By looking at the face you can not only get an idea of the person who is standing in front of you, but also find out his past and predict the future. Once upon a time, the art of reading faces - physiognomy - was called a pseudoscience, but now hardly anyone will deny that there is some truth in it, and a considerable amount.
What can his face tell about a person? Almost everything! Let's start with shape: chubby people can easily adapt to any environment, they are energetic and easily overcome both personal and financial difficulties. A square face reveals a strong and determined person with a keen sense of justice. Such people are born leaders. A man with a thin, elongated face goes to success, overcoming difficulties; many things are not easy for him, but this does not detract from his kindness. An oval face speaks of prudence and calmness. We can see large facial features in self-sufficient, successful people.
Complexion can also say a lot, but this is more about medicine than physiognomy. Every doctor can determine the general state of health by the color of the skin on the face. An unhealthy blush will indicate high blood pressure, and a sallow skin tone will indicate problems with digestion. Pallor is a consequence of a lack of hemoglobin in the blood or anemia, blueness is due to oxygen starvation, yellowness is a result of problems with the liver or spleen.
By the dark circles under the eyes, we recognize an overworked person; this area is also responsible for fertility. If the skin around the eyes is light and elastic, there will be many children, and the person will have excellent relationships with them.
Now let's move on to the parts of the face.
Forehead:
A high, convex, wide forehead is a sign of a bright mind and sociability, but the owner of a sloping or narrow forehead is unlikely to occupy a high position in society.
Ears:
We rarely try to find out about a person by his ears - but in vain. Ears, the top of which is located above the eyebrow line, are a sign of intelligence and ambition. Pinned ears indicate authoritative people. Those with large, fleshy ears tend to live in abundance. And people with pointed ears, like those of bats, often do not have the strength to resist their instincts.
Cheekbones:
High, prominent cheekbones will indicate that this is a fighter who can achieve a lot. If a person lives a measured, quiet life and is not in a hurry, he has low cheekbones. He is unlikely to make a leader.
Nose:
The nose - what is not measured by its size and shape! The face of a good-natured optimist and an honest person is decorated with a large straight nose, while a pessimist is awarded a small nose. If this part of the face is naturally curved, you have a person with a complex character. But it’s better not to quarrel with the owner of a hooked nose.
Lips:
Thin lips speak of purposefulness, determination and composure, which are often accompanied by cruelty. On the contrary, it will be easy with a person who has full lips. He is friendly and honest, although simple-minded, and his life is filled with positive emotions.
Chin:
A wide, full chin portends a comfortable old age, a square and protruding chin is evidence of great willpower. A chin with a dimple or a cleft is a sign of a passionate nature, while a sloping or pointed chin promises problems in life.
Brows:
Wide, thick eyebrows adorn bold, straight people of strong sexual constitution. But their owners often suffer from dictatorial habits. Those with thin eyebrows are much more modest, they are secretive and often get sick. If the eyebrows bend upward, the person in front of you is friendly and a little capricious; high eyebrows are a sign of generosity. And bushy eyebrows are called devilish - their bearer can be obsessed with various obsessions. Fusing eyebrows express confusion and a jealous character. Such a person most likely had a difficult childhood.
Eyes:
Eyes are the most important part of the face. Large eyes indicate artistic talent, a broad soul, and also an inability to manage money. People with small eyes are usually extremely cautious and calculating. The owner of bulging eyes easily gets carried away and loves to play pranks on his friends. Close-set eyes indicate seriousness, even withdrawal; wide-set eyes indicate naivety and gullibility. And yet, the expression of the eyes can say much more about a person than their shape.
The science of reading faces is very deep - to master it well, you need to read more than one book, study hundreds of faces. You cannot draw conclusions about a person by analyzing only his nose or mouth. If you come to sad conclusions after looking at the faces of your loved ones and your own in a new way, don’t be upset! Physiognomy does not make diagnoses - it indicates the direction in which you need to work on yourself. And remember that there are always exceptions to the rules.
Introduction
People have been practicing fortune telling since ancient times. Perhaps some skeptical readers, picking up this book, will say that in our high-tech age, fortune telling is quackery. But fortune telling is different from fortune telling. I do not encourage you to communicate with newly minted sorcerers or white witches, I do not suggest learning to read coffee grounds and runes, analyze the mysterious lines of your hands, or purchase Tarot cards. I invite you to join the art, which in ancient times was considered a magical practice, and in the twentieth century received scientific justification. This art is called "face reading".
Oddly enough, we practice it every day, only with varying degrees of skill. Tell me, aren’t manifestations of such emotions as tenderness, joy, fear or anger obvious to you? But the ability to recognize emotions on a person’s face is only a small component of the ancient art. Our faces reflect more than just our moods. Upon deeper analysis, it becomes clear that external appearance contains information about character, inclinations, sexuality, health, ability to earn money, and even how many years we are destined to live.
The practice of face reading was first developed in ancient China. Many centuries ago, doctors and pundits began to write down information in treatises about how the characteristic features of a person’s face influence various aspects of his life. This is how a profession appeared, which is now increasingly used (by the way, not only in the East, but also in the West) in economics, politics, and even in drawing up marriage contracts. For example, in America it is no longer surprising that many large corporations, when concluding very profitable deals, invite specialists who are fluent in face reading methods to participate. The same applies to the issue of personnel selection. To solve this problem, companies use the advice of professional consultants who help, from a large number of applicants for a particular job, select effective, and most importantly, mentally stable people who are able to work in a team (according to statistical surveys, it is precisely well-built relationships in a team that contribute to effective creative work ).
