Population
North African countries. Algeria
Countries of Western and Central Africa. Nigeria
Countries East Africa. Ethiopia
Countries South Africa. South Africa
List of used literature
Population
Africa is the ancestral home of man. The most ancient remains of human ancestors and tools of his work were found in rocks that are about 3 million years old in Tanzania, Kenya and Ethiopia. Modern population Africa belongs to three main races: Caucasoid, Equatorial and Mongoloid. The main part of the mainland's inhabitants is the indigenous, i.e., primordial, permanent population. Representatives Caucasian live mainly in northern Africa. This Arab peoples(Algerians, Moroccans, Egyptians, etc.) who speak Arabic, as well as Berbers who speak the Berber language. They are characterized by dark skin, dark hair and eyes, an elongated skull, a narrow nose and an oval face.
Most of the continent south of the Sahara is inhabited by Negroids, who make up the African branch equatorial race. Among Negroids there are significant differences in skin color, height, facial features, and head shape. The most tall peoples Africans live in the savannas of the northern part of the continent (Tutsis, Nilotes, Masai, etc.). Their average height is 180-200 cm. They are surprisingly slender and graceful. In the upper Nile region, Negroids are distinguished by very dark, almost black skin color.
Peoples of the zone equatorial forests- pygmies are short in stature (below 150 cm). Their skin color is less dark than that of many other Negroids, their lips are thin, their noses are wide, and they are stocky. Pygmies are forest dwellers. The forest for them is a home and a source of everything necessary for existence. This is one of the smallest peoples in Africa, whose numbers are steadily declining.
In the semi-deserts and deserts of South Africa live the Bushmen and Hottentots. They are characterized by a yellowish-brown skin color and a wide, flat face, which gives them a resemblance to the Mongoloids. Bushmen, like pygmies, are short in stature, but thin-boned.
Some experts consider Ethiopians to be an intermediate race. They are distinguished by lighter skin color, but with a reddish tint. In appearance, Ethiopians are closer to the southern branch of the Caucasian race. The Malagasy (residents of Madagascar) are descended from a mixture of representatives of the Mongoloid and Negroid races.
The newcomer population of European origin lives mainly in places with the best climatic conditions and makes up a small part of the mainland's population. In the north of the continent along the Mediterranean coast live the French, and in the very south of the continent are Afrikaners (descendants of immigrants from the Netherlands), the British, and others.
Many African countries have ancient culture(Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Benin, Sudan). Crafts, trade, and construction flourished in them. The peoples of Africa, having gone through a long path of development, have made a significant contribution to the history of world culture. Remarkable art monuments have been preserved: Egyptian pyramids- a miracle of ancient construction technology, carving Ivory and wood, bronze sculptures. Some scientists believe that humanity owes its first successes in the development of culture mainly to Africa. After the liberation of most countries from colonial enslavement, African culture is experiencing a new upsurge in its development.
Population distribution. Africa's population exceeds 780 million people. Africa has a relatively sparse population, which is extremely unevenly distributed across the continent. The distribution of the population is influenced not only by natural conditions, but also historical reasons, primarily the consequences of the slave trade and colonial rule.
Distribution of the main peoples and population density in different parts Africa are shown on a thematic map.
From the analysis of the map it is clear that the coasts of the Mediterranean Sea, the Gulf of Guinea and the southeastern coast of the mainland are relatively densely populated. The population density is high in the Nile Delta, where there are 1000 people per 1 km2. Less than 1% of the total population lives in the Sahara Desert, which occupies almost 1/4 of the continent, and in some areas it is completely absent.
Colonization of the mainland began in the Middle Ages. And by the beginning of the twentieth century. The capitalist countries of Europe divided almost the entire territory of Africa among themselves and turned it into a continent of colonies (countries deprived of political and economic independence). The colonialists oppressed and exploited the indigenous population, took away best lands, were driven from their homes to areas unsuitable for living. They mercilessly plundered countries: they exported minerals (gold, diamonds, copper ore, etc.), valuable timber, as well as agricultural products (cocoa, coffee, bananas, lemons, etc.). Having actually turned Africans into slaves, the enslaving countries used them as cheap, almost free work force in mines, plantations, and for attempts to leave work they were severely punished.
The long domination of the colonial powers delayed the economic and cultural development African countries. The colonialists maintained tribal fragmentation. However, the oppressed peoples united and fought against the invaders.
