“Outline of social studies” on the topic “Nations and interethnic relations” Olga Vladimirovna Bunina
02/15/2017 Lesson in 8th grade
The purpose of the lesson:
providing conditions for the formation of a tolerant personality, the idea that in the modern world there is a diversity of nations, ethnic groups, and peoples.
Lesson objectives:
To teach to see various approaches to solving the problem of interethnic interaction and to express one’s own point of view on this issue;
Identify the causes of interethnic conflicts;
Foster a sense of tolerance and respect for other nations;
Lesson type: A lesson in discovering new knowledge.
Lesson equipment:
Presentation, magnetic board
Task cards.
Lesson plan:
1) Organizational moment (1-2 min)
2) Testing, mutual verification (5 min)
3) Motivational stage. Determining the topic of the lesson (2-3 min)
4) Learning new material (20 minutes)
A) Problem situation (5-7 min)
B) Creative independent work(5 minutes)
C) Working with the textbook text and additional materials. Independent formulation of definitions: ethnicity, nation, nationality (10 minutes)
D) Work with the textbook, explain what an interethnic conflict is, its causes (3 minutes)
5) Physical exercise (1 minute)
6) Creative independent work with the text of the Constitution (10 minutes)
7) Grading (3 min)
8)Homework (2 min)
9) Reflection (2-3min)
Literature:
1. Social studies. 8th grade: textbook. for general education organizations / [L. N. Bogolyubov, N. I. Gorodetskaya, L. F. Ivanova, etc.]; edited by L. N. Bogolyubova – 4th ed. – M. Education, 2016. – 255 p.
2. The Constitution of the Russian Federation (including amendments made by the Laws Russian Federation on amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation dated December 30, 2008 N 6-FKZ, dated December 30, 2008 N 7-FKZ, dated February 5, 2014 N 2-FKZ, dated July 21, 2014 N 11-FKZ), 2016.
Basic concepts of the lesson: ethnicity, nation, nationality, interethnic conflict.
During the classes
| Lesson steps | Teacher's work | Student work |
| Organizing time | Hello guys! Sit down. Who is on duty today? Name those who are absent. | Greet the teachers and sit down. The duty officer calls those absent and sits down. |
| Motivational stage | You and I all live in one of the most, dare I say it, largest states in terms of territory. This is, of course, Russia. But Russia is not only a territory...Russia is, first of all, people...And people of various origins and nationality. Video “Russia is a multinational state.” Children formulate the topic of the lesson. "Nations and interethnic relations." | Write down the date and topic of the lesson. |
| Problem situation | Now I will tell you a parable and we will discuss it. (Task 3 on page 130) A parable from ancient times tells of two warring tribes who lived on opposite banks rivers. It happened that the wizard met a man from one tribe and said to him: “I will give you everything you want, provided that the representative of the tribe living on the other side receives twice as much.” And the man replied: “Gouge out one of my eyes.” He wanted the one from the hostile tribe to lose both eyes. What do you think this parable is saying? Explain how you evaluate a person’s response to a wizard? It’s not in vain that we started our today’s lesson with this. After all, it is the relations between different nations and peoples that have always worried and will continue to worry people. | One student reads aloud. The others are listening. They think and give their answers. Suggest: This parable tells us that 1) tribal enmity has existed since ancient times 2) tells us about greed and hatred (of one towards the other) Assumptions: rude, associated with causing harm to both self and others. |
| Learning new material | Before you begin to familiarize yourself with the material that is new to you, you will be divided into groups of two. Take a sheet of Appendix 1. Russia, USA, UK- multinational countries. Each row must select from the list those peoples who live in these countries. Row 1 in Russia, row 2 in the USA, row 3 in the UK. Now, guys, let's see how you distributed the nationalities among these countries? Do you see how many different nationalities can live in one state? Do you think conflicts will arise in each of these countries? Therefore, the task of the leaders of these countries is to see diverse approaches to solving the problem of interethnic interaction; identify the causes of interethnic conflicts. Using the textbook and additional material “Nations”, formulate the definitions of Ethnicity, nation, nationality, find the signs of a nation The teacher controls the activities of the students. In the modern world there are certain signs, thanks to which we can talk about whether a certain community of people is a nation, or something else. Let's write down the signs of a nation. Physical exercise. Let's turn to history. In the second half of the 80s of the 20th century, in some republics of the USSR there was an aggravation between national relations. Intolerance and conflicts on an interethnic basis arose in various regions. These conflicts were destabilizing for one and all. So what are the causes of these conflicts? (Working with textbook page 126-127) Based on the points written above, we derive the rule: “Every person, no matter what ethnic group he belongs to, should feel like an equal citizen in any part of our country and have the opportunity to enjoy all the rights guaranteed by law.” | Write down the date and topic of the lesson. Name their options. Come forward with your answers. Yes, they can occur. Write down the definition of “ethnic group”. Ethnicity is a special historically emerged type of social group of collective existence of people. Ethnos- this is what constitutes the individuality, the uniqueness of a people, what distinguishes one people from another. Write down the definition of “nation”. Nation is a historically established community of people based on a common territory, economic structure, system of political connections, language, culture and psychological makeup, manifested in general civic consciousness and self-awareness. Signs of a nation: 1) common territory; 2)developed economy; 3) state; 4) national identity; 5) knowledge and respect for national customs, holidays, traditions; 6) a sense of national dignity and national pride. Write down the definition of “nationality”. Nationality is a person’s awareness of his belonging to a particular ethnic community. Stand up and repeat the movements Interethnic conflict is one of the forms of aggravation of the political situation and national relations within a multinational state. 1) territorial disputes 2) inequality of socio-economic conditions 3) language barrier “Every person, no matter what ethnic group he belongs to, should feel like an equal citizen in any part of our country and have the opportunity to enjoy all the rights guaranteed by law.” |
| Creative independent work | What documents determine national policy in our country? 1. KRF (1993). Your task is this: study articles of the Constitution of the Russian Federation No. 13, 19, 26,29,65,69. See Appendix 2. Analyze articles, give examples, draw conclusions on the following questions: What constitutional provisions reflect the principles of national policy? Respect for people of all nations - Art. 26; Equality – art. 19.69; The principle of tolerance (tolerance) – Art. 13.29; - cooperation and democratization of national policy Art. 26.65 Explanation of the concept of “tolerance”. | Documents defining national policy in our country: 1. KRF (1993). 2. “Concept of national policy of the Russian Federation” (1996). Constitutional provisions reflecting the principles of national policy: - respect for people of all nations - Art. 26; Equality – art. 19.69; The principle of tolerance (tolerance) – art. 13.29; - cooperation and democratization of national policy Art. 26.65 |
| Homework | §15, choose one of the countries you like and describe their traditions, customs, and cultural values in your notebook. | Write down homework. |
| Lesson summary | Giving grades in a diary. To summarize the lesson, I would like to give each of you a reminder: “Learning to live in a multinational society” See Appendix 3. | |
| Reflection | Remember what ethnicity, nation, nationality are? 2) Is it difficult in the modern world for people with different ethnicities, cultures, and traditions to live in one state? 3) How to resolve interethnic conflicts? | They remember and answer the questions asked. |
Appendix 3.
