Hitler and the German generals still continued to plan the defeat and encirclement of Soviet troops, although only recently they had been defeated at Stalingrad. They needed victory, they needed a new offensive. And it was planned in the Kursk direction. The German offensive was codenamed Operation Citadel.
The Germans gathered huge forces for the offensive. About 900 thousand soldiers, more than 2 thousand tanks, 10 thousand guns and 2 thousand aircraft. However, the situation in the first days of the war was no longer possible. The Wehrmacht had no numerical, no technical, and most importantly, strategic advantage.
On the Soviet side, more than one million soldiers, 2 thousand aircraft, almost 19 thousand guns and about 2 thousand tanks were ready to enter the Battle of Kursk. And, most importantly, the strategic and psychological superiority of the Soviet army was no longer in doubt. The plan to counter the Wehrmacht was simple and at the same time absolutely brilliant. The plan was to bleed the German army dry in heavy defensive battles and then launch a counteroffensive. The plan worked brilliantly, as the Battle of Kursk itself showed.
The Battle of Kursk went down in history as a great tank battle. The Germans had high hopes for the latest Tiger and Panther tanks and Ferdinand assault guns. The Germans had high hopes for the latest Tiger and Panther tanks and Ferdinand assault guns.
The official designation of this tank is almost impossible to remember: Pz.KpFw.Vl (Sd.Kfz.181) Tiger Aust.H1! The German Tiger was close to perfection in most respects, but cost twice as much as any tank of the same class. And the Tiger belonged to the class of Breakthrough Tanks, in German Durchbruchwegen. At the first stage, the German army conquered Europe without visible problems. But when the Nazis collided with the Soviet T-34 and KV-1, even the Tigers did not save Germany
T-34
The largest oncoming tank battle of the entire Second World War near Prokhorovka finally buried Hitler’s Operation Citadel. It happened on July 12. 1,200 tanks and self-propelled guns simultaneously participated in it on both sides. This battle was won by Soviet soldiers. The Nazis, having lost up to 400 tanks during the day of battle, were forced to abandon the offensive.
On August 5, Soviet troops liberated the cities of Orel and Belgorod. On the evening of August 5, in honor of this major victory, a victory salute was given in Moscow for the first time in two years of war. From that time on, artillery salutes constantly announced the glorious victories of Soviet weapons.
On August 23, Kharkov was liberated. Thus the Battle of the Kursk Arc of Fire ended victoriously. During it, 30 selected enemy divisions were defeated. Nazi troops lost about 500 thousand people, 1,500 tanks, 3 thousand guns and 3,700 aircraft. For courage and heroism, over 100 thousand Soviet soldiers who took part in the Battle of the Arc of Fire were awarded orders and medals. The Battle of Kursk ended a radical turning point in the Great Patriotic War. On August 23, Kharkov was liberated. Thus the Battle of the Kursk Arc of Fire ended victoriously. During it, 30 selected enemy divisions were defeated. Nazi troops lost about 500 thousand people, 1,500 tanks, 3 thousand guns and 3,700 aircraft. For courage and heroism, over 100 thousand Soviet soldiers who took part in the Battle of the Arc of Fire were awarded orders and medals. The Battle of Kursk ended a radical turning point in the Great Patriotic War.
The tanks were coming... And the earth was shaking. Drowning in the roar of steel. And the whitish stings of the tank guns sprayed fire. It's absolute hell on the battery! The earth shot up to the heavens. And the iron and blood were broken and mixed in half. Yuri Belash. "Dry silence"
“We remember and honor the heroes
Great Patriotic War".
War is a merciless and difficult time that takes the lives of many people.
Battle of Kursk.
July 5 - August 23, 1943. The victory at Kursk was the beginning of the mass expulsion of fascists from Soviet soil. The battle was a turning point in the war.
Commanders-in-Chief Battle of Kursk
In the Battle of Kursk, the troops of the Central and Voronezh Fronts were commanded by experienced generals K.K. Rokossovsky And
N.F. Vatutin .