If you are still in doubt about why you should spend time mastering the technique of face reading, then the advantages listed below will hopefully convince even the most persistent skeptics:
– knowledge of new and useful information about family and friends;
– the ability to accurately assess the behavior of people around you and the psychological situation in positive and negative situations, adjusting your behavior if necessary;
– choose the right business partners;
– conclude profitable deals by participating in tough negotiations;
– avoid pitfalls when communicating with competitors;
– manage staff effectively and efficiently;
– present yourself correctly when applying for a financially profitable job (especially if there are a lot of applicants for the position);
– build harmonious relationships in love and marriage;
– understand what motivates other people and “read” them like an open book;
– create a pleasant first impression when making acquaintances (not only personal, but also business).
And many many others.
And the last thing: every person can read faces, regardless of whether he was trained in it or not. You don't even need to make significant efforts in this direction. You just need to develop your innate abilities and you will become the owner of unique knowledge that you can use to your great benefit. And if you consider that one session with a specialist who can read faces costs more than a thousand rubles, then you may have a desire to learn a new profession that allows you to earn good money.
Analyzing facial types
In total, oddly enough, there are only three types of faces: round, triangular and square.
Round face
This type of face is generally very proportional. A person with this type has full cheeks, a large mouth, a slightly narrow forehead, full lips and a wide nose. The psychological characteristics of women with this type of face are as follows: friendly, sociable, very fond of being in public, enthusiastic in any endeavor. The characteristics of men are as follows: they like to feel like playboys, but they are active, well organized, very practical, have an excellent sense of the situation, know how to adapt to various circumstances and, naturally, love to eat deliciously.
Triangular face
Analysis shows that this type of face prevails among many great people involved in music, literary activity and philosophy (for example, remember the face of Pythagoras or Tchaikovsky). As a rule, people of this type are very shy, intellectual and dreamy; if the facial features are irregular, then the person has a cruel character.
The general characteristics are as follows: a high but narrow forehead, a fairly sharp chin, disproportionate sides of the face, and also very mobile, large and protruding ears.
Square face
Many famous politicians have a square face type. It is found mainly in men who have strong-willed qualities, are self-confident, practical and have leadership talent, skillfully influencing or manipulating people.
The general characteristics are as follows: a wide but low forehead, a wide nose, a square chin, as well as the shape of the head, large ears, but overall the face has a proportional shape.
What secrets does a person hide on his forehead?
Low and wide forehead
A person with this forehead shape is extremely shy, which prevents him from realizing his creative abilities. But patience and perseverance in business largely contribute to the success of such people. They are also characterized by observation and a sharp, extraordinary intellect.
High and wide forehead
Analysis of the external appearance of people with this forehead shape shows that this is a sign of intelligence and strength. This is also a characteristic feature of thinking and observant people who tend to analyze everything in their lives. Especially men with this type achieve success in any endeavor. Unique sociable qualities contribute to the fact that the people around such a man are very friendly towards him, never refuse help, and help create favorable opportunities for his career growth.
Low and narrow forehead
People with this forehead shape can achieve significant success in politics, as they are dexterous, smart, but often cruel, dishonest, unscrupulous and have low intelligence.
High and narrow forehead
It is believed that a person with such a forehead has an extraordinary mind, but is indifferent to the people around him. As a rule, it is a characteristic feature of scientists.
Blemishes on the forehead
The presence of scars or other flaws on the forehead (and very close to the center line) is characteristic of a person with a difficult life. This is due to the fact that, according to Chinese medicine, the area between the eyes is the center of vital energy qi - and any defects in this place entail negative consequences for everyone with whom the owner of this type of forehead communicates (in other words, we can talk about misfortunes in life ). If we talk about moles on the forehead, then analysis shows that a woman who has one can expect an unhappy marriage. A mole on the eyebrow is a symbol of good luck, especially in financial matters.
A mole located between the eyes indicates that both men and women are calm and serious people.
Disproportional forehead shape
In many ways, this shape depends on the hairstyle, that is, there is more hair on one side than on the other. If you do not want to have a state of emotional instability, it is better to change your hairstyle - make the hairline even.
Women with this type of forehead are considered adventurers, charlatans with a lack of moral principles. But, as mentioned above, if you do not want such a look to leave an imprint on your destiny, then try to hide the flaw with another hairstyle. And most importantly: children with this forehead shape tend to have criminal tendencies.
Change in skin color on the forehead
According to Chinese studies, if negative changes occur in your life, then the forehead reflects everything that happens to you, that is, the color of the skin in this area changes (it darkens, has an unhealthy appearance). You should reconsider your actions or relationships with people who can have a strong impact on your life.
Improved skin color (forehead is clear and clean) indicates that positive changes should be expected in life. Beware of communicating with such people.
Forehead shapes and psychological portraits of people
Bulging bones above the eyes
This type of forehead includes very aggressive men and eccentric, irresponsible women. In the East, they believe that such people had a difficult childhood, which can leave a negative imprint for the rest of their lives. If you want to get rid of such a shortcoming, control your behavior by analyzing the attitude of the people around you. Otherwise, negative traits will worsen with age.
Money zone
To understand how financially independent a person is, it is enough to pay attention to the area near the nose, above the inner corner of the eyelid. It is believed that this particular place indicates a person’s ability to make money. If the bone in this area of the forehead protrudes too much, the person is unlikely to be rich.
The presence of defects and scars also indicates problems with money or the likelihood of losing it. A change in skin color indicates that financial problems await a person in the future, but if, on the contrary, the color changes for the better, this means that good luck awaits the person in financial matters.
