This lesson “Population Placement and Migration” will form your knowledge about the peculiarities of population placement; about the diversity and large scale of modern population migration. You will understand what modern population mobility is connected with. The teacher will explain in detail the reasons for migration, talk about which countries and regions are suppliers of migrants, and which are their new home, even if only temporarily or forever...
Topic: Geography of the world population
Lesson: Population placement and migration
The planet's population is unevenly distributed, with approximately half of the Earth's population living on 5% of the inhabited land area. Undeveloped lands occupy 15% of the land area. Average population density - 51 people/sq. km. Large habitats with relatively high density the population (over 100 people per 1 sq. km) is relatively small: Europe (without its northern part); in Asia - Indo-Gangetic lowland, South India, Eastern China, Japanese Islands, Java Island; in Africa - the Nile Valley and the lower reaches of the Niger; in America - some coastal areas in the northeastern United States, Brazil and Argentina. Among the most dense populated countries world - Bangladesh (more than 1000 people per 1 sq. km), Republic of Korea, Puerto Rico, Rwanda - 400 - 500 people per 1 sq. km. km, the Netherlands and Belgium - 330 - 395 people per 1 sq. km, and in urban areas the population density often reaches several thousand people per 1 sq. km (the highest rates are in cities such as Manila (43,000 people/sq. km), Mumbai (22,000 people/sq. km). Lowest density population is typical for Mongolia, Australia, Namibia, Mauritania (less than 3 people per 1 sq. km).
Rice. 1. World population density map
(the darker the color, the higher the population density)
Factors influencing the uneven distribution of the population:
1. Natural conditions. High mountains, deserts, tundra, and glacial territories are unfavorable for human habitation and are practically uninhabited. On the contrary, 80% of the total population lives in the lowlands and altitudes up to 500 meters. Most of The population is concentrated in the subequatorial and subtropical zones.
2. Historical features check-in. Initially, man settled East Africa, Southern Europe and South-West Asia, then spread to other parts of the world.
3. Differences in demographics. Countries with high natural growth also have high population densities.
4. Socio-economic conditions. The majority of the population gravitates towards coastal areas, this is especially evident in Australia, Europe, and America. More than 50% of the total population lives in a 200-kilometer strip along the coasts. IN industrial centers Europe average density population reaches 1500 people/sq. km.
2. Federal portal Russian Education ().
4. Official informational portal Unified State Exam ().
SETTLEMENT AND PLACEMENT OF POPULATION
The process of distribution and redistribution of population across a territory is called resettlement. Spatial drawing resettlement is called placement population.
Basic patterns of population distribution.
| About 70% of the population is concentrated on 7% of the territory, and 15% of the land is completely uninhabited territory. | ||||
| 90% of the population lives in the northern hemisphere | over 50% of the population - up to 200 m above sea level, and up to 45 - up to 500 m | about 30% - at a distance of no more than 50 km from the seashore, and 53% - in a 200-km coastal strip. | ||
| V eastern hemisphere 80% of the population is concentrated | the majority of the population lives above 1000 m in Bolivia, Mexico, Peru, Ethiopia, and Afghanistan. | |||
| average density: 45 people/km 2 | only in Bolivia, Peru and China (Tibet) the border of human habitation exceeds 5000 m | |||
| on 1/2 of the land the population density is less than 5 people/km 2 | ||||
| maximum population density: Bangladesh - 700 people/km 2 | ||||
In small, mostly island states the density is even higher than in Bangladesh: in Singapore - more than 5600, in the Maldives - 900, in Malta - 1200, in Monaco - 16400 people. For 1 sq. Km.
REGIONS OF THE LARGEST POPULATION CLASSES:
- East Asia(China, Japan, Korea)
- South Asia (India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Pakistan)
- Southeast Asia (Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia, etc.
- Europe
- Atlantic coast North. America (northeastern USA).