Behind their troops stood the armies of the Steppe Front of General I.S. Koneva .
Marshals coordinated the actions of the fronts G.K. Zhukov And A.M. Vasilevsky .
On July 5, 1943, one of the largest battles of the Great Patriotic War and the Second World War took place on the lands of four regions of the Russian Federation and Ukraine. It lasted fifty days and nights and was distinguished by exceptional tension and fierceness of the struggle.
This colossal battle truly became a war of engines. Tank battles took place in the fields between Orel and Belgorod, and planes fought in the skies over Kursk.
In this terrible battle on the Kursk Bulge, Nazi Germany finally lost hope of success.
Twentieth century - year forty-three.
July, the sultry summer is in full swing.
And the third year of the bloody war,
Covered with bad fame.
On the Kursk fiery arc
The earth and sky are burning in darkness.
Tank battle near Prokhorovka.
50 divisions from Europe, Hitler's allies, were transferred to the Eastern Front.
During the battles on the Kursk Bulge, the largest tank battle in history took place near the village of Prokhorovka. 800 tanks from each side fought in the battle. It was an impressive sight. The best tank models of the Second World War were on the battlefield.
The Soviet T-34 clashed with the German Tiger. “St. John’s wort” was also tested in that battle. A 57 mm cannon that penetrated the Tiger's armor.
Battle of Kursk.
In a small area of terrain on both sides, over 1,200 tanks, a significant number of artillery and large aviation forces took part in the battle at the same time. In just one day, losses on both sides amounted to over 700 tanks.
During April-June
in the area of the Kursk salient
8 defensive lines were equipped
with a total depth of up to 300 km. The first six lines were occupied by the Central and Voronezh fronts.
The seventh line was prepared by the troops of the Steppe District,
and the eighth, state line was equipped
on the left bank
Specialists from the Gorky Automobile Plant have restored the legendary guards mortar "Katyusha BM-13". The combat vehicle took a place in the Walk of Fame in the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin.
The Katyusha BM-13 multiple launch rocket system is one of the main merits
Soviet engineers, who played a significant role in the victory of Soviet troops over Nazi Germany. Specialists from the Gorky Automobile Plant literally recreated the combat vehicle, piece by piece, using the surviving design documentation.
Battle of Kursk.
The goal of the Nazis - to capture the cities of Kursk, Orel, Belgorod - was thwarted by the courage, fortitude, fortitude and highest patriotism of Soviet soldiers and officers.
Heroes of the Battle of Kursk
The greatness of the feat of the heroes of the Battle of Kursk lies in
that they withstood a powerful tank onslaught
enemy and thereby determined the final failure
July German offensive in Belgorod-Kursk
direction.
The battles on the Kursk Bulge covered entire
divisions, units and formations. Many warriors were
awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
The exploits of tankers.
Soviet tank crews performed miracles of courage and bravery.
This is what one young tanker reports about the feat
Shalandina V.S. and his comrades in arms "History of the Great
Patriotic War of the Soviet Union 1941-1945":
“...The furious attack was repulsed. But then almost without
breathing space, the second attack began, followed by the third and fourth.
The number of German tanks participating in the offensive
increased continuously. In the air above a narrow piece of land
land near the village of Yakovleva, dozens of German
airplanes. And yet the guards survived...
The exploits of tankers.
In this fight, a nineteen-year-old
Lieutenant Komsomol of the company Yu. M. Sokolov destroyed by fire
of his tank, one Tiger and one medium tank.
His friend Lieutenant V.S. Shalandin, who fought nearby,
knocked out two Tigers and two medium tanks.
Lieutenant B.A. Mozharov also destroyed two Tigers.
All three died, but did not retreat a single step..."
Voldemar Shalandin was posthumously awarded
title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
"YAKOVLEVO" N. Molchan
Near Yakovlevo and near Ivnya,
Where the bread was smoking on the vine,
The Nazis broke the tusks
About our Russian armor.