Learning to live in a multinational society
1. Do not forget that people of different nationalities have the same rights in our country, which are guaranteed by the Basic Law of the state - the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
2. Always remember that there are no good or bad nationalities. A person of any nationality can be good or bad.
3. Both in academic and in labor activity be prepared to cooperate with people of any ethnicity.
4. If in the team in which you study or work there are people who differ in ethnicity from the majority of team members, be understanding of the peculiarities of their national culture.
5. If representatives of other ethnic groups live, work or study near you, treat them with the same respect as people of your own nationality.
6. Never use words and expressions that humiliate or insult people of another nationality.
7. Remember that people of a different ethnicity have the same right to communicate with each other in their native language as you do.
8. If you live in a territory where the majority of the population is people of a different nationality, get acquainted with their culture, respect their traditions and customs.
9. Never give in to the calls of those who would like to sow ethnic hatred. Remember that cooperation and mutual understanding of the peoples of Russia is an important source of its strength and prosperity.
Annex 1.
English
Scots
Gaels (highlanders)
Welsh
Irish
Americans
African Americans
Anglo-Canadians
Ulstermen
Mexicans
Eskimos
Ukrainians
Azerbaijanis
Appendix 2
Article 13
1. Ideological diversity is recognized in the Russian Federation.
2. No ideology can be established as state or mandatory.
3. Political diversity and multi-party system are recognized in the Russian Federation.
4. Public associations are equal before the law.
5. The creation and activity of public associations whose goals or actions are aimed at violently changing the foundations of the constitutional order and violating the integrity of the Russian Federation, undermining the security of the state, creating armed groups, inciting social, racial, national and religious hatred is prohibited.
Article 19
1. Everyone is equal before the law and the court.
2. The state guarantees equality of rights and freedoms of man and citizen, regardless of gender, race, nationality, language, origin, property and official status, place of residence, attitude to religion, beliefs, membership in public associations, as well as other circumstances. Any form of restriction of the rights of citizens on grounds of social, racial, national, linguistic or religious affiliation.
Article 26
1. Everyone has the right to determine and indicate their nationality. No one can be forced to determine and indicate his nationality.
2. Everyone has the right to use their native language, to freely choose the language of communication, education, training and creativity.
Article 29
1. Everyone is guaranteed freedom of thought and speech.
2. Propaganda or agitation that incite social, racial, national or religious hatred and enmity are not permitted. Promotion of social, racial, national, religious or linguistic superiority is prohibited.
3. No one can be forced to express or renounce their opinions and beliefs.
4. Everyone has the right to freely seek, receive, transmit, produce and disseminate information by any legal means. The list of information constituting a state secret is determined federal law.
5. Freedom is guaranteed mass media. Censorship is prohibited.
Article 65
1. The Russian Federation includes the following subjects of the Russian Federation:
Republic of Adygea (Adygea), Republic of Altai, Republic of Bashkortostan, Republic of Buryatia, Republic of Dagestan, Republic of Ingushetia, Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, Republic of Kalmykia, Karachay-Cherkess Republic, Republic of Karelia, Komi Republic, Republic of Crimea, Mari El Republic, Mordovia Republic, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Republic North Ossetia- Alania, Republic of Tatarstan (Tatarstan), Republic of Tyva, Udmurt republic, Republic of Khakassia, Chechen Republic, Chuvash Republic - Chuvashia; Altai region, Transbaikal region, Kamchatka Krai, Krasnodar region, Krasnoyarsk region, Perm region, Primorsky Territory, Stavropol Territory, Khabarovsk region; Amur region, Arhangelsk region, Astrakhan region, Belgorod region, Bryansk region, Vladimir region, Volgograd region, Vologda region, Voronezh region, Ivanovo region, Irkutsk region, Kaliningrad region, Kaluga region, Kemerovo region, Kirov region, Kostroma region, Kurgan region, Kursk region, Leningrad region, Lipetsk region, Magadan region, Moscow region, Murmansk region, Nizhny Novgorod Region, Novgorod region, Novosibirsk region, Omsk region, Orenburg region, Oryol Region, Penza region, Pskov region, Rostov region, Ryazan region, Samara region, Saratov region, Sakhalin region, Sverdlovsk region, Smolensk region, Tambov region, Tver region, Tomsk region, Tula region, Tyumen region, Ulyanovsk region, Chelyabinsk region, Yaroslavl region; Moscow, St. Petersburg, Sevastopol - cities of federal significance; Jewish Autonomous Region; Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Yugra, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug.