Unfolding on the mainland liberation struggle against the enslavers reached especially great strength after the Second World War. In the middle of the twentieth century. Africa became the continent of national liberation struggle, which led to the collapse of the colonial system.
At the beginning of the twentieth century. in Africa there were only two free states- Liberia and Ethiopia. Now all countries on the mainland are independent. Africa at the end of the twentieth century. from the mainland of colonies turned into the mainland independent states.
North African countries. Algeria
According to natural conditions and population composition, Africa can be divided into four parts: Northern, Western and Central, Eastern, Southern.
North Africa extends from the Mediterranean Sea and occupies most of the Sahara Desert. According to natural conditions, the subtropical north and the Sahara desert can be distinguished here. Almost the entire population of North Africa is Caucasian.
We will show the nature and economy of the countries of North Africa using the example of Algeria.
Algeria is located in northwest Africa. This is one of the major developing countries of the continent, liberated from colonial dependence. The capital of the country is also called Algiers. Indigenous people countries - Algerians, consisting of Arabs and Berbers.
Due to long distance from north to south in Algeria there are Northern Algeria and the Algerian Sahara. Northern Algeria occupies a zone of hard-leaved evergreen forests and shrubs that includes the northern Atlas Mountains and the adjacent coastal plain. This zone has a lot of heat and sufficient moisture. Therefore, the natural conditions of this part Northern Algeria most favorable for human life and agriculture.
Particularly densely populated coastal strip and mountain valleys. More than 90% of the country's population lives here. On fertile soils, Algerians grow valuable subtropical crops - grapes, citrus fruits, oilseeds (olives), fruit trees, etc. The natural vegetation of the subtropics of Algeria has been severely damaged by human activity and has survived only on steep slopes in the mountains. In place of forests cleared in the past, thickets of bushes and low-growing trees appeared.
The Atlas Mountains amaze with their beauty. The ridges, rising high, end in sharp peaks and steep cliffs. Cut by deep gorges and picturesque valleys, mountain ranges alternate with intermountain plains. Well expressed in the mountains altitudinal zone. The southern slopes of the Atlas Mountains are the transition from the Mediterranean to the Sahara.
Most of the country is occupied by the rocky and sandy deserts of the Sahara. Deserts make up about 90% of the territory. Here Algerians are mainly engaged in animal husbandry and lead a nomadic and semi-nomadic lifestyle. They raise sheep, goats and camels. Agriculture in the Algerian Sahara is possible only in the oases, where the Algerians grow date palms, and under their dense crown there are fruit trees and grain crops. One of the Algerians' difficulties is fighting the shifting sands.
Algeria is one of the most mineral-rich countries in Africa. The country has significant reserves of iron ore, manganese, phosphorites and other minerals. The main wealth is found in sedimentary rocks Sugars largest deposits oil and gas. In connection with their development in the desert, modern villages, in which miners and mineral exploration workers live. Between major cities roads were laid, oil pipelines, oil refining plants, metal smelting plants, etc. were built. After the declaration of independence, Algeria achieved significant success in the development of its industry.
The nature of Algeria has suffered greatly from economic activity people, especially during the period of colonial rule. Phosphorites, metals, and valuable wood, such as cork oak, were exported from the country. Algerians pay great attention restoration of forest vegetation in subtropical zone and planting forest belts in the desert part of the country. A project has been developed to create a “green belt” in Algeria, which will cross the desert from the Tunisian to the Moroccan border. Length approximately 1500 km, width 10-12 km.
Countries of Western and Central Africa. Nigeria
West Africa includes that part of the continent that is washed by the waters of the Atlantic Ocean in the south and west, includes part of the Sahara in the north, and extends to Lake Chad in the east. Central Africa includes the territory located between the Tropic of North and 130 S. w. This part of the mainland receives greatest number solar heat and moisture, so the flora and fauna are especially rich here.
This region is concentrated most of population of the mainland and about half of the African states. The population is unusually diverse, mainly peoples belonging to Negroid race. The linguistic composition of the population is varied. Diverse and appearance peoples Some have very dark skin and curly hair, others are light-skinned. There are also great differences in height. IN equatorial forests Pygmies live in central Africa.
Very uneven.