Friendship Zone
If you want to make sure of the true friendship of a person you have known for a long time, pay attention to his forehead. If the area of the forehead directly above the eyebrows takes on a dark tint, then this fact indicates a deterioration in the relationship and possible negative consequences for you. Moreover, the darker the skin, the more serious the problem. Subtle changes in color indicate possible minor disagreements, the resolution of which will depend on your actions.
Life and Death Zone
One of the most important zones for a person - life and death - is located between the eyebrows. In the East, they believe that human vital energy (qi) is concentrated in this place; sometimes this area is also called the “third eye.”
A natural convexity of the forehead with clear skin clearly indicates that a person has a large supply of vital energy. Men with this forehead shape are independent, prefer solitude, are responsible, hardworking, and occupy important positions in society. Men with a flat, almost smooth forehead have similar qualities. In a woman, this trait indicates a sharp mind, wonderful character, and friendliness, which attracts men to her and allows her to build harmonious relationships with them. But any flaws in this area are considered a serious shortcoming, depriving a person of the opportunity to realize his abilities. If a woman has a mole in this part of her forehead, it should be removed; otherwise failures will follow one after another.
Creativity Zone
If you look closely at people with a creative nature: musicians, singers, artists, actors and writers, you can find one common feature - their hair frames their forehead in the shape of the letter “M”. People with such a forehead, although very emotional, each succeed perfectly in their profession. They are often very responsive people.
Zone indicating practicality
In general, a square forehead is more common in men than in women. Such men achieve success early, are practical, very hardworking, are mainly engaged in science and business, and are also required in those areas where they can apply their best qualities.
Women with square foreheads have problems communicating with people due to their aggressive nature. I recommend hiding your shortcomings with your hair and treating people more gently.
What do wrinkles on the forehead mean?
One horizontal wrinkle
One long horizontal wrinkle located below the center line of the forehead (this is especially typical for people with a narrow forehead) indicates signs of high intelligence, a sharp mind, hard work, the ability to adapt to circumstances and achieve goals in any field of activity. Negative character traits include greed, but, as mentioned earlier, everything is in your hands and depends on your behavior and actions.
Two horizontal wrinkles
In the East, they believe that two long wrinkles are responsible for the most important aspects of human life: health, relationships and success.
If the lower wrinkle is longer and deeper than the upper one, then the person, as a rule, has problems in relationships with family and friends. If the lower wrinkle is long and deep, and the upper one is very pronounced, then the person has great support from family, friends and society, which is good for a political career.
Three horizontal wrinkles
They mean success in life and are a sign of excellent memory, concentration and thinking. Deep wrinkles are a sign of problems experienced in the past or hard work.
Many round wrinkles
Such wrinkles are more common in men than in women, and are a sign of not very high intelligence and simplicity. But positive character traits include loyalty to friends, hard work, and corporate involvement in the interests of a common cause.
Lots of wavy wrinkles
The owners of such wrinkles are more likely to be men than women. Lacking any talents, they cannot realize themselves until the age of 50, but then their lives, as a rule, improve.
Lots of small wrinkles
About such people we can only say the following: it is necessary to monitor their health, both physical and mental, because the lack of vital energy prevents them from realizing their abilities and living life to the fullest. I would also advise you not to waste your energy on various things, but, by concentrating, achieve success in one field.
Absence or minor expression wrinkles
The absence of wrinkles or their slight presence is an excellent factor that allows people even at the age of 50–60 to look young, which, in turn, has a beneficial effect in both personal and professional activities. The downside here is that such people under forty are rarely taken seriously because of their youthful appearance. They find it difficult to realize themselves or achieve success. But after forty, creative potential begins to develop rapidly and be fully realized.
Bird wings
This type of wrinkle is found in both geniuses and intellectually limited men. They are not the best husbands; they are not interested in money and everyday problems. More often than not, such men are loners and unsociable.
Vertical wrinkles
First type
One wrinkle located vertically between the eyebrows indicates a strong, stubborn and very strong-willed person who knows how not to give in to difficulties and achieve his goal by any means. But success in business is the result of perseverance rather than talent and intelligence. Men and women with such a wrinkle are cold natures, their marriage is more of a formal nature, since sex is not particularly interesting to them.
Second type
Two horizontal wrinkles indicate an exaggerated sense of justice, which often adds problems to their owner in life.
Women (and there are many owners of this trait) are very jealous, often fight for equality within their families, are possessive towards their husbands, and always come up with problems for themselves.
Men with two horizontal wrinkles are kind, gentle and caring husbands - however, they are like that in relation to other representatives of the “weaker sex”.
Third type
Horizontal wrinkles located between the eyebrows at angles to the right and left indicate the quarrelsome nature of their owner, who, in a fit of anger, can do stupid things. Men of this type are infantile and cannot grow up. As before, I advise you to learn to control your emotions.
Fourth type
Men who have not even a vertical wrinkle, but a stripe two and a half centimeters wide, running from the eyebrows to the hairline, are very successful people both in financial and social life. Possessing an abundance of mental and physical strength, they are popular with others and therefore have great opportunities to realize their inner qualities and creative potential.
Geometric forehead shapes
Round type
A rounded forehead type is most often found in women and brings some problems to their owners (either divorce or the death of a husband). I advise you to gain financial independence as a safety net against problems.
Men with a rounded forehead, on the contrary, are lucky in all aspects of life, the only thing is that they lack perseverance in achieving their goals.
Forehead in the shape of two semi-ovals
A forehead in the shape of two semi-ovals is more often characteristic of women. These are feminine, gentle creatures, they are highly susceptible to male attention, they are amorous, but usually they devote all their care and love to home and family.