2. Admission to the Russian Federation and the formation of a new subject within it are carried out in the manner established by federal constitutional law.
Article 69
The Russian Federation guarantees the rights of indigenous peoples in accordance with the generally recognized principles and norms of international law and international treaties of the Russian Federation.
Using social science knowledge, draw up a complex plan that allows you to essentially reveal the topic “Family in modern society" The plan must contain at least three points, of which two or more are detailed in sub-points.
Explanation.
1) Functions of the family as a social institution:
a) reproductive;
b) educational;
c) economic, economic, social status and many others.
2) Changes in society and the modern family:
a) change in the position of women in society and family: partner-type family;
b) from a multigenerational family to a nuclear one.
3) State and family.
Explanation.
When analyzing the answer, the following are taken into account:
The correctness of the wording of the plan items in terms of their compliance with the given topic;
Completeness of reflection of the main content in the plan;
Compliance of the structure of the proposed answer with a plan of a complex type.
1) Modern nations - highest form ethnic community.
2) Sources of national community:
b) national identity;
c) national interests.
3) Interethnic relations in the modern world:
a) integration and rapprochement of peoples (European Union; USA; Canada, etc.);
b) interethnic conflicts and ways to overcome them;
c) tolerance, humanism, culture of interethnic relations as a means of overcoming national conflicts;
d) national policy of the Russian Federation (Constitution of the Russian Federation; “Concept of national policy of the Russian Federation”).
Explanation.
When analyzing the answer, the following are taken into account: - the correctness of the wording of the plan items in terms of their compliance with the given topic; - compliance of the structure of the proposed answer with a plan of a complex type.
One of the options for a plan for covering this topic:
1) The concept of family.
2) Family functions:
a) reproductive;
b) economic;
c) socialization, etc.
3) Rights and responsibilities of family members.
4) Types of families:
a) patriarchal, democratic;
5) Family resources:
a) economic;
b) informational, etc.
6) Norms and sanctions regulating behavior within the institution of family:
a) formal;
b) informal
7) Status-role system operating within the institution of family:
and parents;
c) spouses, etc.
Using social science knowledge, draw up a complex plan that allows you to essentially reveal the topic “Family as social group" The plan must contain at least three points, of which two or more are detailed in subparagraphs.
Explanation.
When analyzing the answer, the following are taken into account:
The correctness of the wording of the plan items in terms of their compliance with the given topic;
Compliance of the structure of the proposed answer with a plan of a complex type.
One of the options for a plan for covering this topic:
1) The concept of family.
2) Family types:
a) patriarchal, partnership;
b) multigenerational, nuclear.
3) Roles in the family.
4) Family functions:
a) reproductive;
b) economic;
c) socialization, etc.
5) Family resources. A different number and (or) other correct wording of points and sub-points of the plan is possible. They can be presented in nominal, question or mixed forms.
Using social science knowledge, draw up a complex plan that allows you to essentially reveal the topic “Social mobility”. The plan must contain at least three points, of which two or more are detailed in subparagraphs.
Explanation.
When analyzing the answer, the following are taken into account:
The correctness of the wording of the plan items in terms of their compliance with the given topic;
Compliance of the structure of the proposed answer with a plan of a complex type.
One of the options for a plan for covering this topic:
1) Concept social mobility.
2) Factors influencing social mobility.
3) Types of social mobility:
a) vertical, horizontal;
b) group, individual.
4) Social elevators:
a) business;
d) church, etc.
A different number and (or) other correct wording of points and sub-points of the plan is possible. They can be presented in nominal, question or mixed forms.
Explanation.
When analyzing the answer, the following are taken into account:
One of the options for covering this topic:
1. The concept of nation:
a) as an ethnic community;
2. Signs of ethnicity:
3. Varieties of ethnic groups:
a) clan and tribe;
b) nationality;
4. Main trends in the development of interethnic relations:
5. Democratic principles of interethnic relations:
6. Interethnic relations and national politics in modern Russia.
Using social science knowledge, draw up a complex plan that allows you to essentially reveal the topic “Nations and Interethnic Relations.” The plan must contain at least three points, of which two or more are detailed in sub-points.
Explanation.
When analyzing the answer, the following are taken into account:
– the correctness of the wording of the plan items in terms of their compliance with the given topic;
– compliance of the structure of the proposed answer with a plan of a complex type.
One of the options for a plan for covering this topic:
1) The concept of nation:
a) as an ethnic group;
b) as a civil community.
2) Signs of ethnicity:
a) presence of territory of residence;
b) common language, traditions, customs;
c) commonality of historical and sociocultural experience;
G) similar features appearance, character and mentality.
3) Varieties of ethnic groups:
a) clan and tribe;
b) nationality;
4) Main trends in the development of interethnic relations:
a) interethnic integration;
b) interethnic differentiation.
5) Democratic principles of interethnic relations:
a) equality of representatives different nations in all spheres of society;
b) free access to study national languages, customs and traditions;
c) the right of citizens to determine their nationality;
d) development of tolerance and multicultural dialogue in society;
e) creating in society an intolerant attitude towards xenophobia, chauvinism, and propaganda of national exclusivity.
6) Interethnic relations and national politics in modern Russia.
A different number and (or) other correct wording of points and sub-points of the plan is possible. They can be presented in nominative, question or mixed form.
Using social science knowledge, draw up a complex plan that allows you to essentially reveal the topic “Social Institutions”. The plan must contain at least three points, of which two or more are detailed in sub-points.
Explanation.
