky Mountains. Eastern – part of the Great Plains. The main rivers are the Yellowstone, Green and Snake. State nicknames: Cowboy State; Equality State
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WASHINGTON The first European whose appearance in this territory was recorded in the chronicles was the Spanish captain Bruno de Eseta, who arrived here in 1775. In 1819, Spain renounced its claims to the territory of the current state in favor of the United States. Since then, the territory has been the subject of a dispute between the United States and Great Britain. The dispute was resolved in favor of the United States on June 15, 1846, when the Oregon Treaty was concluded. A state in the northwestern United States, part of the western region of the United States. In the north, the state borders the Canadian province of British Columbia. In the west it is washed by the waters of the Pacific Ocean. State nickname: The Evergreen State. . The capital is Olympia, the largest city is Seattle.
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VERMONT A small state in the northeastern United States, it is part of the Northeastern United States region. The length of the state from north to south is 256 km. The greatest width of the state from west to east is 143 km (on the border with Canada), and the smallest is only 60 km (next to Massachusetts). The geographic center of the state is the town of Washington, 5 kilometers east of Roxbury. The capital is Montpelier, the largest city is Burlington. State nickname: Green Mountain State.
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VIRGINIA 1587, when the English colonization of North America - the province received the name “Virgin” in honor of Queen Elizabeth I. The most important minerals are coal, stone, sand, which are mined mainly in the Appalachian region; small oil and gas reserves. The main agricultural crops are tobacco, corn, soybeans, and apples. More than half the value of marketable agricultural products comes from livestock farming, primarily cattle and sheep. The state's most significant rivers are the Potomac, Rappahannock, Shenandoah and Roanoke. The Delmarva Peninsula in the east of the state is separated from the main territory by the Chesapeake Bay. A state in the eastern United States, one of the so-called South Atlantic states, part of the southern region of the United States. 10th state within the state. State nicknames: Mother of Presidents; Old Dominion
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WISCONSIN The largest per capita milk producer in the United States. It is often called "America's Dairy Farm" because the state is famous for its cheese production. A major producer of beer and sausages, as well as the largest state producer of cranberries, ginseng, and stationery products. During the first half of the 19th century, the state was an important source of lead. Galena is the symbol (“official mineral”) of the state, and the state is also nicknamed the “Badger State” because many of the miners, who arrived faster than housing could be built, lived with their families right in the mines, like badgers in holes. The US state, located in the north central part of the country, is one of the states of the US Midwest. The state is named after the river. Two battleships are named after the state. State nicknames: Creamery of America; Badger State. An international center for stem cell research is located here.
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HAWAII Main industries: sugar and fruit canning. The best lands are occupied by plantations of export crops: pineapples, sugar cane, coffee, sisal, bananas. Nuts are also produced. Floriculture. The main consumer crop is rice. The basis of the economy is tourism and the service sector. The territory was officially discovered by an English expedition in 1778. Since the end of the 19th century. The US Navy base was located here. The Japanese air attack on this base on December 7, 1941 led the United States to enter World War II. James Cook called them the Sandwich Islands. The last, 50th state.
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DELAWARE In 1638, the Swedes, led by Peter Minut, founded a colony and the territory became known as “New Sweden”. From the east the state is washed by the waters of the Atlantic Ocean. Located in the eastern United States, it is part of the southern region of the United States. Known as the “First State” because it was the first of the 13 colonies to ratify the US Constitution (which made the colonies states). This occurred on December 7, 1787. State nicknames: Diamond State: First State; Land of Tax Free Shopping
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GEORGIA A state in the southeastern United States, one of the southern states of the United States, the fourth state to sign the Constitution of the United States in 1788. In the north of the state is the Blue Ridge (spur of the Appalachians). State nicknames: Peach State: Imperial State of the South. In 1724, the British established their dominance over the region, announcing the establishment of a “Colony ...” in honor of the king. The capital and largest city is Atlanta.