REASONS FOR UNEVENITY
- Climate
- Relief
- Historical features of the settlement of the territory
- Socio-economic factors (in Lately)
TYPES OF POPULATION ACCOMMODATION URBAN RURAL group (village) scattered (farming) Russia, China, Japan, a number of countries foreign Europe, in the majority developing countries USA, Canada, Australia, in a number of foreign European countries
MIGRATION (MECHANICAL MOVEMENT) OF POPULATIONGreat impact on the size, composition and distribution of the population in individual countries ah and all over the world are affected by its movements, called population migrations. main reason migrations are economic, but they are also caused by political, national, religious, environmental and other reasons.
Figure 7. Types of migrations.
International (external) population migrations arose in ancient times and continued in the Middle Ages, primarily in connection with the Great geographical discoveries, But greatest development received in the era of capitalism.
The biggest “migration explosion” began in the 19th century. The main center of emigration for a long time Europe remained, where the development of capitalism was accompanied by the “pushing” of part of the population into those areas where there were free lands, the economy developed rapidly and created a demand for labor. In total, from the beginning of emigration to the Second World War, 60 million people left Europe. The second center of emigration developed in Asia. Here, Chinese and Indian workers (coolies) became emigrants, who were recruited to work on plantations and mines. The main centers of immigration were the USA, Canada, Brazil, Argentina, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa.
After the Second World War, the size of international migration began to increase again and by the end of the 20th century. reached the scale of a new “migration explosion”. As before, the main reason for these migrations is economic, when people leave in search of a new place of employment, better life. Such migrations are called labor migrations. As a result, at the end of the 20th century. There are already 35-40 million people working permanently or temporarily outside their countries, and taking into account family members, seasonal workers and illegal emigrants - 4-5 times more. The largest number of foreign workers is in Switzerland, where they account for about 10% of the workforce. The main flow of such labor emigrants goes from developing to economically developed countries. But labor migration also exists between economically developed and developing countries.
The main reason for this kind of international migration work force- large gap in living standards and wages between economically developed and developing countries. However, in the USA and Western Europe, immigrants, especially young people, are often forced to take on the most difficult, low-paid and low-prestige jobs. Of course, they can also be found on modern enterprises. But the majority settle either in mines and construction sites, or in the service sector, becoming sellers, peddlers, waiters, elevator operators, watchmen, drivers, garbage collectors, etc.
Nowadays there are three main centers of attraction of labor resources in the world.
Firstly, this is Western Europe (especially Germany, France, Great Britain, Switzerland), where a significant layer of immigrant workers from a number of countries has already formed Southern Europe(Italy, Spain), Western Asia (Turkey) and North Africa; in the 90s the influx of migrants from of Eastern Europe and CIS countries.
Secondly, this is the United States, where legal immigration alone (mainly from Latin America, Asia and Europe) amounts to approximately 1 million people per year, and illegal immigration is even more.
Thirdly, these are the oil-producing countries of the Persian Gulf, in total number whose population, labor migrants(from Egypt, India, Pakistan and other countries) far exceed local population. Canada and Australia also remain countries with significant immigration, but to a greater extent Israel, whose population is increasing by 2/3 due to the immigration influx largely from Russia and some other CIS countries.
In the second half of the 20th century. appeared new form external migrations, which, in contrast to the previous “muscle drain,” was called "brain drain"(or "brain pumping"). Its essence lies in luring foreign scientists, engineers, doctors and other specialists highly qualified. It began with an outflow from countries Western Europe in the USA, but then developing countries also became the main suppliers of such immigrant “intellectuals”. “Brain drain” has an extremely negative impact on the economy and culture of these countries, where the stratum of the intelligentsia is still small. In the late 80s - early 90s. in connection with political and economic crisis The “brain drain” from Russia, Ukraine, and other countries that were previously part of the USSR has intensified.