Where blood spilled onto the ground from a hot wound. Poppies bloom in spring.
Majestic and purple.
Tart mother's milk - In their thin green veins. They blaze like torches. This means that the fallen are alive!.. I saw how the steppes bloom in the spring Where attacks once thundered.
You walk and as far as the eye can see: Maki. Poppies. Maki!
The meaning of the Battle of Kursk.
The victorious outcome of the Battle of Kursk accelerated the collapse of the Hitler bloc. Italy's exit from the war was imminent, the authority of the fascist leadership in Romania and Hungary was shaken, Germany's isolation increased, the dictator of Spain Franco recalled his Blue Division from the Soviet-German front.
As a result of the defeat of fascist troops near Kursk, the resistance movement intensified in European countries.
Eternal glory to the fallen!
Let's remember everyone by name, Let's remember with grief ours.
It's not the dead who need this, it's the living who need it.
People of the Earth! Kill the war!
Damn the war! Carry your dream through the years
And fill it with life!
But about those who will never come again, I conjure,
1 of 31
Presentation on the topic: Battle of Kursk
Slide no. 1
Slide no. 2
Slide description:
The Battle of Kursk (Battle of Kursk), which lasted from July 5 to August 23, 1943, is one of the key battles of the Great Patriotic War. In Soviet and Russian historiography, it is customary to divide the battle into three parts: the Kursk defensive operation (July 5-23); Oryol (July 12 - August 18) and Belgorod-Kharkov (August 3-23) offensive.
Slide no. 3
Slide description:
During the winter offensive of the Red Army and the subsequent counter-offensive of the Wehrmacht in Eastern Ukraine, a protrusion up to 150 kilometers deep and up to 200 kilometers wide, facing west (the so-called “Kursk Bulge”), formed in the center of the Soviet-German front.
Slide no. 4
Slide no. 5
Slide description:
Having information about the preparation of the Nazi troops for an offensive, the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command decided to temporarily go on the defensive on the Kursk Bulge and, during the defensive battle, bleed the enemy’s strike forces and thereby create favorable conditions for the Soviet troops to launch a counteroffensive, and then a general strategic offensive .
Slide no. 6
Slide description:
To carry out Operation Citadel, the German command concentrated 50 divisions in the sector, including 18 tank and motorized divisions. The enemy group, according to Soviet sources, numbered about 900 thousand people, up to 10 thousand guns and mortars, about 2.7 thousand tanks and more than 2 thousand aircraft.
Slide no. 7
Slide description:
By the beginning of the Battle of Kursk, the Supreme High Command headquarters had created a grouping (Central and Voronezh fronts) with more than 1.3 million people, up to 20 thousand guns and mortars, more than 3,300 tanks and self-propelled guns, 2,650 aircraft. The troops of the Central Front (commander - General of the Army Konstantin Rokossovsky) defended the northern front of the Kursk ledge, and the troops of the Voronezh Front (commander - General of the Army Nikolai Vatutin) - the southern front.
Slide no. 8
Slide description:
Voronezh Front (commander - Army General Nikolai Vatutin) - southern front. The troops occupying the ledge relied on the Steppe Front, consisting of rifle, 3 tank, 3 motorized and 3 cavalry corps (commanded by Colonel General Ivan Konev). The coordination of the actions of the fronts was carried out by representatives of the Headquarters Marshals of the Soviet Union Georgy Zhukov and Alexander Vasilevsky.
Slide no. 9
Slide no. 10
Slide description:
From Orel, a group under the command of Field Marshal Gunther Hans von Kluge (Army Group Center) was advancing, and from Belgorod, a group under the command of Field Marshal Erich von Manstein (Operational Group Kempf, Army Group South).
Slide no. 11
Slide description:
Slide no. 12
Slide description:
On July 12, in the area of the Prokhorovka railway station, 56 kilometers north of Belgorod, the largest oncoming tank battle of the Second World War took place - a battle between the advancing enemy tank group (Task Force Kempf) and the counterattacking Soviet troops. On both sides, up to 1,200 tanks and self-propelled guns took part in the battle.