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WEST VIRGINIA A state in the southeastern United States (the only state of the South Atlantic group that does not have access to the Atlantic Ocean), one of the southern states of the United States. The state territory is located in the Appalachian system. The state has significant reserves of coal, natural gas, oil, salt and other minerals, which determine its development. The chemical industry is developed, based on the processing of minerals. Agriculture is well developed (livestock farming, poultry farming, growing apples, peaches, corn, tobacco). State nicknames: Mountain State; Staff-Handle Pans. Tourism plays a significant role in the economy. The largest rivers are Kanova, Potomac and Monongahela.
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ILLINOIS State in the Midwest of the United States, leading in the Northeast Center group. The state is located on the Central Plains, and 60% of its territory is prairie, the rest is occupied by hills. The southern border runs along the river. Ohio, western and southwestern - along the river. Mississippi. The state has more than 500 rivers (the largest is Illinois) and 950 lakes. The state is rich in mineral resources, including coal, oil, natural gas, zinc, and sandstone. State nicknames: Land of Lincoln; Prairie State
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INDIANA A state in the northeastern United States, one of the states in the Midwestern United States. It is one of the top ten states in coal production, and also produces oil, natural gas and limestone. In agriculture, the main crops are corn and soybeans (the state is located in the so-called Corn Belt). Watermelons, tomatoes, mint, grapes and tobacco are also grown. Pig and beef farming have been developed; more than 70% of the state is agricultural land. The main heavy industrial area is Calumet in the northwest; spare parts for cars, aluminum, chemicals, medicines, furniture, and musical instruments are produced. State nicknames: Big State; Hospitality State
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CALIFORNIA A state located in the western United States, on the Pacific Ocean. The most populous and third largest state in the United States. To the south is the Mojave Desert. To the northeast of it lies Death Valley. To the east are the Sierra Nevada Mountains - snow-capped mountains. Yosemite National Park and deep freshwater Lake Tahoe are also located here. The name is taken from the 16th century novel "The Adventures of Espladian" by Garcia Rodriguez de Montalvo, where this was the name of the paradise island. State nicknames: El Dorado State; Golden State; Golden West; Land of Milk and Honey. After the Mexican-American War of 1847, the region was divided between Mexico and the United States. After the discovery of gold in 1848, the so-called “Gold Rush” began.
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KANSAS A state in the central part of the United States, one of the states of the Midwestern United States. The capital is Topeka. The largest city is Wichita (Wichita). State nicknames: Cyclone State Jayhawk State Sunflower State
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KENTUCKY The name of the state comes from the Indian name of the river of the same name. According to one version, the expression means “Dark and bloody hunting territory.” The state's most important mineral resources include coal, natural gas and oil. The state's industry is concentrated along the Ohio River. The food, textile and tobacco industries are developed, as well as mechanical engineering, ferrous metal rolling, production of metal products, vehicles, electronics, furniture, shoes, alcoholic beverages, and there are chemical enterprises. In agriculture, crop production plays a leading role - the production of tobacco, fodder grasses, soybeans, and corn. Meat farming is also developed. The state ranks first in the United States for breeding racehorses. The bulk of the territory falls on the Appalachian Plateau. The most significant rivers are the Ohio and Tennessee. Karst landforms are quite common, and there are large caves. State nickname: Bluegrass State.
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COLORADO State in the west central part of the USA, one of the so-called Mountain States. The state entered the union in 1876, as the country celebrated its centennial. One of three states (along with Wyoming and Utah), all of whose boundaries are latitudes and meridians, and, like Wyoming, forms simply a “rectangle” (more precisely, a sector of the earth’s surface) between a pair of latitudes and a pair of longitudes. The territory of the state is intersected in the middle part from North to South by the ridges of the Rocky Mountains (the highest point is Mount Elbert, 4399 m). They form the so-called Great Continental Divide. In the east of the state there are the Great Plains, in the west there is the plateau of the same name. In the 1850s, gold was discovered, and crowds of settlers poured here. There are minerals: coal, oil, natural gas, vanadium, uranium, zinc. Main rivers: South Platte, Arkansas, Rio Grande. The vegetation in the east is steppe, in the west it is semi-desert. State nicknames: Centennial State; Mountain State
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COLUMBIA Located in the northeastern part of the United States on the Potomac River. Borders the states of Maryland and Virginia. Has a special status. It is governed directly by the US Congress and does not have its own government like other states.