Men with this type of forehead are rare.
Convex forehead
Both men and women with convex foreheads are excellent businessmen (bankers, financiers). Possessing superbly developed communication skills, they both love and know how to communicate, especially in public or with clients. Their positive qualities: independence, ingenuity, talent, sharp mind, ability to take advantage of the moment, the ability to adapt to both circumstances and the interlocutor. The negative ones include complete indifference to starting a family; they will not devote their time to everyday problems or home (this is typical when married spouses with convex foreheads).
Sunken forehead
A sunken forehead is a characteristic feature of many people and is quite common. Particularly noticeable, it influences the life of the person who possesses it. It’s not often, but it still happens that such people are deprived of intelligence and talents.
Many famous politicians or people of creative professions have a sunken forehead, but the presence of wrinkles compensates for negative features, being signs of hard work and perseverance in achieving goals. The presence of many small wrinkles on the sunken forehead means the ability to earn a lot of money.
Forehead with high brow bones
A characteristic feature of many men, one might even add – aggressive ones. Men with such a forehead not only actively and energetically go ahead through life, but also believe that only strength matters in business and in life.
Much of the above also applies to women with high eyebrows.
Both men and women with low brows are the complete opposite in personality traits of people with high brows.
Eyes are the mirror of the soul
Our eyes - their shape, color, clarity of vision and location - are capable of providing the most complete information about a person: about his character, preferences and inclinations, creative abilities and even about his fate.
In the East, it is believed that the eyes are the most important part of the face, and that they control other organs located here, including the nose, which is called the “emperor” of the face. When analyzing a person’s appearance, the area around the eyes is usually taken as a starting point. This is because the eyes are the only organ of our face that does not change throughout our lives, while the ears, nose, mouth, and hairline experience signs of aging or changes in growth.
Clarity of vision
You've probably noticed that some people's eyes shine and glow, while others' eyes are dull, or, as they say: “He has a dull look.” The sparkle in the eyes can add charm and sexuality to a woman even with an ugly appearance. Usually, clarity in vision appears when harmony reigns in a person’s soul, when he is in a good mood, when he is not burdened by any problems. In the East, a person’s character is judged primarily by the sparkle in his eyes, and it doesn’t matter what color, shape or size they are.
Harmonious eye placement
Before considering the many characteristics of the eyes, we should consider their location on the face. The harmonious relationship of the eyes always attracts attention, leaving only a good impression of the person. But you almost never see such ideal eyes in nature, and various imbalances can always be compensated for either by makeup or character traits (for example, a sense of humor).
Eyes that vary in size
Sometimes a person can have eyes that vary in size and shape.
Women with such eyes are usually very sexy and popular with members of the opposite sex, as they know how to please a man. If the difference between the eyes is too great, then it will not be difficult for a woman to correct this defect with makeup.
Men with such eyes are sociable, ambitious, incredibly lucky and quite successful in finance.
Small eyes
Such eyes are found mainly in artistic people. If strength and inner spirit are felt in the gaze of a person with small eyes, then their owner is an extraordinary person, but he is not always able to agree with other people’s opinions and adapt to others. Rarely achieving success in their youth, they later realize themselves through hard work, colossal willpower and diligence. The chances of a good career will increase if the owner of small eyes receives a good education.
Large eyes
Large eyes (both in women and men) have always attracted and attract attention. It is easier for people with such eyes to go through life. Men with very large eyes are emotional, artistic, they can even be figuratively called “warriors” or “knights.” As a rule, they are energetic, act and think radically, but they do not always have the stamina due to their susceptibility to frequent mood swings.
Girls, young women and women with large eyes, especially those with intelligence, often use their appearance in communicating with others, which allows them to easily achieve personal goals. Such representatives of the fairer sex always have higher chances in everything (be it a happy marriage, career, creativity, self-realization in society) than girls or women with smaller eyes. As a rule, these are sensual, sensitive and artistic natures, such people can be found in show business or cinema.
Getting used to worship, women with large eyes often encounter problems - it is difficult for them to build harmonious relationships with men. The independence of such women frightens men. But with proper control of their behavior, they are able to enter into very happy marriages.
Fish eyes
This is the name for bulging eyes, which come in two types: the first type is distinguished by strongly protruding eyeballs and a very thin upper eyelid; the second type is distinguished by slightly bulging eyeballs and a thick (or swollen) upper eyelid.
Men of the first type are insightful, intelligent, but often timid, and often have problems communicating with women, because they are confident that they have power over them.
On the contrary, women of the first type get along well with men, entering into happy marriages.
Men of the second type are energetic, ambitious, and careerists. Deciding to create their own business so as not to work for others, they devote all their time to work and achieve financial success. These traits can also characterize women of the second type.
Eyes far apart
People with such eyes are often impatient and suffer from a lack of great intelligence, being narrow-minded and prone to “lag behind”, they often get into trouble due to the fact that they do not know how to understand people at all. But if they are busy with monotonous or simple work, they are excellent performers.
Eyes close to each other
Men with such eyes are often fickle and cannot stay in one place for a long time, that is, they tend to change professions.
Women, as a rule, are jealous and conflictual, especially if something doesn’t work out for them. But such women are distinguished by their ability to understand people well, predicting their actions.
"Empty" expression in the eyes
Lacking a sharp mind, people with an “empty” look in their eyes still achieve success in life through their perseverance and many years of work. Mostly women have this look. They are rarely interested in men and therefore pay little attention to their appearance. If they choose life partners, they are much older than themselves or unattractive, and also not inclined to communicate. But having a little talent for drawing, they can become famous artists (writers).