Along with labor migrations, mass migrations for political, ethnic, religious, environmental and other reasons also persist. They are primarily associated with such a recent phenomenon as the formation of refugee flows, the total number of which in the world has already exceeded 20 million people. It is clear that people are fleeing primarily from areas of acute political and military conflicts. In the first half of the 90s. The first place in the world in terms of the number of refugees (more than 6 million) was occupied by Afghanistan, where before that there was a long and bloody war. More than 2 million refugees left Rwanda, more than 1.5 million - Iran and Mozambique, 1.2 million - Bosnia and Herzegovina. Massive flows of refugees are also typical for a number of CIS countries.
Internal (intrastate) population migrations are of several types. These include population movements from rural areas into cities, which in many countries is the main source of their growth. Nowadays, this type of internal migration has assumed such proportions that it has come to be called the “great migration of peoples of the 20th century.” Territorial redistribution of the population also occurs between large and small cities. Colonization and development of new lands are associated with migrations. This type of migration is typical primarily for large countries with sharp contrasts in population density - Russia, Kazakhstan, Canada, Brazil, Australia and China.
Recently, the outflow of people from various kinds"hot spots", including not only military-political conflicts, but also areas environmental disaster. Essentially these are the same refugees (for example, environmental refugees), but they are usually called displaced persons.
URBANIZATION
City- large locality, performing industrial, organizational, economic, managerial, cultural, transport and other (but not agricultural) functions.
A city is a concentration of population and economy in a relatively small area.
The “largeness” of a city is determined by the number of people living in it, the so-called. crowded. At the same time, a city is considered in the Scandinavian countries to be a population with more than 200 inhabitants, in Canada, Australia - over 1 thousand, in Germany, France - over 2 thousand, in the USA - over 2.5 thousand, India - over 5 thousand, the Netherlands - over 10 thousand, in Russia - over 12 thousand, and in Japan - over 30 thousand.
Table 16. Dynamics urban population peace
Urbanization- process of urban growth, increase specific gravity urban population in the country, region, world, the increasing role of cities in all spheres of society, the predominance of the urban lifestyle over the rural one.
Urbanization indicator - level of urbanization- the share of the urban population in the total population.
Table 17. Dynamics of the share of urban population by major regions of the world (%).
Regions 1950 1970 1990 1995 Africa 15 23 30 34 North America 64 70 75 75 Latin America 41 57 65 74 Asia 17 25 34 34 Europe 54 64 73 74 Australia and Oceania 61 65 68 70 China 30 Russia 76
Table 18. Classification of countries by level of urbanization, (%).highly urbanized mid-urban semi-urbanized more than 50% 20-50% up to 20% - Belgium (95), Germany, Denmark, Great Britain, Iceland, Spain, the Netherlands, etc.;
- Israel (90), Kuwait (94), etc.;
- USA (74), Guadeloupe (90), Guiana (81), Argentina (86), Uruguay (89), Chile (84);
- Australia (85)
- Portugal (30), Albania (36);
- China (40), India (27), Indonesia (31);
- Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Moldova
Cambodia (11), Laos (16), Bhutan (13), Nepal (7), Oman (9), Burkina Faso (9), Burundi (5), Rwanda (7), Ethiopia (12) Industrialized: 75%
EU countries: 80.8%Worldwide: 47%
Developing: 41%Least developed: 14.7% Three common features urbanizations characteristic of most countries
- Rapid urban population growth, especially in less developed countries. Nowadays, developing countries account for more than 4/5 of the total annual increase in the number of urban residents, and the absolute number of city dwellers has already far exceeded their number in economically developed countries. By absolute indicator The leader of urban residents is China, although in terms of the level of urbanization this country is classified as medium-urbanized.
- Continued concentration of urban populations, primarily in large cities.
Table 19. Growth in the number of millionaire cities in the twentieth century.
Table 20 . Largest countries in the world by urban population (in 2000)
Countries
Urban population, million people
Proportion of urban population
%
China
India
USA
Brazil
Russia
Japan
Indonesia
Mexico
Germany
Great Britain
Nigeria
48,1
Türkiye
48,1
France
43,9
Philippines
41,1
Italy
38,6
- "Sprawling" of cities, expansion of their territory, transition from "spot" cities to urban ones agglomerations- compact spatial groupings of urban settlements, united by diverse and intensive production, labor and cultural connections.