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CONNECTICUT A state in the northeastern United States, part of the New England region. The state's name comes from an Algonquian expression that translates to "on a long tidal river." In the south, the state is washed by the waters of Long Island Sound, in the west it borders with the state of New York, in the north with Massachusetts, and in the east with Rhode Island. The capital is Hartford, the largest city is Bridgeport. State Nicknames: Arsenal of the Nation: Constitution State: Nutmeg State
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LOUISIANA State in the southern United States, the 18th state to join the Union. In the west, the state is bordered by Texas, in the north - by Arkansas, in the east - by Mississippi, in the south the territory is limited by the waters of the Gulf of Mexico. The territory of the state is clearly divided into two parts - “upper” and “lower”. The latter is characterized by an abundance of marshy lowlands. The official nickname is the Pelican State.
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MASSACHUSETTS A state located in the eastern United States, on the shores of the Atlantic Ocean. The colony got its name from the local tribe, which means "big mountain place". The first settlement was founded in Plymouth by religious refugees who arrived on the Mayflower. It is called the Bay State because of the several bays on its coast: Cape Cod Bay, Buzzards Bay, and Narragansett Bay. The state's main agricultural products are seafood, seedlings, dairy products, cranberries and vegetables. The main industrial products are machine tools, electrical equipment, scientific instruments, printing and publishing, and tourism. One university (Harvard) belongs to the Ivy League, three to the League of Women's Universities.
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MINNESOTA A state in the Midwestern United States, one of the so-called Northwest Central states. In the north and northeast it borders with the Canadian provinces of Manitoba and Ontario, from which the state is separated in places by lakes Lesnoye and Superior, as well as the Rainy and Pigeon rivers. The Mesabi iron ore district accounts for more than half of U.S. iron ore production. The main agricultural crops are soybeans, corn, sown grass, and wheat. There is also dairy farming. Official nicknames are "North Star State", "Gopher State", "Land of 10,000 Lakes", "Bread and Butter State".
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MISSISSIPPI A state in the southern United States, the 20th state to become part of the United States. In the south it is washed by the waters of the Gulf of Mexico. The state got its name from the river that flows along its western border. There are 7 national parks in the state. One of the features of the state is the regular arrival of tornado hurricanes from the Gulf of Mexico, the southern part of the state is especially affected. The official nickname is the "Magnolia State", the unofficial nickname is the "Hospitality State".
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MISSOURI State in the Midwestern United States. The state is located along the Mississippi River and its tributaries. The Missouri territory was acquired by the United States from France as part of the province of Louisiana in 1803. The state is home to large deposits of limestone and coal. The state ranks among the first in the country in lime production. The state is home to enterprises in the aerospace, chemical, food and printing industries, and has facilities for the production of transport and electrical equipment. In addition, the production of agricultural products such as beef, pork, grain, soybeans, chickens, and eggs is developed here. The official nickname is "Show Me State."
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MICHIGAN A state in the Midwestern United States, part of the group of states in the Northeast Center. The state consists of two peninsulas surrounded by the Great Lakes - Lower and Superior, connected by the Mackinac Bridge, as well as many islands. There are minerals - oil, iron ore, natural gas. The state ranks first in peat production. . In 1903, assembly line production was established at the Henry Ford plant. The birthplace of the American automobile industry.
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MONTANA State in the northwestern United States. It borders on the north with the Canadian provinces of British Columbia, Alberta and Saskatchewan. The official nickname is "Treasure State".