The most densely populated areas are the sea coasts, coastal islands, lower reaches, and mining areas of South Africa, Zambia, Zaire and Zimbabwe. In these areas, the population density ranges from 50 to 1000 people per 1 sq. km. Over the vast expanses of Namib, the population density barely reaches 1 person per 1 sq. km.
Uneven settlement is manifested both at the level of the region as a whole and at the level individual countries. For example, almost the entire population of Egypt lives in the Nile Delta and Valley (4% of the total area), where the density is 1,700 people per 1 km2.
Ethnic composition African population distinguished by great diversity. There are 300-500 ethnic groups living on the mainland. Some of them (especially in) have developed into large nations, but most are still at the level of nationalities and tribes. Many of the ethnic groups still retained vestiges of the tribal system and archaic forms of social relations.
Linguistically, half of the African population belongs to the Niger-Kordofanian family, and the third part belongs to the Afrosian family. Residents of European descent make up only 1%. But at the same time, the state (official) languages of most African countries remain the languages of the former metropolises: English (19 countries), French (21 countries), Portuguese (5 countries).
The “quality” of Africa's population remains very low. The proportion of illiterate people in most countries exceeds 50%, and in countries such as Mali, Somalia, and Burkina Faso it is 90%.
Religious composition of Africa also distinguished by great diversity. At the same time, Muslims predominate in its northern and eastern parts. This is due to the settlement of Arabs here. In central and southern Africa religious beliefs populations were subject to significant influence from metropolitan countries. Therefore, many types of Christianity are widespread here (Catholicism, Protestantism, Lutheranism, Calvinism, etc.). Many peoples of this region have retained local beliefs.
Due to the diversity of ethnic and religious composition, socio-economic difficulties and colonial past (borders) Africa is a region of numerous ethno-political conflicts (Sudan, Kenya, Democratic Republic Congo, Nigeria, Chad, Angola, Rwanda, Liberia, etc.). In total, over 35 armed conflicts were recorded in Africa during the post-colonial period, in which more than 10 million people died. As a result of more than 70 coups d'état, 25 presidents were killed.
Africa are characterized by very at a fast pace(more than 3% per year). According to this indicator, Africa is ahead of all other regions of the world. This is primarily determined by the high birth rate. For example, the birth rate in Niger, Uganda, Somalia, Mali exceeds 50 o/oo, i.e. 4-5 times higher than in Europe. At the same time, Africa is the most high mortality and low average duration life (men - 64 years, women - 68 years). As a result age structure The population is characterized by a high proportion (about 45%) of children and adolescents under 15 years of age.
Africa is characterized by the most high level, the overwhelming majority of which are forced in nature and are associated with interethnic conflicts. Africa accounts for almost half of all refugees and displaced people in the world, the vast majority of whom are “ethnic refugees.” Such forced migrations always lead to outbreaks of hunger and disease, leading to increased mortality.
Africa is a region of high labor migration. The main centers of attraction for labor from the African continent are and (especially the Gulf countries). Within the continent, migration flows of labor mainly come from poorest countries to richer ones (South Africa, Nigeria, Cote d'Ivoire, Libya, Morocco, Egypt, Tanzania, Kenya, Zaire, Zimbabwe).
Africa characterized by the lowest level and highest rates in the world. In terms of the share of urban population (about 30%), Africa is significantly inferior to other regions.
The pace of urbanization in Africa has become an urban explosion. The population of some cities doubles every 10 years. But urbanization here has a number of features:
- Mainly capital cities and “economic capitals” are growing; the formation of urban agglomerations is just beginning (the number of millionaire cities is 24);
- urbanization often has the character of “false urbanization,” which leads to negative socio-economic and environmental consequences.
A striking example of urbanization “African style” is the city of Lagos in Nigeria. This city for a long time was the capital of the state. In 1950, its population was 300 thousand people, and now it is 12.5 million. Living conditions in this overpopulated city are so unfavorable that in 1992 the capital was moved to Abuja.
Africa can be divided into different parts according to one or another criteria, but North Africa stands out in any case, since it has many differences from other lands in terms of history, nature, culture and ethnic composition.
Among all the others, its Northern part is closest to developed European and Asian countries, so their influence is especially felt in all areas. In addition, local resorts attract numerous tourists all year round.
This region is populated heterogeneously, and this is explained by natural conditions. On far north there is very comfort zone for living and farming, but it is presented only in coastline, which is small in width, but very long, since the territory has access to the ocean (Atlantic) and two seas (Mediterranean and Red). Therefore, the main population of northern Africa is concentrated here.