One of the options for covering this topic
1. The concept of a social institution (a social institution as a constantly repeating and reproducing relationship).
2. Characteristics of a social institution:
a) arises on the basis of joint activities large masses of people;
b) the activities carried out by him are aimed at satisfying the fundamental needs of society;
c) the activities carried out by him are regulated by norms, traditions, and customs;
d) is a sustainable form of organizing activities;
e) develops historically.
3. Basic social institutions:
a) the institution of family and marriage;
b) political institutions (state, parties, etc.);
c) economic institutions (production, exchange, etc.);
d) institutes of science, education and culture;
d) institute of religion.
4. The importance of social institutions (they stabilize social relations, bring consistency to the actions of members of society).
A different number and (or) other correct wording of points and sub-points of the plan are possible. They can be presented in nominal, question or mixed forms.
Using social science knowledge, draw up a complex plan that allows you to essentially reveal the topic “Social Group”. The plan must contain at least three points, of which two or more are detailed in sub-points.
Explanation.
When analyzing the answer, the following are taken into account:
The correctness of the wording of the plan items in terms of their compliance with the given topic;
Compliance of the structure of the proposed answer with a plan of a complex type.
1. The concept of a social group / Social groups are stable collections of people that have distinct characteristics that are unique to them.
2. Basis for the classification of social groups:
a) number (small and large);
b) by the nature of the interaction (primary and secondary);
c) based on the fact of existence (nominal and real);
d) by the way of organizing and regulating interactions (formal and informal);
3. Signs of a small social group;
a) the presence of stable, long-term emotionally rich connections
b) the presence of a common goal or interest;
c) the presence of general intra-group norms and rules;
d) the presence of an intragroup status-role structure;
4. The impact of a small group on a person:
a) negative
b) positive
5. Numerous social groups.
Possible other number and (or) other correct wording of points and sub-points of the plan. They can be presented in nominative, question or mixed form.
Using social science knowledge, draw up a complex plan that allows you to essentially reveal the topic “ Social control" The plan must contain at least three points, of which two or more are detailed in sub-points.
Explanation.
When analyzing the answer, the following are taken into account:
Availability of plan items required to cover the proposed topic;
The correctness of the wording of the plan items in terms of their compliance with the given topic;
Compliance of the structure of the proposed answer with a plan of a complex type.
Formulations of plan items that are abstract and formal in nature and do not reflect specifics.
One of the options for covering this topic.
1) The concept of social control./ Social control is a set of ways society influences the behavior of individuals and groups.
2) Signs of social control:
b) connection with sanctions - punishments for violating norms and rewards for their compliance;
c) collective exercise of control.
3) Functions of social control:
a) regulatory (regulating people’s lives);
b) protective (preservation of existing values and ideals in society);
c) stabilizing (ensuring people’s behavior in standard situations).
4) Elements of social control:
a) social norms;
b) social sanctions.
5) Types (circles) of social control:
a) formal control through legal norms;
b) informal control through moral norms, customs, mores;
c) social control in professional activities;
d) social control in the family and private life;
6) The inextricable connection between external control and self-control exercised by the individual.
Using social science knowledge, draw up a complex plan that will allow you to essentially reveal the topic “Nations and interethnic relations in the modern world.” The plan must contain at least three points, of which two or more are detailed in subparagraphs.
Explanation.
When analyzing the answer, the following are taken into account:
The correctness of the wording of the plan items in terms of their compliance with the given topic;
Completeness of reflection of the main content in the plan;
Compliance of the structure of the proposed answer with a plan of a complex type.
1) Modern nations are the highest form of ethnic community.
2) Sources of national community:
a) historical memory;
b) national identity;
c) national interests.
3) Interethnic relations in the modern world:
a) integration and rapprochement of peoples (European Union; USA; Canada, etc.);
b) interethnic conflicts and ways to overcome them;
c) tolerance, humanism, culture of interethnic relations as a means of overcoming national conflicts;
d) national policy of the Russian Federation (Constitution of the Russian Federation; “Concept of national policy of the Russian Federation”).
Source: Unified State Examination in Social Studies 06/10/2013. Main wave. Center. Option 2.
Using social science knowledge, draw up a complex plan that will allow you to essentially reveal the topic “Socialization of the Individual.” The plan must contain at least three points, of which two or more are detailed in subparagraphs.
Explanation.
One of the options for covering this topic.
1. Socialization as the process of an individual’s assimilation of patterns of behavior, social norms and values necessary for his successful functioning in a given society.
2. Stages of socialization according to D. Smelser:
a) the stage of imitation and copying of adult behavior by children;
b) the play stage, when children recognize behavior as playing a role;
c) the stage of group games, in which children learn to understand what is expected of them by a whole group of people.
3. Stages of socialization according to role theory (J. G. Mead):
a) imitation (children copy the behavior of adults);
b) play stage (children understand behavior as the performance of certain roles);
c) collective play (children learn to be aware of the expectations not only of an individual, but also of an entire group).
4. Agents (institutions) of socialization:
a) agents of primary socialization are the environment that has a direct impact on the individual (parents, relatives, family, friends, peers, etc.);
b) agents of secondary socialization: administration of a school, university, enterprise; army, court, church, etc.
5. Differences in the content of the socialization process of adults from the socialization process of children.
A different number and (or) other correct wording of points and sub-points of the plan is possible. They can be presented in nominal, question or mixed forms.
Source: Unified State Examination in Social Studies 06/10/2013. Main wave. Siberia. Option 5.
Using social science knowledge, draw up a complex plan that allows you to essentially reveal the topic “Family as a small group.” The plan must contain at least three points, of which two or more
detailed in subparagraphs.
Explanation.
One of the options for a plan for covering this topic:
1. The concept of “family”
2. The concept of “small group”
3. Classification of family types:
a) By composition
b) By the nature of the distribution of family responsibilities
4. Family functions:
a) Educational
b) Economic
c) Recreational, etc.