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MARYLAND A small state in the eastern United States, one of the so-called Mid-Atlantic states and one of the 13 states that carried out the American Revolution. The state is located on the shores of the Chesapeake Bay. The state has significant coal reserves, but its production has fallen significantly since the beginning of the 20th century. There are enterprises for the extraction of stone and sand. Agriculture, in particular tobacco growing, is developed. In 1791, the state government allocated land to the federal government to create the District of Columbia metropolitan area and the city of Washington. Official nicknames: "Old Frontier State", "Cockade State", "Free State"
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MAINE State in the northeastern United States. The largest city is Portland. The name presumably comes from the name of a French province. The official nickname is "The Pine Tree State."
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NEBRASKA State in the group of states of the Northwestern Center. Located on the Great Plains west of the Missouri River. In the far west are the spurs of the Rocky Mountains. The most important minerals: oil (discovered in 1939), sand, gravel. In 1763-1801 it was part of the Spanish possessions, then it was briefly in the hands of France, and in 1803 it was acquired by the United States during the Louisiana Purchase. Main crops: corn, soybeans, seeded grasses, wheat; on irrigated lands in the west - sugar beets. Meat production predominates in livestock farming. By 1990, the state became the leading state in the United States in terms of the share of irrigated agricultural land. The predominant industries are manufacturing. The main industry is meat-packing, there are flour-grinding, butter-making, and sugar industries; non-ferrous metallurgy, agricultural mechanical engineering, fertilizer production. Small oil production.
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NEW JERSEY State in the northeastern United States. Received its name from the name of the island in the English Channel. The third state to join the union state. During the Revolutionary War, the state changed hands several times from one warring side to another, so that it later received the name “Crossroads of the Revolution.” In the last decades of the 20th century, it actually became part of the huge New York metropolitan area. The state is home to a major gambling center - Atlantic City, the only US city other than Las Vegas where casinos are allowed to be built on land. The official nickname is "The Garden State".
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NEVADA Despite the fact that the state is the third of the western states that became part of the United States, it is called a Permanent Colony, since more than 87% of the land belongs to the Federal Government. The state's land is rugged with snow-capped mountains, grassy valleys and sandy deserts - the driest state in the United States. The northern and central parts are mostly Great Basin highlands, while parts of the state's south cover the Mojave Desert. Fastest growing state in the US. Nicknames: Silver State, Battle Born State, because it became part of the United States during the Civil War between the southern and northern states.
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NEW MEXICO A mountainous state in the southwestern United States, one of the so-called Mountain States. The Rocky Mountain ranges, the San Juan and Sangre de Cristo, run through the central part of the state. To the west is the Colorado Plateau, to the east are the Great Plains. The main rivers of the state are the Rio Grande and its tributary the Pecos. In the late 1530s, Franciscan missionaries came here in search of Cibola's legendary gold reserves. During World War II, the state became a testing ground for atomic weapons - on July 16, 1945, the first atomic bomb test was conducted in the desert near Alamogordo. Official nickname: "Land of Wonders"
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NEW HAMPSHIRE A small state in the northeastern United States. The unofficial name is "Granite State". The largest city is Manchester. Part of the New England region. To the north it borders the Canadian province of Quebec. The province was founded in 1623 by British captain John Mason. During the Revolutionary War, it became one of the thirteen colonies that rebelled against British rule and the first state to declare its independence. The state capital, Concord, was formerly known as Rumford and Penacook. It is the only state in the United States that makes it legal not to wear seat belts in cars. (Although only for adults - from 16 years old.)