Here we can add deterioration environmental situation in cities and industrial centers.
Recently for characterization largest cities world, as a rule, data on the agglomerations formed by them are used, because this approach is more correct.
Table 21. Largest agglomerations in the world in 2000Agglomerations
Number of inhabitants
million people
Agglomerations
Numberresidents,
million people
Tokyo
26,4
Dhaka
11,7
Mexico City
17,9
Karachi
11,4
Mumbai (Bombay)
17,5
Paris
11,3
Sao Paulo
17,5
Delhi
11,3
NY
16,6
London
11,2
Moscow
13,4
Osaka
11,0
Los Angeles
13,0
Beijing
10,8
Shanghai
12,9
Jakarta
10,6
Lagos
12,8
Manila
Leading ideas: Population is the basis material life society, active element of our planet. People of all races, nations and nationalities are equally capable of participating in material production and in spiritual life.
Basic concepts: demography, growth rates and population growth rates, population reproduction, fertility (birth rate), mortality (mortality rate), natural increase (rate natural increase), traditional, transitional, modern type reproduction, demographic explosion, demographic crisis, demographic policy, migration (emigration, immigration), demographic situation, gender and age structure of the population, gender and age pyramid, EAN, labor resources, employment structure; resettlement and placement of the population; urbanization, agglomeration, megalopolis, race, ethnicity, discrimination, apartheid, world and national religions.
Skills and abilities: be able to calculate and apply indicators of reproduction, security labor resources(EAN), urbanization, etc. for individual countries and groups of countries, as well as analyze and draw conclusions (compare, generalize, determine trends and consequences of these trends), read, compare and analyze age-sex pyramids various countries and groups of countries; Using atlas maps and other sources, characterize changes in basic indicators across the world, characterize the population of the country (region) according to the plan using atlas maps.
The purpose of the lesson: Create conditions for “obtaining” knowledge about the population of Foreign Asia.
Educational tasks in the subject: Make diagrams or maps based on the proposed material, draw conclusions about the size and structure of the population of Asia.
Educational tasks:
- Vaccinate ethical standards communication.
- Instill a sense of tolerance.
- To promote the development of cognitive interest in the subject.
Developmental tasks:
- Continue to form universal educational actions: create a cluster, transform statistical information into diagrams, text into diagrams and maps.
- Improve your ability to work with various sources geographic information: thematic maps, statistical materials.
- Improve communication competencies.
- Develop logical thinking and the ability to systematize educational material.
Form of training: small group.
- Educational and visual complex;
- Textbook Maksakovsky V.P. Economic and social geography world - M.: Education, 2008.
- Maps of Asia in the atlas.
Didactic material: statistical tables, blank outline maps of Asia.
Lesson formats: A lesson using elements of a systemic activity approach and critical thinking.
Lesson plan:
1. Organizational moment.
2. Studying new material - independent work in groups.
3. Creating a cluster.
4. Conclusions.
5. Homework assignment. Repeat section 7, paragraph 1, paragraph 3. Answer the questions in writing.
Preliminary preparation.
- The teacher prints out assignments and blank blank outline maps of Asia in advance. Generates files for groups with tasks and materials for work.
- The class is divided into 8 groups of 3-4 people. On the blackboard in the center, one of the students writes down the topic of the lesson: “Population of Asia.”
During the classes
Organizational moment – 1 minute.
Goal setting – 5 minutes.
Teacher: We continue to study the region Foreign Asia. Today the topic of our research will be population. Let's set lesson goals together and develop an action plan. Let's think about what sources of information we will need.
Students determine the goal of the lesson: to create a cluster “Population of Overseas Asia.” They draw up a work plan and formalize it in the form of a diagram, which will become the basis for the cluster:
Sources of information: textbook text, atlas maps.
Teacher: I suggest each group choose a task based on one of the points in the plan. We will present the results of the work and conclusions in the form of a cluster on the board.