5. Signs of a family as a small group:
a) Small number of group members
b) Stable composition
c) The presence of emotional relationships between group members, etc.
A different number and (or) other correct wording of points and sub-points of the plan are possible. They can be presented in nominal, question or mixed forms.
Using social science knowledge, draw up a complex plan that will allow you to essentially reveal the topic “The Role of Social Control in the Development of Society.” The plan must contain at least three points, of which two or more are detailed in subparagraphs.
Explanation.
One of the options for a plan for covering this topic:
2. Elements of social control:
a) social norms;
b) formal and informal, positive and negative sanctions.
3. Social control as a condition for social stability:
a) socialization of individuals is the main goal and function of social control;
6) social control as a way to ensure interaction between people.
4. Flexibility of social control is a necessary condition for changes in the social system.
5. Deviant and delinquent behavior.
Using social science knowledge, draw up a complex plan that allows you to essentially reveal the topic “ Political leadership as an institution of the political system." The plan must contain at least three points, of which two or more are detailed in subparagraphs.
Explanation.
One of the options for a plan for covering this topic:
1. Leadership Concepts:
a) outstanding qualities of individuals;
b) dependence of leadership on the current social situation;
V) psychoanalytic concepts leadership, etc.
2. Functions of a political leader:
a) group integration based on common interests, values;
b) development of a political course;
c) mobilizing the group to achieve its goals;
d) social arbitration, etc.
3. Types of leadership:
a) ruling and opposition leaders;
c) traditional, rational-legal and charismatic leaders, etc.
A different number and (or) other correct wording of points and sub-points of the plan is possible. They can be presented in nominal, question or mixed forms
Using social science knowledge, draw up a complex plan that will allow you to essentially reveal the topic “Social stratification of society.” The plan must contain at least three points, of which two or more are detailed in subparagraphs.
Explanation.
One of the options for a plan for covering this topic:
1. The concept of social stratification.
2. Basis of social stratification:
a) income (wealth);
b) amount of power;
c) prestige of the profession;
d) level of education.
3. Historical types of stratification:
a) slavery;
b) caste system;
c) class system;
d) social classes.
4. Theories of social stratification.
5. Middle class in modern Western society.
6. Marginality as an intermediate, “borderline” position of a person between any
cial groups.
A different number and (or) other correct wording of points and sub-points of the plan is possible. They can be presented in nominal, question or mixed forms
Using social science knowledge, draw up a complex plan that will allow you to essentially reveal the topic “The Problem of Social Stratification.” The plan must contain at least three points, of which two or more are detailed in subparagraphs.
Explanation.
When analyzing the answer, the following are taken into account:
Topics do not count towards the assessment
One of the options for a plan for covering this topic:
1. What is social stratification.
2. Criteria for social stratification:
a) power;
6) income and wealth;
c) prestige of the profession;
d) level of education.
3. Historical systems of stratification:
a) slavery;
c) classes;
d) classes.
4. Social stratification and social inequality.
A different number and (or) other correct wording of points and sub-points of the plan is possible. They
can be presented in nominal, question or mixed forms
Using social science knowledge, create a complex plan that allows you to essentially cover the topic “Social Control”. The plan must contain at least three points, of which two or more are detailed in subparagraphs.
Explanation.
When analyzing the answer, the following are taken into account:
Compliance of the structure of the proposed response with a plan of a complex type;
The presence of plan points indicating the examinee’s understanding of the main aspects of this
topics without which it cannot be disclosed on its merits;
Correct wording of plan items.
Wording of plan items that are abstract and formal in nature and do not reflect specifics
Topics do not count towards the assessment
One of the options for a plan for covering this topic:
1. The concept of “social control”.
2. Functions of social control:
a) regulation and consolidation of society;
6) ensuring the stability of society;
c) eliminating (minimizing) deviations, etc.
3. Self-control as one of the mechanisms of social control.
4. External control as a set of social sanctions. Types of social sanctions:
a) formal and informal;
b) positive and negative.
A different number and (or) other correct wording of points and sub-points of the plan is possible. They
can be presented in nominal, question or mixed forms
The absence of any two of the 2, 3 and 4 points of the plan (presented in the form of points or sub-points) in this or similar formulation will not allow us to reveal the content of this topic on its merits
Using social science knowledge, draw up a complex plan that will allow you to essentially reveal the topic “Family as a social institution.” The plan must contain at least three points, of which two or more are detailed in subparagraphs.
Explanation.
One of the options for a plan for covering this topic:
1. The concept of family.
2. Family functions:
a) reproductive;
b) economic;
c) socialization, etc.
3. Rights and responsibilities of family members.
4. Types (types) of family:
a) patriarchal (traditional), partnership (democratic);
b) multigenerational, nuclear.
5. Family resources:
a) economic;
b) informational, etc.
A different number and (or) other correct wording of points and sub-points of the plan is possible. They can be presented in nominal, question or mixed forms
Using social science knowledge, draw up a complex plan that allows you to essentially reveal the topic “Types of families.” The plan must contain at least three points, of which two or more are detailed in subparagraphs.
Explanation.
The correct answer may contain the following elements:
1. The concept of family.
2. Family functions
a) reproductive
b) educational
c) household
d) function of primary social control
d) spiritual and moral
f) social status
g) leisure
h) emotional.
3. Types of families 3.1.depending on the form of marriage
a)monogamous
b) polygamous family
3.2 from the structure of family ties:
nuclear (simple), consisting of parents and their minor children;
extended (complex), represented by two or more generations of families.
3.3. Types of families depending on the methods of choosing a family partner
endogamous, which involves marriage between representatives of the same group (clan, tribe, etc.);
exogamous, where marriage within a certain narrow group of people (for example, between close relatives, members of the same tribe, etc.) is prohibited.