Slide no. 13
Slide description:
Slide no. 14
Slide description:
On the same day, the troops of the Bryansk, Central and left wings of the Western Front began Operation Kutuzov, which had the goal of defeating the enemy’s Oryol group. On July 13, troops of the Western and Bryansk fronts broke through the enemy’s defenses in the Bolkhov, Khotynets and Oryol directions and advanced to a depth of 8 to 25 km.
Slide no. 15
Slide description:
In the following days, having introduced a reserve into the battle, the fascist German command sought to carry out the Fuhrer’s order at any cost and break through to Kursk. But the Soviet troops stood unshakably, heroically defending every inch of their native land. Having met staunch resistance from the 6th Tank (Major General A. L. Getman) and 3rd Mechanized (Major General S. M. Krivoshein) Corps of the 1st Tank Army, the 48th German Tank Corps of General of Tank Forces O. von Knobelsdorff in the afternoon of July 6 turned northeast in the direction of Luchka, where he occupied the defense of the 5th Guards Tank Corps (Lieutenant General A. G. Kravchenko) with the 156th Infantry Regiment.
Slide no. 16
Slide description:
The battle of Kursk, unparalleled in the ferocity and intensity of the struggle, ended in victory for the Red Army. The enemy's armored armadas crashed against the inaccessibility of the Soviet defense. The ambitious hopes of the fascist German command to seize the strategic initiative and change the course of the war in their favor collapsed. Hitler's strategists had to abandon offensive plans and hastily decide to switch to strategic defense. Thus, harsh reality refuted the enemy’s deeply erroneous ideas about the invincibility of the German army in the summer and forced him to take a more sober look at the real state of affairs.
Slide no. 17
Slide description:
The Soviet command, possessing the strategic initiative, dictated its will to the enemy. The breakdown of the Nazi offensive near Kursk created an advantageous situation for delivering a crushing retaliatory strike. This was facilitated by the fact that, simultaneously with measures to create a strong defense on the Kursk salient, Soviet troops were also preparing to launch a counter-offensive with the aim of defeating enemy strike forces in the Oryol and Belgorod-Kharkov directions.
Slide no. 18
Slide description:
The troops of the Western Front (Colonel General V.D. Sokolovsky) delivered the main blow with their left wing. They had to first, in cooperation with the troops of the Bryansk Front, encircle and destroy the Bolkhov enemy group, which was covering the main forces of the fascist German troops on the Oryol bridgehead from the north. Then, advancing south towards Khotynets, they were supposed to cut off the routes to the west for the Oryol enemy group and, together with the troops of the Bryansk and Central Fronts, defeat it.
Slide no. 19
Slide description:
The Bryansk Front (Colonel General M. M. Popov) delivered the main blow with its left wing in the general direction of Orel, and part of its forces advanced on Bolkhov. The troops of the Central Front received the task of striking with their right wing in the general direction of Kromy. Then, developing success in the north-west direction, they were supposed to cover the enemy’s Oryol group from the south-west and complete its defeat in cooperation with the Bryansk and Western fronts.
Slide no. 20
Slide description:
Thus, the idea of Operation Kutuzov was to cut through the enemy group and destroy it piece by piece with counter strikes from three fronts from the north, east and south in the general direction of Oryol. The concentration of troops, military equipment and all other preparatory measures were carried out by the fronts in advance. Particular attention was paid to the massing of forces and assets in the directions of the main attacks.
Slide no. 21
Slide description:
The need for this was determined by the fact that, attaching great importance to the Oryol bridgehead, the fascist German command, long before its attack on Kursk, created a strong defense in depth here with a widely developed system of field fortifications. Most settlements were prepared for all-round defense. A serious obstacle for the advancing Soviet troops was a large number of rivers, ravines and gullies. This made it difficult to use large tank forces and, therefore, complicated the task of developing tactical success into operational success. The fact that on the bridgehead the enemy had such a large junction of highways and railways as Oryol was also important for the development of events, which provided him with the possibility of wide operational maneuver in all directions. Thus, the Soviet troops on the Oryol bridgehead were opposed not only by a powerful enemy group, but also by a qualitatively new – positional – defense, which they encountered for the first time in the war.