The teacher distributes folders with a pre-formed package for each group. The folder contains a task card, statistical materials, a blank outline map of Asia (if necessary), colored sheets for drawing up diagrams (if necessary).
Work in groups – 15 minutes.
Group 1 task:
- Make a map “The largest countries in Asia by population.” To do this, using statistical materials, plot the Asian countries included in the 20 on a contour map. largest countries by population.
- Draw a conclusion from the map. Explain the reasons for the high population.
Statistical materials:
| № | A country | Population, people |
| 1 | China | 1 347 350 000 |
| 2 | India | 1 223 442 000 |
| 3 | USA | 314 347 000 |
| 4 | Indonesia | 237 641 326 |
| 5 | Brazil | 197 059 000 |
| 6 | Pakistan | 176 728 500 |
| 7 | Nigeria | 166 629 383 |
| 8 | Bangladesh | 152 518 015 |
| 9 | Russia | 143 100 000 |
| 10 | Japan | 126 400 000 |
| 11 | Mexico | 112 336 538 |
| 12 | Philippines | 92 337 852 |
| 13 | Vietnam | 87 840 000 |
| 14 | Egypt | 82 530 000 |
| 15 | Ethiopia | 82 101 998 |
| 16 | Germany | 81 843 809 |
| 17 | Iran | 76 672 604 |
| 18 | Türkiye | 74 724 269 |
| 19 | DR Congo | 69 575 394 |
| 20 | Thailand | 65 479 453 |
Group 2 task:
1. Compose bar chart“The largest countries in Asia by population.” To do this, using statistical materials, build a diagram using a template.
2. Draw a conclusion from the diagram about Asia’s place in the world in terms of population. Calculate the average population density in the region.
Statistical materials:
The largest countries in the world by population (according to the website http://geo.koltyrin.ru)
| № | A country | Population, people |
| 1 | China | 1 347 350 000 |
| 2 | India | 1 223 442 000 |
| 3 | USA | 314 347 000 |
| 4 | Indonesia | 237 641 326 |
| 5 | Brazil | 197 059 000 |
| 6 | Pakistan | 176 728 500 |
| 7 | Nigeria | 166 629 383 |
| 8 | Bangladesh | 152 518 015 |
| 9 | Russia | 143 100 000 |
| 10 | Japan | 126 400 000 |
| 11 | Mexico | 112 336 538 |
| 12 | Philippines | 92 337 852 |
| 13 | Vietnam | 87 840 000 |
| 14 | Egypt | 82 530 000 |
| 15 | Ethiopia | 82 101 998 |
| 16 | Germany | 81 843 809 |
| 17 | Iran | 76 672 604 |
| 18 | Türkiye | 74 724 269 |
| 19 | DR Congo | 69 575 394 |
| 20 | Thailand | 65 479 453 |
3. Make a bar chart “Population of regions of the world.” To do this, using statistical materials, build a diagram using a template.
Statistical materials:
- World – 7000 million people
- Asia – 4175 million people
- Europe – 734 million people
- Africa – 1038 million people
- Anglo-America – 347 million people
- Latin America – 597 million people
- Australia and Oceania – 35 million people
Group 3 task:
Make 3 bar charts: “Birthrate by region of the world”, “Mortality by region of the world”, “Natural increase by region of the world”. To do this, using statistical materials, build a diagram using a template.
Draw conclusions from the diagrams. Indicate the type of population reproduction characteristic of Asia
Statistical materials:
For reference: the maximum natural increase in the world:
Oman – 34‰, Yemen – 33‰, Saudi Arabia – 31‰.
Group 4 task:
1. Make 3 bar charts “Proportion of children (under 15 years of age) by region of the world”, “Proportion of elderly (over 65 years of age) by region of the world”, “Average life expectancy by region of the world”. To do this, using statistical materials, build a diagram using a template.
2. Draw conclusions from the diagrams. Indicate the type of population reproduction characteristic of Asia. What problems related to population age structure arise in Asia?