3.4. Types of families depending on the criterion of family power:
matriarchy - power in the family belongs to the woman;
patriarchy - a man is in charge;
an egalitarian, or democratic, family in which the status equality of spouses is observed (is the most common at present).
Elements of the answer can be given in a different form that is similar in meaning.
Source: Unified State Examination - 2017. Early wave
Using social science knowledge, draw up a complex plan that allows you to essentially reveal the topic “Science and its functions in modern stage social development". The plan must contain at least three points, of which two or more are detailed in subparagraphs.
Explanation.
Compliance of the structure of the proposed response with a plan of a complex type;
Correct wording of plan items.
One of the options for covering this topic
1. The versatility of the concept of “science”:
a) science as a form of spiritual culture is a system of knowledge about patterns in the development of nature, society and thinking, as well as separate industry such knowledge.
b) science - a sphere of human activity aimed at the development and theoretical systematization of objective knowledge
about reality.
2. Features scientific knowledge:
a) objectivity;
b) rationalism;
c) consistency and orderliness;
d) verifiability (verifiability);
d) special language.
3. Modern classification of sciences.
4. Functions of science:
a) cognitive-explanatory;
b) ideological;
c) production and transformation;
d) prognostic.
5. Science as a factor in the development of post-industrial society.
Using social science knowledge, draw up a complex plan that will allow you to essentially reveal the topic “Global problems of our time and ways to solve them.” The plan must contain at least three points, of which two or more are detailed in subparagraphs.
Explanation.
When analyzing the answer, the following is taken into account:
Compliance of the structure of the proposed response with a plan of a complex type;
The presence of plan points indicating the examinee’s understanding of the main aspects of this topic, without which it cannot be revealed in essence;
Correct wording of plan items.
The wording of plan items that are abstract and formal in nature and do not reflect the specifics of the topic are not counted in the assessment.
One of the options for covering this topic
1. Global problems as a set of problems in the development of society and nature, the solution of which is of fundamental importance for the social progress of mankind and the preservation of civilization.
2. Types global problems modernity:
a) global - “super-global” problems of our time associated with perestroika international relations in accordance with the requirements of the further progress of mankind;
b) planetary - “resource” global problems of our time, related to the problems of optimization, harmonization and humanization of society’s relationship with nature;
c) universal - “subglobal” problems of the sociocultural, humanitarian range, which are associated with the democratization of relations between society and the individual.
3. Features of global problems that determine the specifics of finding ways to solve them:
a) scale;
b) dynamism;
c) determining influence on the development of society;
d) subject to influence only by the united efforts of all humanity.
4. Ways to solve global problems of our time:
a) the need to overcome the narrow horizon of local, private interests and relative values;
b) turning to the search for universal human values;
c) developing effective forms of cooperation that would allow all countries to act together, despite differences in socio-political, religious, ethnic and other ideological orientations;
d) reliance on certain basic value orientations(for example, humanism).
5. Solving global problems as a condition for preserving civilization is a common cause for all humanity.
Using social science knowledge, draw up a complex plan that allows you to essentially cover the topic “Credit and Credit Policy.” The plan must contain at least three points, of which two or more are detailed in subparagraphs.
Explanation.
When analyzing the answer, the following is taken into account:
Compliance of the structure of the proposed response with a plan of a complex type;
The presence of plan points indicating the examinee’s understanding of the main aspects of this topic, without which it cannot be revealed in essence;
Correct wording of plan items.
The wording of plan items that are abstract and formal in nature and do not reflect the specifics of the topic are not counted in the assessment.
One of the options for a plan for covering this topic:
1) The concept of credit;
2) Credit functions;
a) redistribution of funds between firms, regions and industries;
b) ensuring the possibility of replacing real money in circulation with credit (banknotes) and credit transactions (non-cash payments);
V) efficient use temporarily free financial resources;
3) Principles of lending;
a) urgency (the bank provides the borrower with money for a certain period);
b) paid (the bank provides money for a fee);
c) repayment (the bank first studies the borrower’s solvency);
d) guarantee (the bank requires a deposit from the lender);
4) Basic forms of credit;
a) by the method of lending (natural loan (goods, resources), cash loan);
b) by loan term (short-term, medium-term, long-term);
c) by the nature of lending (mortgage, consumer, commercial (commodity), state banking);
5) The role of credit in a modern market economy.
One of the options for a plan for covering this topic:
1) The concept of banks and the banking system.
2) Main functions of banks:
a) accumulation of available financial resources;
b) carrying out settlements and payments;
c) investing financial resources;
d) foreign exchange transactions.
3) Structure of the banking system:
a) Central Bank;
b) commercial banks;
c) non-bank credit organizations.
4) Main types of banking operations:
a) active;
b) passive;
c) banking services.
5) The role of bank investments in economic development.
b) Banks in the global financial system.
A different number and (or) other correct wording of points and sub-points of the plan are possible. They can be presented in nominal question or mixed forms
Using social science knowledge, draw up a complex plan that allows you to essentially reveal the topic “ Market economy and its positive and negative manifestations.” The plan must contain at least three points, of which two or more are detailed in subparagraphs.
Explanation.
When analyzing the answer, the following is taken into account:
Compliance of the structure of the proposed response with a plan of a complex type;
The presence of plan points indicating the examinee’s understanding of the main aspects of this topic, without which it cannot be revealed in essence;
Correct wording of plan items.
The wording of plan items that are abstract and formal in nature and do not reflect the specifics of the topic are not counted in the assessment.
One of the options for covering this topic
1. Main features of a market system:
a) variety of forms of ownership;
b) free pricing;
c) complete administrative independence and independence of the commodity producer, etc.
2. Main functions of the market:
a) intermediary;
b) informational;
c) regulatory, etc.