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NEW YORK State in the northeastern United States, on the Atlantic coast, near the border with Canada, the largest in the group of Mid-Atlantic states. Population 18.9 million people (third place after California and Texas). Occupies leading positions in banking, securities trading, and telecommunications. Important branches of the manufacturing industry: clothing and printing, electrical and radio-electronic, optical-mechanical, shipbuilding, aeronautics, production of industrial equipment. Ferrous (in Buffalo) and non-ferrous metallurgy, chemical, oil refining, food, leather and footwear industries, and aluminum smelting are also developed. Large hydroelectric power stations - on Niagara and the river. St. Lawrence. Agricultural products (suburban type) are predominantly of local importance: apples, cherries, vegetables, corn. Livestock farming provides over 75% of marketable agricultural products. On the coast of lakes Erie and Ontario - grapes and fruits (2nd place in the USA). Fishing is developed off the coast of Long Island.
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OHIO A state in the northeastern Midwest of the United States, the first state included in the confederation after the adoption of the Northwest Ordinance in 1787. Official nickname is the “Horse Chestnut State.” The largest cities are Columbus, Cincinnati, Cleveland. Lake State.
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OREGON A mountainous state in the northwestern United States, one of the so-called Pacific states. In the western part, the Coast Range runs parallel to the Pacific coast, and in the southwest are the Klamath Mountains and the Cascade Mountains. In the northeast are the Blue Mountains. The main rivers are the Willamette, Snake, and Deschutes. Rich in minerals such as gold, silver, zinc, chromium and nickel. Such industries as the woodworking industry, agriculture, and the information technology sector are developed. The only US state to have a double-sided flag. On one side is the state seal, and on the reverse side is a beaver, the animal that is the symbol of the state. The state is home to the smallest park in the world: Mill Ends Park in Portland.
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PENNSYLVANIA The first European settlers in the territory were the Swedes and the Dutch. In 1681, King Charles II of England gave the young English Quaker William Penn a large territory west of the Delaware River. In 1682, Penn founded a refuge colony for Protestants of the Society of Friends (the official name of the Quakers) and others persecuted for their faith. In 1751, the first hospital in the British colonies was opened here, and the first university was founded. In 1790, it became the first territory among the North American states to pass a law on the emancipation of slaves.
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NORTH DAKOTA A state in the north central part of the United States, one of the so-called Northwest Central states. The largest city is Fargo. Official nicknames are “Gopher State”, “Sioux State”. To the north it borders the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba. Most of the state's territory is in the plains. The central regions lie on the Missouri Plateau (part of the Great Plains). The largest lakes are Sakakawia and Devils Lake. Predominantly agricultural state. The production of wheat, sunflower, barley, sown grass, as well as the production of meat and wool is developed. In 1951, large oil deposits were discovered here, in addition, the state ranks first in the United States in brown coal reserves, there is also natural gas and uranium.
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NORTH CAROLINA State in the eastern United States, one of the so-called South Atlantic states. Official nickname: "Tar State". The state's industrial output - mainly textiles, chemicals, electrical equipment, paper and paper products - ranked eighth in the nation in the early 1990s. Tobacco, one of the state's earliest sources of income, remains vital to the local economy. More recently, technology has become a driving force in the state, especially with the creation of the Raleigh-Durham Research Triangle in the early 1950s. .
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TENNESSEE A state in the eastern United States, one of the so-called states of the Southeast Center. The capital is Nashville, the largest city is Memphis. The official nickname is "Volunteer State".
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TEXAS State in the southeastern United States. It ranks 2nd in territory after Alaska and 2nd in population after California. It is one of the centers of American agriculture, cattle breeding, education, oil and gas and chemical industries, and financial institutions. The largest rivers are the Red River, Trinity, Brazos, Colorado and Rio Grande. Frequent tornadoes are typical. The state is the first and so far the only internationally recognized independent state to be directly admitted into the United States as an equal member of the union. On November 22, 1963, President John Kennedy was assassinated here. In the history of the country, 3 US presidents were politicians from this state: Lyndon Johnson (Democrat), George W. Bush (Republican) and George W. Bush Jr. (Republican). Its economy is based primarily on information technology, oil and gas, electricity generation and exports, agricultural activities and manufacturing.