Statistical materials:
For reference:
The longest life expectancy in the world is in Japan - average age 81 years old
Average age of the population in the regions and the world:
- World – 29 years
- Asia – 28 years
- Europe - 40 years
- Africa - 20 years
- Anglo-America - 38 years old
- Latin America –28
- Australia–27 years
Group 5 task:
1. Make a map “The largest languages of the world.” To do this, using statistical materials, apply contour map countries where speakers of the main languages of the world live, highlight the most common languages by shading. Select Asian countries.
2. Draw a conclusion based on the map diagram.
3. Analyze the map “Peoples of the World” in the atlas. Define language families to which the peoples of Asia belong.
Statistical material:
Largest language families:
- Indo-European – 2.5 billion people, 150 peoples, 11 language groups
- Sino-Tibetan – more than 1 billion people
Languages of the world:
| Major languages of the world (as a native language, in millions of people) | The most common languages of the world, in millions of people. |
| Chinese – 844 | Chinese – 1200 |
| Hindi – 340 | English – 480 |
| Spanish – 339 | Hindi – 430 |
| English – 326 | Spanish – 400 |
| Bengali – 193 | Russian – 250 |
| Arabic – 190 | Arabic – 220 |
| Portuguese – 172 | Portuguese – 160 |
| Russian – 169 | Bengali – 160 |
| Japanese – 125 | Japanese – 125 |
| German – 98 | German – 90 |
| French - 73 |
Group 6 task:
1. Make a bar chart “Ethnic groups with a population of more than 100 million people.” To do this, using statistical materials, build a diagram using a template.
2. Draw conclusions from the diagrams.
Statistical materials:
- Chinese – 1100 million people
- Hindustani - 229 million people
- Americans – 190 million people
- Bengalis - 180 million people
- Russians – 143 million people
- Brazilians – 140 million people
- Japanese – 125 million people
For reference: large nations include Punjabis, Biharis - India, Javanese - Indonesia.
Analyze the map “Peoples of the World” in the atlas. Make a map “The most multinational countries in the world.” What problems arise from Asia's diverse national composition?
For certificates: the most multinational countries include India - more than 500 nationalities, Indonesia - about 250, Russia - about 190.
For reference: Single-national countries are those where the titular nationality makes up more than 90% of the population.
Group 7 task:
1. Draw up a diagram of “The Religious Composition of Asia.” To do this, use the materials from the atlas maps.
2. Make a map “Religious composition of Asia”. To do this, use the text “Religions of Asia”.
3. Why did all the world’s religions originate in Asia? What problems arise in connection with variegated religious composition Asia?
Text: “Religions of Asia.”
Asia is the part of the world where all world religions originated. Some of these religions were almost driven out of Asia and spread widely in other parts of the world (Christianity, Judaism). Others spread throughout the world and in Asia (Islam). Still others remained mainly Asian religions and began to spread throughout the world only recently (Hinduism, Sikhism, Buddhism, Confucianism).
Southwest Asia Currently, this is a region where more than 90% are Muslim. There are only three countries in the region that do not fit into the picture of Islamic domination. This is Lebanon, where there are many Christians (about 40%); Cyprus, which is dominated by Orthodox Christians; Israel, where the majority of the population is Jewish.
In the center of South Asia - India and Nepal - Hinduism dominates, on the periphery - in Pakistan, Bangladesh, in the Maldives - Islam, and in Sri Lanka and Bhutan - Buddhism.
Buddhism dominates in Southeast Asia (Myanmar, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand, Vietnam). Islam dominates in the Malay-Indonesian subregion (Malaysia, Indonesia, Brunei), and the Philippines is the only Asian state where the absolute majority of residents (more than 80%) are Catholics.