3. Positive aspects of the market:
a) promotes the efficient allocation of resources;
b) stimulates scientific and technological progress;
c) coordinates the actions of people in the process of economic activity, etc.
4. Negative manifestations of the market:
a) does not guarantee a solution to some socio-economic problems;
b) creates a tendency to monopolize;
c) does not solve the problem of external costs, etc.
5. The relationship between supply and demand as the basic law of the functioning of the market system.
A different number and (or) other correct wording of points and sub-points of the plan are possible. They can be presented in nominal question or mixed forms
One of the options for covering this topic
1. The concept of a favorable environment.
2. Basic environmental rights of citizens:
a) the right to a favorable environment;
b) the right to reliable information about the state of the environment;
c) the right to compensation for damage caused to health or property by an environmental violation.
3. Mechanisms for protecting the environmental rights of citizens:
a) non-judicial;
b) judicial.
4. Types of legal liability for environmental violations:
a) administrative;
b) criminal, etc.
5. Environmental responsibilities of citizens.
A different number and (or) other correct wording of points and sub-points of the plan are possible. They can be presented in nominal, question or mixed forms
Using social science knowledge, draw up a complex plan that will allow you to essentially reveal the topic “Planned Economy and Its Features.” The plan must contain at least three points, of which two or more are detailed in subparagraphs.
Explanation.
When analyzing the answer, the following is taken into account:
Compliance of the structure of the proposed response with a plan of a complex type;
The presence of plan points indicating the examinee’s understanding of the main aspects of this topic, without which it cannot be revealed in essence;
Correct wording of plan items.
The wording of plan items that are abstract and formal in nature and do not reflect the specifics of the topic are not counted in the assessment.
One of the options for a plan for covering this topic:
1) Planned economy - the economy of a state-regulated economy.
2) Emergence planned system management - a reaction to manifestations of market failure.
3) Signs of a planned economy:
a) dominance state form property;
b) dominance of the producer over the consumer;
c) guideline prices for goods and services;
d) centralized distribution of resources;
e) directive determination of the nature and range of production.
4) Advantages of planned economy:
a) stability of economic development;
b) high level of employment;
c) high mobilization capabilities during the war period;
d) support for unprofitable industries.
5) The main disadvantages of a planned economy:
a) shortage of consumer goods and services;
b) inability to respond to changes in global conditions;
c) lag in development new technology and technology.
6) The need for elements of a planned economy in a modern economy.
Correct wording of plan items.
The wording of plan items that are abstract and formal in nature and do not reflect the specifics of the topic are not counted in the assessment.
One of the options for a plan for covering this topic:
1) Inflation - increase general level prices for goods and services.
2) The main sources of inflation:
a) increase in nominal value wages, not due to an increase in labor productivity;
b) rising prices for raw materials and energy resources;
c) increase in taxes on producers;
d) reduction in production while maintaining the money supply;
e) emissions Money to cover government expenses.
3) Main types of inflation:
a) by the nature of the flow (open and hidden);
b) depending on the growth rate (moderate, galloping, hyperinflation);
c) by the rate of growth of prices for various categories of goods (balanced and unbalanced).
4) Consequences of inflation for the economy:
a) positive consequences of moderate inflation (stimulating investment, stimulating growth in production and trade);
b) negative consequences of high inflation (disorder of the economic regulation system, depreciation of the entire savings fund and loans, depreciation of real incomes of the population, reduction in current consumption, reduction in investment).
5) Measures to overcome high inflation:
a) control over the issue of money, withdrawal of excess money;
b) reduction of budget expenditures;
c) development of production, overcoming the recession in the economy.
Using social science knowledge, draw up a complex plan that will allow you to essentially reveal the topic “The role of social mobility in changing a person’s social status.” The plan should
Explanation.
When analyzing the answer, the following is taken into account:
Compliance of the structure of the proposed response with a plan of a complex type;
The presence of plan points that allow you to reveal the content of this topic in essence;
Correct wording of plan items.
The wording of plan items that are abstract and formal in nature and do not reflect the specifics of the topic are not counted in the assessment.
One of the options for covering this topic
1. What is social status.
2. Types of social statuses:
a) prescribed;
b) purchased.
3. The concept of “social mobility” and its types:
a) horizontal and vertical;
b) individual and group, etc.
4. The influence of social mobility on individual status:
a) channels of upward social mobility;
b) vertical downward mobility: how does it manifest itself;
c) can horizontal mobility affect the status of an individual.
A different number and (or) other correct wording of points and sub-points of the plan are possible. They can be presented in nominal, question or mixed forms.
The absence of any two of the 2-4 points of the plan (presented in the form of points or sub-points) in this or similar formulation will not allow the content of this topic to be revealed in essence.
Make a detailed plan on the topic “Nations and interethnic relations in the modern world”At least 3 points, of which 2 or more are detailed in subparagraphs
1. The concept of a nation.
2. Signs of a nation:
a) common language;
b) common territory;
c) developed economic ties;
d) values, norms and patterns of behavior;
e) socially - psychological characteristics.
3. Trends in the development of nations:
a) differentiation (national);
b) integration (international).
4. Nationalism. Interethnic conflicts and their causes:
a) socio-economic;
b) cultural and linguistic;
c) ethnodemographic;
d) environmental;
e) extraterritorial, etc.
5. National policy in the Russian Federation1. Modern nations are the highest form of ethnic community
2. Sources of national community:
a) historical memory
b) national identity
c) national interests
3. Interethnic relations in the modern world:
a) integration and rapprochement of peoples (European Union, USA, etc.)
b) interethnic conflicts and ways to overcome them
c) tolerance, humanism, culture of interethnic relations as a means of overcoming national conflicts
d) national policy of the Russian Federation (Constitution of the Russian Federation, "Concept of national policy of the Russian Federation"
You will have to prepare a detailed answer on the topic “the purpose and meaning of human life.” Make a plan according to which you will cover this topic; the plan must contain at least three points, two of which must be detailed in subparagraphs.