In this case, it is very useful to remember that a strong will and spirit can turn any disadvantages into advantages.
Languishing eyes
This type of eyes (not to be confused with natural moisture or tears) indicates a romantic, addicted, passionate nature, or a secret romance that a person hides from his loved ones.
Eyes with large pupils
According to the Eastern art of face reading, the larger a person's pupils, the better: this is a sign of kindness, gentleness, good character and intelligence in a person. Both men and women with such eyes are excellent friends, marriage and business partners, because they take to heart all the problems and desires of the people around them, they happily meet everyone halfway, they are modest, sincere, reliable and loyal.
Eyes with small pupils
People with such eyes are the complete opposite of the previous type. Analyzes of numerous individuals carried out by Chinese physiognomists since ancient times show that nature has endowed people with small pupils with many negative character traits. Possessing a pleasant appearance, both men and women of this type subconsciously feel the desire to cause problems for others. They are touchy, irritable and overly selfish. But if you are the owner of eyes with small pupils, do not be upset, try to analyze your negative character traits, each of us has a lot of both positive and negative (yin and yang), we differ from animals in that we have intelligence, we can change for the better.
"Killer" eyes
As the name suggests, fanatics, murderers, and dictators have this type of eyes (the pupils are almost hidden under the upper eyelid, exposing the excess white space). Of course, not all people of this type are killers, but they are often potentially dangerous. They are aggressive, cruel, always obsessed with the desire to move forward - to victory, regardless of the people around them, that is, to victory at any cost.
Women with “killer” eyes are almost never seen.
Eyes with rounded corners
This type of people have all the positive qualities: they are called the life of the party, they are modest, kind, gentle, honest, loyal friends and wonderful family men.
Eyes with sharp corners
Such eyes are not uncommon in nature, but people with eyes that have pointed corners are the exact opposite of the previous type. This trait is evidence of selfishness and indifference towards other people. Due to their entrepreneurial spirit, such people are often financially prosperous, but due to their bad character, it is difficult for them to earn, much less keep, large sums of money. Having grasped the heights of knowledge, these people try to appear smart. As mentioned above, do not despair if you see eyes with sharp corners in the mirror image: analyzing your behavior and character will help you change.
Eyes with upturned corners
Chinese physiognomists interpret this type depending on gender. Men with such eyes are devoted to one woman, creatively gifted and successful. Women, on the other hand, are either cold or jealous.
Eyes with downturned corners
Eyes of this type are interpreted depending on age: in adults, downturned corners are a sign of greed; in children, such eyes give a friendly appearance and evoke tenderness in adults.
Halo near the inner corner of the eyes
This halo is often interpreted as a symbol of sexuality.
Eyes with droopy eyelids
If the eyelids droop at the inner corners of the eyes, then it is believed that such a person, although successful in business, is callous, calculating and has problems communicating with others.
Raised upper eyelids
This trait is inherent in a person of great creative ability (music, painting, literature), easy to communicate, non-mercantile and sincere. A person's character will change only if he fails to realize his natural talent.
Flattened upper eyelids
In the East, this trait is interpreted ambiguously. For women, eyes with upper eyelids flattened in the middle promise a successful career in business; they can become owners of their own firms or companies. Men are also usually successful businessmen due to their cool judgment, insight and honesty.
Eyes with upper eyelids raised at the outer corners
A person with such eyes is a strong personality, but a romantic. He easily conquers women and any heights in business, having success in all matters. This happens not only due to their attractive appearance, but also due to their internal virtues.
Women with this type of eyes are different: sometimes they are stubborn egoists who use their sexual attractiveness to manipulate men; if they have intelligence, they can succeed in any aspect of life, especially in business; if they are not smart enough, then, on the contrary, men manipulate them.
Eyes with drooping upper eyelids at the outer corners
In the East, such eyes are a sign of a weak-willed and weak-willed person, always falling under someone’s influence. Their passivity and irresponsibility can lead to financial problems or connections with criminally minded people.
Eyes with thin, drooping lower eyelids
According to Chinese analysis, such eyes have positive personalities with a pleasant disposition, tactful, gentle and benevolent.
Women love men with such eyes. As for women, they are happy in marriage, they love their work, and it comes easily to them; such women are wonderful mothers.
Feminine eyes
The area of the lower eyelids, according to tradition, is considered a female characteristic. If the lower eyelids are thin and sag at the inner corners of the eyes, then women with such eyes rarely experience a feeling of love, they are cold and do not know how to enjoy life. They are unhappy in marriage because they cannot create an atmosphere of love for either their husband or their children. In Japan, such eyes are called “the eyes of an unhappy woman.”
Now it is fashionable to talk about physiognomy, but did you know that the roots of this science go back to the ancient world? So, in Asia it was an integral part of Confucianism, and the ancient Greeks heard about it. Let us also get acquainted with the general aspects.
Physiognomy - shape and color of eyes, eyelids in men and women: examples with descriptions, photos
Big Eyes people, as a rule, have all the makings of a leader. There is a lot for this - courage, will, emotional sensitivity.
IMPORTANT: However, keep in mind that such people are more predisposed to making short-term decisions. Far-reaching plans do not always work out for them.
Small eyes they often say that in front of you is a person closed, from time to time gloomy, not deprived stubbornness And complacency. However, such people are different constancy.
Elongated eyes, the upper corners of which look up - sophistication nature. Wherein men can boast of determination, and women characterized by unreasonable behavior.
Men with narrow eyes, the upper corners of which are raised up - natures, according to physiognomy, are decisive 
Narrow eyes, according to physiognomy, are a sign of a refined nature If the eyes are located on the same line- this is a good sign.