Eastern and central Asia- an area where Buddhism is widely spread. Another feature of this region is the phenomenon of multi-confessionalism. In China, the system of joint worship of three cults prevails - Buddhism, Confucianism and Taoism; in Japan - two - Buddhism and Shintoism. In the Republic of Korea in the twentieth century. The rapid spread of Christianity began, mainly in the form of Protestantism, which greatly displaced traditional Korean Buddhism and shamanism. Christians now make up almost 50% of the country's population. In the DPRK, as a result of persecution by the state, the number of believers (Buddhists and shamanists) has decreased to a third of the population. In Mongolia, the majority of the population is Buddhist.
IN Central Asia and Kazakhstan, the population professes Islam. Muslims make up the majority of the population in all countries in this region except Kazakhstan (40%).
In Azerbaijan, Shiite Islam predominates, in Georgia - Orthodoxy and a significant group of Muslims. In Armenia, the overwhelming majority of the village are Monophysite Christians.
In total, there are 3030 million Christians in Asia (16% of them total number and 9% of the Asian population), 790 million Hindus (25 and 97% respectively), 882 million Hindus (25 and 97%), 350 million Buddhists (10 and 95%).
Group 8 task:
1. Make a map. Indicate the boundaries of the “density poles” of the population. To do this, use the materials from the atlas maps.
2. Mark on this map the “super” cities of Asia, with a population of more than 5 million people.
For reference: largest agglomerations Asia: Tokyo - Yokohama - 31 million people, Seoul - 20 million people, Osaka - Kobe - Kyoto - 18 million people, Jakarta - 17.5 million people, Mumbai - 17 million people, Delhi – 17 million people
3. Create a bar chart “Level of urbanization by region of the world.” To do this, using statistical materials, build a diagram using a template.
4. Draw a conclusion from the diagram.
Statistical materials:
- World – 50%
- Asia – 42%
- Europe – 73%
- Africa – 40%
- Anglo-America – 82%
- Latin America – 84%
- Australia – 85%
The most big cities Asia (according to the website http://geo.koltyrin.ru)
| № | City | A country | Population (persons) |
| 1 | Shanghai | China | 15 017 783 |
| 2 | Bangkok | Thailand | 15 012 197 |
| 3 | Karachi | Pakistan | 13 205 339 |
| 4 | Tokyo | Japan | 13 051 965 |
| 5 | Mumbai | India | 12 478 447 |
| 6 | Delhi | India | 11 007 835 |
| 7 | Istanbul | Türkiye | 10 895 257 |
| 8 | Dhaka | Bangladesh | 10 861 172 |
| 9 | Seoul | The Republic of Korea | 9 631 482 |
| 10 | Jakarta | Indonesia | 9 588 198 |
| 11 | Baghdad | Iraq | 9 500 000 |
| 12 | Tehran | Iran | 7 797 520 |
| 13 | Beijing | China | 7 602 069 |
| 14 | Lahore | Pakistan | 7 129 609 |
| 15 | Ho Chi Minh City | Vietnam | 7 123 340 |
| 16 | Hanoi | Vietnam | 6 448 837 |
| 17 | Bangalore | India | 5 280 000 |
| 18 | Singapore | Singapore | 5 183 700 |
| 19 | Calcutta | India | 5 080 519 |
| 20 | Chennai | India | 4 590 267 |
6. Identify the causes of population imbalance in Asia.
7. Why is Asia called the “global village”?
Adding information to the cluster and presenting findings - 24 min.
Each group comes out and attaches their diagrams and maps to the board with magnets. Reports conclusions – 3 minutes to each group. All students record their findings in their workbook.
Sample conclusions:
Group 1. The largest countries in the world by population are China and India (with more than 1 billion people each). The region is home to 7 of the 12 countries in the world with a population of more than 100 million people and 12 of the 25 largest countries in the world. Such a large population is explained by the fact that most Asian countries belong to the second type of reproduction, as can be seen from the atlas maps.
Group 2. Currently, about 7 billion people live on Earth, of which about 4.2 billion people live in Foreign Asia (2010 data), which is approximately 60% of the world population. This means that the Foreign Asia region is the most populated. Knowing the area of the region and its population, we can calculate the average density of about 135 people/km, which exceeds the world average by about 3 times (the average world population density is 45 people/km).