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UTAH A state in the USA in the group of Mountain States, located in the Rocky Mountains region. The central part is crossed by the Rocky Mountains. The high ranges of these mountains alternate with desert plateaus: the Colorado Plateau to the east and the Great Basin to the west. The main river is the Colorado with its tributaries the Green and San Juan. In the north of the state is the largest lake in the western part of the United States, the Great Salt Lake. More than 200 types of minerals of industrial importance are mined; the most important are oil, natural gas, coal, and copper. In terms of production of the latter, the state ranks among the first in the country. The main industries are mechanical engineering (production of construction and mining equipment), aerospace (aircraft parts, rocket and spacecraft components); production of electrical equipment; food, chemical and printing industries. About 70% of the population are Mormons.
Zvada Maria 11th grade
Presentation for a geography lesson on the topic: "Industry and population of the United States of America"
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United States of America Prepared by Zvada Maria, 11th grade student of MBOU Secondary School No. 25 in Shakhty
The capital of the USA is Washington
Major cities: New York (7,323,000) Los Angeles (3,486,000) Chicago (2,784,000) Racial composition: white 83.4% African American 12.4% other 4.1% Official language - English
The head of state is the president, elected for a 4-year term. The legislative body is Congress (House of Representatives and Senate). The monetary unit is the American dollar.
USA This country is one of the largest countries in the world. In terms of population, the United States occupies a leading place in the world. The majority of the population lives in cities. There is little rural population in the country.
Nature of the USA The development of the economy in the USA was facilitated not only by its geographical location, but also by natural resources. The nature of the country is very diverse.
The main territory of the United States is located in the northern temperate and subtropical climate zones. In the east there are mainly lowlands, as well as the Appalachian mountain system. About half the country's population lives here. There are many convenient bays and bays on the coast. In the central part of the country there is a vast region of the Central and Great Plains, crossed by the Mississippi River. The western part is occupied by the Cordillera mountain system. The southern part of the Pacific coast of the United States with its favorable climate attracts many vacationers. The famous Disneyland is located here.
In the central part of the country, warm, long and humid summers create very good conditions for agriculture. The forests are cleared, the prairies are plowed. Wheat and corn are grown in many places in the country, but they are especially abundant here. In the southern part, in a dry subtropical climate, there are many citrus plantations and vineyards.
Industry The United States ranks first in the world in industrial output. The main role in industry belongs to monopolies. Their factories produce a wide variety of products. A significant part of the products is exported to other countries.
The development of industry in the United States was facilitated by natural resources, including minerals. In the depths of the country there are large reserves of fuel - coal, oil, natural gas. Also various ores - iron, non-ferrous metal ores.
Wildlife USA Armadillo Bullfrog
Ibis Pelican
Mississippi alligator Possum
Jaguar Puma
Flora of the USA White oak Sequoia
Beech Sugar Maple
True chestnut Tulip tree
Brooklyn Bridge One of the oldest suspension bridges in the USA
The Statue of Liberty, a symbol of America, is located on Ellis Island, where there was once an immigration checkpoint.
Manhattan Island, once purchased from the Manna-Hatta Indians for $24, and now densely built up with skyscrapers.
Sears Tower The tallest skyscraper in the world - 110 floors, height 443 meters.
Yellowstone National Park Yellow Stone is one of the largest national parks in the United States with 200 geysers, gorges and steam-emitting sulfur springs.
Stupid laws in the USA - these laws were passed a long time ago, but continue to apply to this day. In the city of Lafayette in California, it is considered a crime to spit within a meter of other people. In the city of Columbus, Georgia, it is illegal to chop off the heads of chickens on Sundays. In Honolulu, Hawaii, it is a crime to pester birds in city parks. In Oklahoma City, you can't walk backwards on the streets while eating a hamburger. The city of Bexley, Ohio, bans slot machines in restrooms. In Atlanta, a special ordinance prohibits tying giraffes to telephone poles or street lights.
Thank you for your attention