Eyes located on the same line are a good sign in physiognomy Close-set eyes are a signal that a person is attracted to something narrowly focused.
IMPORTANT: Such a person gives all his strength to the chosen direction.
According to physiognomy, close-set eyes are a sign of narrow focus Eyelids also play an important role in physiognomy. For example, pronounced upper talk about maturity or fatigue, and lower- about a stormy life.
Let's talk about eye color:
Light brown eyes in physiognomy - prudence 
Gray eyes, according to physiognomy, are inquisitive people 
Physiognomy: shape of the nose, nostrils in men and women
So-called "Roman nose" is a business card leader with an analytical mind. Moreover, the more such a trait is expressed, the more often its owner “sticks price tags” on surrounding things.
Holders direct noses can boast strength of character, clear mind, enviable organizational abilities. Aesthetic perception is at its best.
IMPORTANT: Such a person copes equally well with both the responsibilities of a manager and the work of a subordinate.
Jude Law is a good example of the fact that people with straight noses, according to physiognomy, gravitate towards art Hooked the nose is characteristic of skeptics, for whom it is completely natural to ask a hundred questions and criticize everything in the world. However, behind this quality lies vulnerable nature.
Snub the nose is inherent gullible And responsive personalities. Their naivety is often childish, and faith does not dry up in people, despite various troubles. Emotions have a huge impact on behavior.
"Potato Nose" extremely curious of people. Moreover, the larger it is, the more curious a person is.
A little about the nostrils:
Physiognomy: shape of the mouth, upper and lower lips in men and women
It is believed that the mouth women should ideally be distinguished by soft lines and small size, and men– rigidity of outlines.
IMPORTANT: If everything is the other way around, it means that the owner of the mouth has character traits of the opposite sex.
If, when compressed, the lips appear thin straight line, then this is a sure sign of dominance thoughtfulness, systematicity in actions and scrupulosity. Pettiness should not be excluded either.
Thoughtfulness is a character trait in people with a straight mouth according to physiognomy. Upper lip thickness shows us how human loves to talk– and the thicker it is, the more pleasure a person does it. At the same time, the story is often replete with a lot of colorful details.
Lower the lip shows to what extent its owner generous. People with a full lower lip are in every sense ready to give more than is sometimes required of them. They willingly make concessions.
IMPORTANT: True, there is a certain danger - often such individuals put more on their shoulders than they can bear.
Of course, it also plays a role direction of corners mouth: omitted signal pessimism, and raised– about optimism.
Raised corners of the mouth in physiognomy are a characteristic feature of optimists 
Physiognomy interprets drooping corners of the mouth as a predisposition to pessimism. Physiognomy: head shape in men and women
Egg-shaped the head is a characteristic feature intellectuals. At the same time, an intellectual may well be windy.
An egg-shaped head is a physiognomic sign of high intelligence development Square the form is a business card solid nature who loves to indulge reflections and to which can rely.
IMPORTANT: It is believed that the wider the head, the more friendly a person can be.
A square head in physiognomy is an indicator of a person’s reliability 
Pay attention to the width of the head - physiognomy correlates the level of friendliness with this indicator Roundheads People soft, kind, peaceful and completely devoid of ambition. They permanent in your own interests and love comfort.
A man with a head shape resembling rhombus, Always decisive And assertive On him can rely, although sometimes you have to reckon with stubbornness, rigidity.
High crown characteristic of people who know how to go to success. They active And purposeful.
Not as pronounced crown will tell others about what a person can do at times indecisive.
Physiognomy: face shape in men and women
Square face is unshakable confidence in your actions and thoughts. The big advantage is that a person is not only confident in something, but also has strength to achieve goals. Not the shy type.
IMPORTANT: It is extremely difficult to come to an agreement with such individuals.
Round – soft tender nature. As a rule, the real ones gourmets, who not only love to eat delicious food, but also know how to cook.
Oval form - incredulity, tendency to do work by oneself. However, this man can boast hard work, the ability to apply knowledge in practice.
An oval face is characteristic, according to physiognomy, of hardworking people Diamond-shaped- enough explosive nature. They say about such people that they have one step from love to hate. Fast, smart. However, they do not like to be pushed on themselves.
Holders triangular persons also intellectually developed, however, they cannot be called fighters. Are artistic, sensitive in kind.
IMPORTANT: Mostly optimists, especially women.
Physiognomy: forehead shape in men and women
In order to analyze a personality based on the forehead, visually divide the forehead into 3 parts. Then see which one What stands out the most:
- 1 – located near the hairline. The man is philosopher, idealist
- 2 – middle. Humanist. His beliefs have a direct connection with society
- 3 - area above the eyebrows. These personalities are most valued logic, practicality. Their mind is rational
But physiognomy interprets the emphasis on the middle part of the forehead as increased humaneness of a person Round the forehead is characteristic of people who successfully cope with the task of inventing original ideas. Any field of activity related to creativity will be extremely suitable for them.
Square forehead belongs innovators. Over the course of their lives, for the sake of interest, they can change a lot of professions and try a lot of hobbies.
IMPORTANT: However, there is also a significant disadvantage - many undertakings are abandoned halfway.
Oval forehead is peculiar conservatives. They will never throw away old things. However, the house will always be not a warehouse, but a cozy nest. With loved ones, friends and colleagues, such people manage to support warm relations almost always.
Physiognomy: shape of the bridge of the nose in men and women
As previously thought, the bridge of the nose can characterize health status person and his predisposition to career growth. To be lucky in this regard, you need to have smooth bridge of the nose.