Group 3. Most Asian countries belong to the second type of population reproduction, which is characterized by high birth rates and natural increase. The first type of population reproduction includes Japan, the Republic of Korea, and Israel, as can be seen from the atlas maps. China, where a demographic policy aimed at reducing the birth rate is being actively pursued, has also switched to the first type of reproduction.
Group 4. In Asian countries, there is a large proportion of the population under the age of 15 years, i.e. children, while the proportion of the elderly population is one of the smallest in the world. Therefore, the average age of the population is only 28 years. This situation creates many social and economic problems: access to education, unemployment, migration of the working population.
Group 5. Of the 11 main peoples of the world, 5 live in Asia, and of the 10 most common languages in the world, 5 are classified as Asian. Analysis of the “Peoples of the World” map showed that the population of Asia belongs to several large language families:
- to the Afro-Asian family of South-West Asia (Arabs);
- To Indo-European family South-West Asia (Kurds, Persians, Afghans and the most numerous Hindustani people);
- To Altai family Central and partly East Asia (Uighurs, Mongols, Koreans and Japanese);
- to the Sino-Tibetan family of East Asia (Tibetans and Chinese).
Small language families: Austroasiatic family (Vietes); Paratai family (Lao); Austronesian family (Javanese) Southeast Asia; Dravidian family (Tamils) of India.
The linguistic composition of the population is very diverse because the population belongs to many language families. This is due to the historical features of the development of the region.
Group 6. Ethnic composition Asia's population is very complex. Of the 7 ethnic groups numbering more than 100 million. 4 people live here, i.e. more than 50%. Analysis of the atlas map and map showed that most Asian countries are classified as multinational. Japan, Korea, and the countries of South-West Asia can be considered mononational. Due to the complex national composition, interethnic conflicts arise.
Group 7. Analysis of the “Religions of the World” map and diagram showed that the population of the region professes all three world religions and national ones.
World religions:
- Islam Southwest Asia. Sunni Muslims live in Saudi Arabia, UAE, Oman, Indonesia, Yemen, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Turkey, Syria and other countries. Shia Muslims live in Iran and in small groups in other Muslim countries.
- Buddhism Central, East and Southeast Asia. Buddhists live in Mongolia, China, Thailand, Myanmar, Vietnam, Laos and other countries.
- Christians live in Libya, Syria, and Israel.
National religions. On the basis of Buddhism, national religions arose in Mongolia - Lamaism, in China - Confucianism, in Japan - Shintoism, in India - Hinduism. In Israel they practice Judaism.
The religious composition of the Asian population is complex. Asia is the birthplace of world and national religions. Christianity, in Asian countries, but in comparison with Islam and Buddhism, has limited distribution. Due to the complex religious composition, interreligious conflicts arise.
Group 8. Analysis of the “Population Distribution” map showed that the population is unevenly distributed throughout the region and the main reason for this is natural conditions. Plain areas and river valleys, sea coasts are “density poles” of population. Mountain and desert areas are extremely sparsely populated. The most densely populated regions are South and East Asia, including India, China, Japan, and Bangladesh. Most of the Asian population is rural population, 58%, i.e. The urbanization rate is one of the lowest in the world, so we can call Asia the “global village”. But the region has the world's largest number of super-cities, with more than 5 million people.
Homework assignment. Repeat section 7, paragraph 1, paragraph 3. Answer the questions in writing:
- List natural and social preconditions population concentration.
- Is it necessary to reduce high rates population growth in Asia?
- What demographic policy should be pursued in Asia?
- Why did all the world's religions originate in Asia?
Materials used in preparation for the lesson:
Internet resources.
- http://geo.koltyrin.ru.
- http://worldgeo.ru
Literature.
- Kurasheva E.M. Economic and social geography of the world in diagrams and tables. 10th grade: M., Exam, 2011.
- Smirnova M.S., Liozner V.L., Gorokhov S.A. Geography lessons: 10th grade: Methodological manual. Master class: M., Bustard, 2006.