Yet most of this subregion is occupied by the vast Sahara Desert, which is known for its harsh conditions (it is impossible to breathe even in the shade during the day, and at night you should dress warmly to avoid freezing). Naturally, people meet there very rarely, in a few oases. Only the Nile River valley is also favorable for living, although it extends into the desert itself far to the south.
South of the Sahara there is a strip of the Sahel, which is the border of the Sahara. Life there is also poor and sparse, as farming is not possible due to constant droughts. And only below does nature begin with the lush vegetation of subequatorial savannas, where its Central and Eastern parts originate.
In connection with all this, it can be said that the south and center of the subregion is very sparsely populated, most of the population is represented in a narrow coastline.
The majority of all residents living in North African countries are Muslims who speak Arabic, so the culture in the countries of this subregion has many common features and features. As for those people who live in the southern part of the territory, they are diverse, since there are many all kinds of unique tribes and peoples that have their own traditions. Also, their beliefs are often completely different, and within the same country this can lead to military clashes, as, for example, in Sudan, where the Muslim government opposes its southern citizens who believe in Christ or support the traditional faith.
Since in some countries the number of local peoples and tribes is large, several languages can be used there at once, but the official language is called European, which is understandable to all residents. In North Africa it is often French brings people together.
Almost everything is inhabited by peoples of the Indo-Mediterranean race: Arabs who came to these lands in colonial times, and Berbers - the indigenous population of North Africa who originally lived here. All these peoples have in common external features: dark skin color, dark eyes, equally dark hair, which is usually wavy, narrow face, and a hump on the nose. But even among the Berbers you can find people with blond hair and eyes.
In Ethiopia the peoples belong to the Ethiopian race, which is intermediate between two races: Indo-Mediterranean and Negroid, such people also have wavy hair and a narrow face, but their teeth are more massive.
To the south of the Sahara there are mainly peoples of the Negro, Bushman and Negrillian races.
In addition, in the northern part of the mainland you can also meet Europeans, which is due to their long-term dominance in many African countries- French, Dutch and English.
Indigenous people in northern Africa
Indigenous people Northern subregion Berbers are considered Africans. These can be divided into three significant groups: Sanhaj (living in and around the Sahara), Masmuda (mostly Atlas) and Zenata (living in the eastern part of the territory).
Their languages belong to the Berber-Libyan Afroasiatic group language family(Semitic-Hamitic).
The total number of Berbers now amounts to 20 million people, while they make up half of all citizens of Morocco, a third of the inhabitants of Algeria, and are also found in countries such as Niger, Libya, Mali, Mauritania and others.
Most modern Berbers have chosen a sedentary way of life, they are engaged in arable farming and grow wheat, olives, date palms, barley and millet, and also develop vegetable gardening and horticulture. There are also nomads who support pastoralism by raising camels and other livestock.
Takbilt-leffighs, which is a tribal institution, can still be observed among them. Each tribe has a leader, but all major economic issues are decided by an elected council of elders. And today traditional arsh (communal land use) and tiuizi (inter-clan alliances) are widespread.
Berbers, mostly Sunni Muslims, often profess Kharijism, but sometimes there are those who support Christianity and Judaism. Against the backdrop of all this, indigenous African tribes are not named and traditional medicine and magic.
The second largest continent in the world (after Eurasia) is Africa. Its subregions (their economy, population, nature and states) will be discussed in this article.
Options for dividing the continent's territory
African territory is the largest geographical region of our planet. Therefore, the desire to divide it into parts is quite natural. The following two large areas are distinguished: Tropical and North Africa (or Africa north of the Sahara). There are quite large natural, ethnic, historical and socio-economic differences between these parts.
Tropical Africa is the most backward region developing world. And in our time, the share of agriculture in its GDP is higher than the share industrial production. 28 of the world's 47 least developed countries are located in Tropical Africa. Also here is maximum amount countries that are landlocked (there are 15 such states in this region).
There is another option for dividing Africa into regions. According to him, its parts are Southern, Tropical and Northern Africa.
We now turn to consideration of regionalization itself, that is, the identification of large macroregions (subregions) of the continent of interest to us. It is currently believed that there are only five of them. Africa has the following subregions: Southern, Eastern, Central, Western and Northern Africa (on the map above). At the same time, each of them has specific features of the economy, population and nature.