Slide no. 22
Slide description:
Under these conditions, commanders and staffs had to solve the issues of troop echeloning and the use of tanks, artillery and aviation in many new ways. The main attention was focused on deep formation of battle formations and the creation of high operational densities. Thus, the 11th Guards Army, operating in the direction of the main attack of the Western Front, was supposed to advance in a 36 km zone. At the same time, its main forces and means were concentrated on a breakthrough area 14 km wide. And on the rest of the front there was only one rifle division defending.
Slide no. 23
Slide description:
the distribution of forces and their operational-tactical formation, as the army command reasonably believed, ensured a rapid build-up of efforts in breaking through the enemy’s tactical defense zone and the development of success in its operational depth, right up to reaching the Bolkhov area (depth 65 km). During the preparation of the operation, reconnaissance, organization of interaction, measures for operational camouflage and engineering support were carried out with great skill. The rear provided the troops with everything necessary to conduct a major offensive operation.
Slide no. 24
Slide description:
Breaking through the strong defenses on the Oryol bridgehead and defeating a powerful enemy group required the utmost effort and high military skill from the attacking troops. Political agencies and party organizations also faced new tasks. Having ensured the creation of insurmountable strength of the troops in defense, they now focused all their attention on creating a high offensive impulse among the personnel, mobilizing soldiers to quickly break through the enemy’s defenses and completely defeat the enemy.
Slide no. 25
Slide description:
Unlike the counteroffensive in the Oryol direction, the Belgorod-Kharkov offensive operation was planned and prepared during a defensive battle. The troops of the Voronezh and Steppe fronts, having reached the front line of the German defense on July 23, were not ready to conduct a major offensive operation.
Slide no. 26
Slide description:
Slide no. 27
Slide description:
By August 10, the enemy’s defenses in the Kharkov direction were finally cut into two parts. An almost 60-kilometer gap opened up between the 4th Panzer Army and the German Task Force Kempf. This created the conditions for the liberation of Kharkov and the development of an offensive in Left Bank Ukraine. In accordance with the plan approved by the Supreme Command Headquarters, the capture of Kharkov was supposed to be carried out by a concentric strike from several directions while simultaneously enveloping it deeply from the west.
Slide no. 28
Slide description:
On August 22, ground and air reconnaissance discovered the beginning of the withdrawal of enemy troops from Kharkov. “In order to prevent the enemy from escaping from the attacks,” Marshal of the Soviet Union I. S. Konev later wrote, “on the evening of August 22, I gave the order for a night assault on Kharkov. Throughout the night of August 23, there were street battles in the city, fires blazed, and strong explosions were heard. Warriors of the 531st, 69th, 7th Guards, 57th2 Armies and the 5th Guards Tank Army, showing courage and bravery, skillfully bypassed enemy strongholds, infiltrated their defenses, and attacked their garrisons from the rear. Step by step, Soviet soldiers cleared Kharkov from fascist invaders.” By dawn on August 23, the roar of the battle for the city began to gradually subside, and by noon Kharkov was completely cleared of the enemy. With the liberation of Kharkov and the Kharkov industrial region, Operation Commander Rumyantsev ended, and with it the Battle of Kursk.
Slide no. 29
Slide description:
The scope, intensity of the struggle and the results achieved place the Battle of Kursk among the largest battles not only of the Great Patriotic War, but also of the entire Second World War. For 50 days, two powerful groups of armed forces of the opposing sides waged a fierce struggle in a relatively small area. More than 4 million people, over 69 thousand guns and mortars, more than 13 thousand tanks and self-propelled (assault) guns, and up to 12 thousand aircraft took part in the battles, unprecedented in intensity, bitterness and tenacity, on both sides. On the part of the Nazi Wehrmacht, over 100 divisions were involved in the Battle of Kursk, which accounted for more than 43% of the divisions located on the Eastern Front. On the part of the Red Army, about 30% of its divisions were involved in the battle.