According to physiognomy, a smooth bridge of the nose is a sign of good luck Uneven or rough leather, transverse folds point to Problems in health or career.
Slightly flattened the bridge of the nose indicates that a person will have to make a lot of effort a lot of effort while working.
High The bridge of the nose is often found in people of high social status. And this is understandable: such individuals are characterized by efficiency, ambition.
IMPORTANT: Keep in mind that you can always contact such individuals - they are extremely friendly.
Low the bridge of the nose is often inherent pessimists. These people noticeably lack vital energy.
Physiognomy: eyebrow shape in men and women
Low eyebrows are usually found on people who can promptly And unbiased react to something. They have a strong character, enviable willpower. At the same time quite expressive and easily get down to business.
Owners high located eyebrows biased. However, it is easy to communicate with them due to friendliness, openness, cheerful disposition. This subtle gentle natures, who are very easy to impress.
IMPORTANT: Such individuals are used to completing all their undertakings, despite their impulsiveness.
Oblique internal eyebrows - in other words, those that extend upward from the bridge of the nose. Their owners anxious, tense, extremely are concerned about the quality of their work.
Oblique external- and such eyebrows diverge from the bridge of the nose down and mean gentleness, caring. Moreover, such qualities have been observed since childhood. In the future, with these people it is very comfortable making friends and collaborating.
Broken people have eyebrows dynamic, who often take on too much work, but almost always manage. They impatient And tend to get irritated.
Arc-shaped– characteristic of sentimental soft nature Creativity is their native element.
IMPORTANT: It is best to explain something to such people using examples.
Physiognomy: chin shape in men and women
Round personalities have form generous, hospitable, responsive. They will always take an interest in the problems and achievements of others.
Angularity is also a signal that a person believes in high goals and is motivated by them. He will be there until the last moment defend your views, even if this means getting into a serious argument.
People with pointed chin are are our own masters and they really don’t like orders addressed to them. To achieve goals they use exclusively own ways.
Beveled the chin is characteristic of a slightly lazy personalities. They do not have an internal core, so sometimes they can lie, cheat.Conflicts are avoided with all our might.
IMPORTANT: However, you can always find a compromise with them.
Speaker has a chin purposeful of people. Everything they have was a result of painstaking efforts. It is not easy to intimidate them, nor is it easy to force them to surrender.
Double the chin is a signal not only of too many calories in the diet, but also a sign power, strength of character.
People with double chins, according to physiognomists, are powerful people Physiognomy: cheek shape in men and women
Full e cheeks – very much have them emotional people who are unable to constantly control the manifestations of their character. At the same time they are like good conversationalists, so excellent listeners. We can safely say that such a person will true friend And a great organizer.
Sunken cheeks - their owners are enough serious, thoughtful, attentive. Feeling responsibility excellently developed. However, they are often guided not only by the mind, but also intuition.
IMPORTANT: Such people should carefully take care of their physical condition.
Cheeks with dimples have balanced And gullible personality. They like to take risks and often feel excited, however, they masterfully disguise it.
Physiognomy: ear shape in men and women
Oval or round- often found in gifted individuals, including those showing talent in the musical field. They impressionable, inventive and inclined with enthusiasm share results of its activities. At the same time, such people tend to show delicacy.
Physiognomists often observed oval or round ears in musicians Rectangular- index strength of character And decency. There is definitely sanity, and the approach to problem solving realistic. Simply put, you probably have a practitioner in front of you.
Triangular the form is typical for those who like to express their individuality. Surely you will see such ears among representatives of creative professions.
IMPORTANT: The disadvantage of this nature is impatience.
It is worth paying attention to lobe ear. So, small- sign scrupulosity and the ability to organize your life. At the same time, people like results quickly.
Big lobe indicates excellent health owner. In addition, we can draw a conclusion about the character - he persistent. For such a person can rely.
Physiognomy: shape of cheekbones, jaw in men and women
Wide cheekbones – indicators of an impressive reserve energy and enviable endurance. Such a person may act leisurely, but this leisureliness is deceptive. Any task ends up being manageable.
Narrow cheekbones - they indicate that a person is sufficient actively gives off energy into the surrounding world. This means that achieving the goal is carried out in “short dashes”, during which the spent energy is replenished.
IMPORTANT: Breaks of a few minutes are what such a person needs.
Failed cheekbones - found at introverts. A person turns out to be indifferent to many moments and does not always strive to show participation.
Concerning lower jaw, then it is considered that the wider she, the more authoritarian the person is in front of you. He has a well-trained voice and loves to lead.
People with narrow jaw cannot boast of perseverance. If they manage to break through, it is more likely due to their aggressive nature or luck. Such individuals definitely need to develop a confident voice, they need to learn to insist on their point of view.
Physiognomy: shape of the tongue in men and women
Physiognomy allows you to determine nature of the problems with the body even in language:
- Thickened- most likely not in order digestive system, liver
- Thin– there is a tendency to have problems with circulatory system. Violation metabolism also not excluded
IMPORTANT: If the tongue is also long, then it is worth checking the condition of the cardiac system.
Physiognomists regard a long tongue as a signal that there are problems with the heart. Pay attention also to grooves. They may indicate disturbances in the functioning of the heart. However, if such marks are excessively deep, it is worth checking kidneys
Physiognomists interpret grooves in the tongue as problems with the functioning of the heart. Physiognomy: shape of teeth in men and women
White smooth teeth are considered in physiognomy as a sign good fortune. They are also called “horse”, predicting to a person health and luck. Many friends are also predicted, because the owner of such teeth sociable, friendly and always friendly.