North Africa
North Africa goes to Red and Mediterranean Sea, as well as to the Atlantic Ocean. Thanks to this, its connections with Western Asia and Europe have been established since ancient times. total area it is approximately 10 million km 2, on which about 170 million people live. The Mediterranean "façade" defines the position of this subregion. Thanks to him, North Africa is adjacent to South-West Asia and has access to the main sea route, which runs from Europe to Asia.
Cradle of Civilization, Arab Colonization
The sparsely populated areas of the Sahara Desert form the “rear” of the region. North Africa is the cradle of civilization Ancient Egypt who made a great contribution to culture. The Mediterranean part of the continent in ancient times was considered the granary of Rome. To this day, among the lifeless sea of stone and sand, you can find the remains of underground drainage galleries, as well as other ancient structures. Many cities located on the coast trace their origins to Carthaginian and Roman settlements.
Arab colonization, which took place in the 7th-12th centuries, had a huge impact on the culture of the population, its ethnic composition and way of life. And in our time, the northern part of Africa is considered Arab: almost the entire local population professes Islam and speaks Arabic.
Economic life and population of North Africa
Concentrated in the coastal zone economic life this subregion. The main manufacturing enterprises are located here, as well as the main agricultural areas. Naturally, this is where almost the entire population of this subregion lives. Mud houses with earthen floors and flat roofs predominate in rural areas. The cities also have a very distinctive appearance. Therefore, ethnographers and geographers distinguish the Arab type of city as a separate type. It is characterized by division into old and new parts. North Africa is sometimes called the Maghreb, but this is not entirely accurate.
Economy
There are currently 15 independent states in this subregion. 13 of them are republics. Most states North America are underdeveloped. In Libya and Algeria, the economy is slightly better developed. These countries have significant reserves of natural gas and oil, which are hot commodities on the world market these days. Morocco is engaged in the extraction of phosphorites used in the production of fertilizers. Niger is a major uranium producer, but remains one of the poorest countries in North Africa.
Very poorly populated South part of this subregion. The agricultural population lives in oases in which the main commercial and consumer crop is the date palm. Only nomadic camel breeders can be found in the rest of the area, and even then not everywhere. There are gas and oil fields in the Libyan and Algerian parts of the Sahara.
A narrow “strip of life” only along the Nile Valley wedges itself into the desert far to the south. For the development of Upper Egypt it is very important had construction on the Nile Aswan hydroelectric complex with technical and economic assistance from the USSR.
West Africa
The subregions of the continent we are interested in are a rather extensive topic, so we will limit ourselves to a brief description of them. Let's move on to the next subregion - West Africa.
There are zones of savannas, tropical deserts and moist equatorial forests, which are located between the Sahara Desert. It is the continent's largest subregion by population and one of the largest by area. Natural conditions it is very diverse, and the ethnic composition of the local population is the most complex - represented various peoples Africa. This subregion was a major slave trading area in the past. Currently it is developed Agriculture, represented by the production of various plantation consumer and cash crops. There is also industry in the subregion. Its most developed industry is mining.
Population of West Africa
According to 2006 data, the population West Africa- 280 million people. It is multi-ethnic in composition. The largest ethnic groups- these are Wolof, Mande, Serer, Mossi, Songhai, Fulani and Hausa. Indigenous people by linguistic feature is divided into 3 metagroups - Nilo-Saharan, Niger-Congo and Afro-Asian. From European languages English and French are spoken in this subregion. The main religious groups of the population are Muslims, Christians and animists.
Economy of West Africa
All states located here are developing countries. As we have already said, they differ significantly in economically subregions of Africa. The table presented above characterizes such an important economic indicator countries of the continent we are interested in, like gold reserves (2015 data). West African states in this table include Nigeria, Ghana, Mauritania and Cameroon.
Agriculture, as well as the mining industry, plays a leading role in creating GDP in this subregion. The minerals available in West Africa are petroleum, iron gold, manganese, phosphates and diamonds.
Central Africa
From the very name of this subregion it is clear that it occupies the central part of the continent (equatorial). The total area of the region is 6613 thousand km 2. A total of 9 countries are located in Central Africa: Gabon, Angola, Cameroon, Congo and Democratic (these are two different states), Sao Tome and Principe, Chad, Central African Republic and also the island of St. Helena, which is a British overseas territory.