Slide description:
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Attention! Slide previews are for informational purposes only and may not represent all the features of the presentation. If you are interested in this work, please download the full version.
The purpose of the lesson:
Give students a general idea of the course of the Battle of Kursk.
Tasks:
- Educational: to form knowledge about the completion of the radical turning point in the Great Patriotic War. Introduce the main events of the Battle of Kursk, show the military art of the Soviet command, and reveal the heroism of Soviet soldiers. Explain the concept of “Kursk Bulge”. Determine the significance of the Battle of Kursk.
- Correctional and developmental: continue to develop the ability to establish the sequence of events, show on the map the places of historical events, territory, front line; maintain a conversation assessing a historical event.
- Educational: to cultivate feelings of patriotism and pride for one’s people. Why do people at all times honor heroes who defended the Fatherland?
Basic knowledge: July 1943 – Battle of Kursk; July 12, 1943 – tank battle near Prokhorovka; liberation of Soviet territories.
Basic concepts: radical change, coalition.
Lesson equipment:
- map "The Great Patriotic War".
- TSO, video film “Battle of Kursk”.
- Students' drawings about the war.
- Presentation "Battle of Kursk".
- Table "Main battles of the war."
Lesson type: learning new material.
During the classes
- Introductory speech by the teacher. Message of the topic, purpose of the lesson.
- Updating knowledge, announcing a new topic.
- Learning new material.
- Consolidation.
- Self-study task. Assessment of knowledge.
Screensaver of the presentation “Battle of Kursk” (Slide 1)
Teacher. We continue to study one of the most difficult periods in the history of our country - the Great Patriotic War. On February 2, 2013, the whole country celebrated the 70th anniversary of the Battle of Stalingrad, which marked the beginning of a radical change in the course of the war. (Vocabulary work is a radical change). The purpose of this lesson is to consider the completion of a radical change, get acquainted with the main events of the Battle of Kursk, compare it with Stalingrad, and determine the significance. Today at our lesson there is a participant in the Battle of Stalingrad and Kursk Andreev Pavel Alekseevich. During the lesson you need to fill out the following table:
"The Main Battles of the War"
The first part of the table is completed at the beginning of the lesson.
Teacher.(Working with a historical map. Slide 2). After Stalingrad, Hitler decided to take revenge, a “total” mobilization was carried out, German divisions from European countries were transferred to the Eastern Front (50 divisions in total). An offensive plan codenamed “Citadel” was developed. (Slide 3), where this offensive is given special significance. The offensive plan must be carried out quickly and with great penetrating force. In this regard, all preparations should be carried out with the greatest caution and energy. (Slide 4) In all main directions, use the best formations, the best weapons, the best commanders, and a large amount of ammunition. Every commander, every private must understand the decisive significance of this offensive.
The Germans used factors:
- Suddenness.
- Deliver a strike on a narrow section of the front, concentrating a huge amount of equipment.
- Rapidity.
Teacher. (Slide 5) The Soviet command was aware of the impending operation. It was decided to prepare for defense in strict secrecy, while sending disinformation to the Germans about an impending attack on another sector of the front. ( Slide 6) Soviet troops under the leadership of Marshals N.F. Vatutin and I.S. The horsemen began their offensive. (Video film “Battle of Kursk”).
Teacher. After watching the video about the Battle of Kursk, you must answer the questions by filling out the table. The questions are written on the board.
- What goal did the Germans set when planning the operation?
- What new technology did Germany and the Soviet Union have?
- What is the main battle of the Battle of Kursk?
(Conversation on 1-3 questions).
After the conversation, the table is filled out .
(PHYSMINUTE)
(Slide 7) The floor is given to war participant Pavel Alekseevich Andreev.
“The soldier lies covered with snow,
He died in a fierce battle.