1. The purpose and meaning of life for me.
a) what I have already achieved
b) what remains to be achieved
2. Experience from family or textbook
a) tell about a relative who achieved what he wanted in life
b) based on the text of the textbook, find examples of successful people
3. Discuss the goals and meanings of life for those listening
URGENT, PLEASE) C8 You are instructed to prepare a detailed answer on the topic “Man as a result of biological and sociocultural evolution.” Make a plan according to which you will cover this topic. The plan must contain at least three points, of which two or more are detailed in sub-points. Show explanation
1. Approaches to solving questions about human origins
1. 1Religious theory
1. 2 Paleovisit theory
1. 3Theory of evolution by Charles Darwin
1. 4 Natural science theory F. Engels
2. Human nature
2. 1 Biological nature of man
2. 2 Social nature person
3. The main differences between humans and animals
3. 1Features of animal behavior
3. 2 Human thinking and speech
3. 3 Conscious, purposeful creative activity of a person
3. 4 Human transformation of the surrounding reality and the manufacture of tools
You have been instructed to prepare a detailed answer on the topic “CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS OF THE RF”. Make a plan according to which you will cover this topic. The plan must contain at least three points, of which two or more are detailed in subparagraphs.
2. Objectives of criminal proceedings:
a) protection of the rights and legitimate interests of individuals and organizations
b) protection of the individual from illegal and unfounded accusations
3. Functions of criminal proceedings:
a) resolution of the case;
b) accusation;
c) protection.
4. Stages of criminal proceedings:
a) pre-trial;
b) judicial
5. Features of criminal proceedings in the modern era
6. Problems of development of criminal proceedings in modern Russia
You are instructed to prepare a detailed answer on the topic “Organization of International Trade.” Make a plan according to which you will cover this topic. The plan must contain at least three points, of which two or more are detailed in subparagraphs
1) INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN THE SYSTEM
INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC RELATIONS
2) THEORIES OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE
A. THE THEORY OF COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE
b. HECKSCHER-OHLIN THEORY OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE
V. ALTERNATIVE THEORIES OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE
3) MAIN TYPES OF INTERNATIONAL
COMMODITY EXCHANGE
A. DEFINITION OF AN INTERNATIONAL TRADE TRANSACTION
b. FOREIGN TRADE OPERATIONS FOR PURCHASE AND SALE OF GOODS
V. FOREIGN TRADE IN DIFFERENT TYPES OF SERVICES
4) FOREIGN TRADE POLICY: TARIFF
METHODS OF REGULATING INTERNATIONAL TRADE
A. CUSTOMS TARIFF FOR IMPORT
b. EXPORT TARIFF
V. CUSTOMS UNION
5) PLACE AND ROLE OF RUSSIA IN
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
A. RUSSIA IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE
b. RUSSIAN ECONOMY IN GENERAL
V. MODERN TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF WORLD TRADE
You are instructed to prepare a detailed answer on the topic “The influence of political consciousness on political behavior.” Make a plan according to which you will cover this topic. The plan must contain at least three points, of which two or more are detailed in subparagraphs
1 The concept of political consciousness. Political consciousness is the basis for the formation of attitudes of political behavior. 2 Levels of political consciousness: a) ordinary (practical, everyday knowledge about politics); b) ideological and theoretical (qualified, professional opinion of scientists). 3 Motives for political behavior: a) emotional, spontaneous actions; b) conscious political interests and actions. 4 Forms of political behavior: a) by target orientation (constructive and destructive); b) by composition of participants (individual, group, mass); c) by nature (organized and spontaneous). 4) Political protest is a special form of political behavior. 5 Ways to regulate political behavior: a) regulation through legal norms; b) the action of moral norms and values; c) self-organization of subjects of political action; d) political education, dissemination of political knowledge; e) political leadership, influence of leaders. 6 Electoral political consciousness and electoral behavior are the main factor influencing power in a democratic society.
Criminal proceedings in the Russian Federation draw up a plan. The plan must contain at least three points, of which two or more are detailed in subparagraphs
1. Concept
2. Tasks and functions
A) protection of rights and legitimate interests
B) protection of identity
3) stages
A) before trial
B) judicial1. The concept of criminal proceedings
2. Principles of coal. legal proceedings
2. 1 Equality of the parties
2. 2 Competitiveness of the parties
2. 3 Competence of judges
2.4 Legality
2.5 Administration of justice only by the court
3. Functions of the judiciary
4. Stages of the criminal process
4. 1. Pre-trial stage
4. 2. Trial
5. Participants in criminal proceedings
6. Criminal justice in the Russian Federation
2. Main trends in the development of nations
A. interethnic differentiation
B. interethnic integration
3. Types of interethnic relations
A. between different nationalities within one state
B. between different nation-states
4. Forms of interethnic relations
A. peaceful cooperation
B. ethnic conflict
5. Ways to resolve interethnic conflicts.
6. Problems of interethnic conflicts in modern Russia
You have been instructed to prepare a detailed answer on the topic “The political elite in the life of society.” Make a plan according to which you will cover this topic. The plan must contain at least 3 points, of which 2 or more are detailed in subparagraphs.
1. The concept of the political elite.
2. Trends in the formation of elite groups:
a) aristocratic
b) democratic
3. Classification of elites:
a) political elite
b) economic elite
V) military elite
d) information elite
e) scientific and cultural elites
4. The main channels for recruiting the elite in a democratic society:
a) civil service;
b) social activity;
c) educational and cultural system;
d) economic activity.
5. Main features of the recruitment and functioning of the elite in the life of society