Located in savannah and moist equatorial forest zones, which greatly influenced their economic development. This subregion is one of the richest areas, not only in Africa, but in the world. The ethnic composition of the local population, unlike the previous region, is homogeneous. Nine-tenths of it are the Bantu peoples of Africa, who are related to each other.
Economy of the subregion
All states in this subregion, according to the UN classification, are developing. Agriculture and the mining industry play a major role in creating GDP. In this regard, Western and Central Africa similar. The minerals mined here are cobalt, manganese, copper, diamonds, gold, natural gas, oil. The subregion has good hydropower potential. In addition, significant reserves forest resources are here.
These are the main Central ones.
East Africa
It is located in tropical and subequatorial climate zones. East Africa comes to Indian Ocean, so she has supported since ancient times trade relations With Arab countries and India. The mineral wealth of this subregion is less significant, but the diversity natural resources overall very great. This is what largely determines various options their economic use.
Population of East Africa
East Africa is a highly mosaic subregion in ethnically. The borders of many countries were set arbitrarily by former colonial powers. At the same time, the cultural and ethnic differences that the population of East Africa has were not taken into account. Due to significant social and cultural differences, the subregion has significant conflict potential. Wars often broke out here, including civil ones.
South Africa
It is located in the southern part of the continent, which is farthest from Asia, America and Europe, but it opens up to the sea route that goes around the southern tip of Africa. This subregion is located in subtropical and tropical latitudes Southern Hemisphere. There is a significant amount of natural resources, of which mineral resources are especially prominent. The Republic of South Africa (RSA) is the main “core” of this subregion. It is the only economically developed state on the continent.
Population and economy of South Africa
A significant number are of European origin. Bantu peoples make up the vast majority of the inhabitants of this subregion. Local population is generally poor, but South Africa has a well-established road network and operates effectively air service, there is a good tourist infrastructure. Mining, as well as deposits of gold, platinum, diamonds and other minerals, form the basis of the economy. In addition, southern Africa is increasingly developing technology, tourism and manufacturing industries.
Finally
As you can see, in general the mainland is not very developed economically. Its population is unevenly distributed. Currently, about a billion people live on the continent of Africa. Its subregions were briefly characterized by us. In conclusion, I would like to note that this continent is considered the ancestral home of humanity: they found here oldest remains early hominids, as well as their probable ancestors. There is a special science of African studies, which studies cultural, political, economic and social problems Africa.
Makes up about 1.2 billion people. However, according to scientists, in less than 50 years this figure will double.
How many Africans will there be by 2050?
According to UNICEF, in 2030 the number of children on the hottest continent will increase to 750 million. It is predicted rapid growth fertility rate, due to which the population of Africa under the age of 18 will be more than a billion people by 2055. Today, the number of Africans reaches 1.2 billion. But in 30-35 years, according to scientists, this figure will increase to 2.5 billion.
Problems associated with the demographic leap
The increase in Africa's population will bring with it a number of problems in the areas of education and health. UNICEF staff are drawing international attention to these issues. They also recommend increasing attention to the topic of discrimination against women to strengthen the protection of their rights.
According to experts, in 10-15 years the African continent there will be a shortage of teachers and medical workers. In addition, about 5.8 million teachers and 5.6 million doctors and other medical personnel will be needed.
Nigeria
The standards of beauty on this hot continent differ from the canons familiar to Europeans. For example, in some tribes a woman is considered ideally beautiful if she has a long neck. From early childhood, girls hang special rings to stretch it out. These jewelry remain on the neck for life. They cannot be removed, since over many years of wearing the muscles weaken greatly and are unable to support the head. This can lead to the woman's death.
Africa is catching up with Asia
Today the picture of the population of our planet looks like this:
- Asia is home to about 60% of the world's population;
- Africa ranks second, with 17% of the population;
- approximately 10% of all people are concentrated in European countries;
- the remaining 13% are settled in Northern and South America, Oceania and the Caribbean Islands.
According to scientists, the demographic explosion will lead to the fact that by 2100 the population in African countries will almost double, while in Asia the birth rate will decline. IN percentage By the end of the 21st century, the population of our planet will be as follows:
- 43% are residents of Asian countries;
- 41% are African;
- 16% - the rest.