The thought torments me latently
That I’m standing before him alive!”
(Slide 9, 10)…. The war only in pictures went off without a hitch. And there was a lot of confusion in life. Miscalculations by the military command and sometimes ridiculous orders for action led to the death of Soviet soldiers. The goal set by the Nazis - to capture the cities of Kursk, Orel, Belgorod - was thwarted by the courage, fortitude, fortitude and highest patriotism of the Soviet soldiers. He took part in the Stalingrad Front, then the Bryansk Front and other fronts... The summer this year was very hot, the heat and lack of water were very exhausting, and besides, we often had to change positions: at each new place we had to shovel mountains of earth for cannons. The battle of Prokhorovka was a nightmare. Everything around was burning and exploding, and in the sky there were still the same bombers …(Slide 11, 12)
War and harsh days of trials,
They are still alive in our memory;
There was such a battle here -
Everything was burning, earth and metal,
Here the fascist force learned
Who stood in her way as a wall!
About how we survived and won
Each of us knows.
Veteran's medal for grandchildren as a keepsake
I will leave it as a symbol of war,
Laws change - life goes on
In the name of a great country!
(The veteran finished the story with his poems).
(Slide 14). A student's story about a veteran of V.O.V. Troitskaya Zoya Alexandrovna (Kozlova)
Born on August 19, 1925 in Kamyshin into the family of a railway worker. She learned about labor practice early, working voluntarily on collective farm fields to harvest crops and drying grain at an elevator. I met the Great Patriotic War at the beginning of 10th grade. There was no need to attend training classes, since in November 1942 German troops approached Stalingrad. The Stalingrad Regional Party Committee, through a newspaper, appealed to Komsomol members to provide assistance to the Stalingrad Front. In November 1942, a meeting of all Kamysh residents took place in the city’s central park regarding voluntary conscription to the front. Then, for themselves, four girls - Valentina Ivanova, Zina Skomorokhova (Bulgakova), Rima Kanova (Polovtseva) from grade 10b decided to stand up for the defense of the state. We received military tunics and caps. At home, each conscript sewed a tunic for herself. On November 17, 1942, 1,200 people were loaded onto a barge near the historical museum and sent to Stalingrad. In Kapusny Yar, short courses for signalmen were held and on December 12, 1942, all the cadets were transferred across the ice to the barricades in Lyudnikov’s 138th Rifle Division. And then the battles for the Red October plant, the defense of the Embankment. On December 31, 1942, Soviet troops went on the offensive in the Stalingrad direction. On February 1, 1943, Stalingrad residents celebrated Victory Day. The reward found her a little later. Zoya Alexandrovna was awarded a medal for the “Defense of Stalingrad.” Further the military route lay to Kursk. Here Hitler decided to take revenge for the lost war at Stalingrad and threw fresh forces and new military equipment at Kursk, Orel and Belgorod. It was scary to retreat at Stalingrad at the beginning of the war, and only then, when the Germans were driven away, I was overcome by excitement and the desire to quickly expel the enemy from my native land. There were fierce battles on the Kursk Bulge. The losses were noticeable in manpower, not to mention military equipment. My friend Masha Syrovatko (telephone operator) died. For the Battle of Kursk she received the medal “For Military Merit”. And ahead of us the road lay to the Dnieper and Czechoslovakia. There the soldiers were surrounded. The regiment commander could not risk the young girls and asked them to return home. Yes, war does not have a feminine face. In 1946, the girls returned to 10th grade. Zoya Alexandrovna graduated from school and entered the Leningrad Polytechnic Institute. She has always been cheerful by nature and continues to be positive to this day. She participated in all institute events and was the first ringleader in holiday competitions. After graduating from the institute, Zoya Aleksandrovna came to work in Kamyshin and went to work at a crane factory, where she worked until her retirement. Has three daughters: Irina (lives in Moscow), Svetlana (lives near Moscow) and Galina lives in Kamyshin. The husband died in 2009. Has 4 adult grandchildren. All of them have higher education. Awards: Medals “For Courage”, “For Military Merit”, “Defense of Stalingrad”, “For the Liberation of Berlin”. Order of the Great Patriotic War, II degree.
Teacher. After the victory, the Soviet army went on the offensive. On August 5, Belgorod and Orel were liberated. ( Slide 14) The first victorious salute in the history of the Second World War was fired in Moscow. In a short time, Kharkov, Donbass, Bryansk, and Smolensk were liberated.
The meaning of the Battle of Kursk.
- The Battle of Kursk completed a fundamental turning point in the Second World War in favor of the USSR. The Soviet command secured the strategic initiative in the war.
- The victorious outcome of the Battle of Kursk accelerated the collapse of the Hitler bloc. Italy's exit from the war was imminent, the authority of the fascist leadership in Romania and Hungary was shaken, Germany's isolation increased, the dictator of Spain Franco recalled his Blue Division from the Soviet-German front.
- As a result of the defeat of fascist troops near Kursk, the resistance movement intensified in European countries.
Teacher. Prokhorovskoye Field is called the third field of Russian glory: here the fatal blow was dealt to the Nazi invaders. Prokhorovskoe field occupies a special place in our history . (Slide 15-16)
(Slide 17) Based on the decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated April 26, 1995. In the regional center of Prokhorovka, the state Military Historical Museum-Reserve “Prokhorovskoe Field” was created.
Consolidation. (Test).
The largest tank battle took place under:
A) Prokhorovka
B) Kursk
B) Stalingrad
Remove the excess. The leadership of the Battle of Kursk was carried out by:
A) Zhukov
B) Konev
B) Vatutin
Read the text and indicate what military event we are talking about.
“I had the opportunity to witness this truly titanic duel of two steel armadas (up to 1200 tanks and self-propelled artillery units) on July 12, 1943.”
A) Battle of Kursk
B) Battle of Moscow
B) Battle of Stalingrad
Remove the excess. All except one belong to German military equipment:
A) "Tiger"
B) "Ferdinand"
B) "Panther"
D) "Katyusha"
The Battle of Kursk took place under the code name:
A) "Typhoon"
B) "Uranus"
B) "Citadel"
(Slide 18) Summing up the lesson. Congratulations to the veteran and presentation of memorable gifts from children.
Homework: choose stories about the heroes of the Battle of Kursk.
Prepared by: teacher
MADOU d/s No. 87 “Ship”
Chernousova Lidiya Vasilievna
Prepared by:
teacher of MADOU d/s No. 87 “Ship”
Chernousova L.V. .
Prokhorovsk tank battle
There are many glorious military pages in the history of the Belgorod land. But our ancient land has never known a year like 1943. A terrible and victorious year, when the news of the Battle of the Kursk Arc of Fire spread throughout the world.
Fierce fighting on the Arc of Fire decided the outcome of the largest operation of the war.
The victory at the Arc of Fire was celebrated with fireworks. The first in the entire history of the war.
Many hundreds of kilometers still separated our soldiers from Germany, but our command already knew: having won at Belgorod, the Russian people had won the war.
Tank battle on the Kursk Bulge
The world has never known such a battle!
Hundreds of tanks fought among the plains
The blue sky became dark -
He was covered in heavy smoke
Everything was torn, blazing, roaring
The battle intensified
It seems that Mother Earth was groaning
And she felt sorry for her sons.
Gathering his might into a huge fist,
The people crushed the invaders.
This battle was a turning point
Changing the wars is a great move
Since then, the horde of fascists was driven
Strong fearless fighters.
And they defended their native land
Russian soldiers are great!
The words of the order sounded solemnly. Today, August 5, at 24 o'clock, the capital of our Motherland, Moscow, will salute our valiant troops who liberated Orel and Belgorod with 12 artillery salvoes from 120 guns. From that day on, this fireworks display became an annual event.
This was done in honor of the courage of the Soviet troops who continued the offensive. From then on Belgorod will be called “the city of the first fireworks”.