If front teeth are slightly larger others, this is a good omen for marriage. IN financial In terms of well-being, one should also expect well-being.
IMPORTANT: It is advisable that the teeth taper downwards, not upwards.
Sticking forward teeth are found in nature extraordinary, accustomed to achieving everything on your own. Often such people are moving far from home- and already at the new place of residence they build a life from scratch.
Diastema is a lucky omen. Such people live long, know how make good money. However, we are talking only about the distance between the front teeth - in other cases the gap should be small.
As you can see, you can say quite a lot about a person without even having time to get to know him properly. If you remember the basic aspects of physiognomy, information from the interlocutor’s face will be read without much difficulty.
A.V. Stepanchenko M.N. Puzin
Digital copy UU 5 JBB
http://home-page-uu5jbb.narod.ru
This book talks about the science of physiognomy. Having studied its basics, you will be able to “read” a person’s face: get an idea of his character, habits, abilities and evendiseases. In addition, the authors (candidates of medical sciences) yes they provide practical advice on facial skin care, provide recipes for various compresses and cosmetic masks, talk about eye exercises and massage.
Preface3
ABC of physiognomy4
Face in criminology and medicine20
Facial care35
PREFACE
Interest in the human face has been around for a long time. The great thinker of antiquity, Aristotle, drawing a connection between the structure of a person’s face and his character traits, wrote: “Whoever has a wide mouth is bold and brave, whoever has a thick nose, like a bull’s, is lazy, and whoever has wide nostrils, like pigs, he is stupid, he who has a sharp nose, like a dog’s, has a choleric temperament, and he who has a protruding nose, like a raven’s, is careless.”
Natural observation is an extremely rare quality. And yet it is possible to develop it through constant training. And knowledge of the basics of facial expressions and physiognomy helps to unravel a person’s mood, gives the key to “reading” his character, habits, and abilities from his face. That is why the first section and part of the second of this book are devoted specifically to this issue.
There is another, no less important aspect of understanding the characteristics of the human face - its congenital pathology and diseases, often associated with neglect of the simplest precautions or lack of basic knowledge on the prevention of diseases of the facial area. Everyone would like to remain forever young. But how to keep your facial skin smooth and healthy? How to identify a disease by the face, to recognize an alcoholic or drug addict? Do criminals have their own “face”? The authors tried to answer all these and some other questions.
THE ABC'S OF PHYSIOGNOMY
End of the 18th century. Old castle in the south of France. The servant reports to Count Lebrun about the arrival of the guest. Soon the friends are chatting animatedly in the library, where ancient tomes stand side by side with paintings in rich, although already dilapidated, gilded frames, and hunting trophies stand side by side with antique sculptures. The clock chimes, the doors swing open and mechanical men appear - musicians performing a minuet... The guest gets up and takes his leave, wants to leave, but... the polite owner suddenly rushes at him, wrings his hands and snatches the pistol hidden from the guest. The friend confesses that he decided to commit suicide and came to see his friend for the last time.
But how did you find out about this? - he asks in bewilderment. And in response he hears:
I am a student of the great Lavater.
Another student of Lavater, Cubissy, passing through the living room of the Parisian judge Lange, was struck by one of the female portraits hanging on the wall and stopped to take a better look at it. A quarter of an hour later, the judge, without waiting for Kyubissi, began to look for him and found him standing in the same place with his gaze fixed on the portrait. “What can you say about this work? - asked the judge. “Isn’t it true, a beautiful woman?” “Undoubtedly,” answered Kyubissi, “but if the portrait is made successfully, then its original apparently has a black soul; this must be the devil himself?!” It was a portrait of the famous poisoner Brenvilliers, as famous for her beauty as for the atrocities that brought her to the scaffold.
Most likely these are legends, but the fame of the Swiss pastor, theologian, moralist and poet Johann-Gaspard Lavater (1741-1801), who stood at the origins of physiognomy, was truly great. Despite many errors and misconceptions, he was the first researcher to prove the relationship between “movements of the soul,” mental processes and emotions expressed by facial expressions.
Lavater devoted all his free time to painting portraits of his flock, which he completed in the filigree manner of Renaissance masters. For hours he studied their facial features, trying to unravel their character, inclinations, and characteristics. Given the religiosity of people at that time and the secrecy of confession, he always had the opportunity to test his assumptions. Lavater's popularity eclipsed emperors and kings. People came from all over Europe to attend his physiognomic sessions; they brought him children, lovers, the sick, they sent him portraits, masks, and casts. They admired him, they idolized him, but they were also afraid of him. According to contemporaries, the famous adventurer, the brilliant Count Cagliostro avoided meeting with Lavater, although, remaining innocently naive and absent-minded until the end of his days, the pastor sought to see the European celebrity, about whom there were rumors that he was 350 years old, that he was a magician and sorcerer and can turn base metals into gold. Lavater was friends with Goethe and left an enthusiastic description of his face. “His mind is always permeated with a warm feeling, and his feelings are always brightly illuminated by his mind. Pay attention to the shape of this warm forehead, to this quick, piercing, loving and mobile eye, not sitting very deeply under slightly curved eyelids, to the expressive nose, to this essentially very poetic transition to the upper lip, to the courageous chin and open strong ear. Is there anyone who wouldn’t see that this is the face of a genius!” Lavater's art is subjective. Talent, coupled with many years of painstaking work, allowed him to achieve brilliant results. But it was the art of intuition, guesswork, that died with him.
Lavater argued that one can recognize the inner essence of a person by facial features. This teaching, or “system”, was called physiognomy (modern - physiognomy). This is how Lavater himself defined what he meant by this term: “I call physiognomy the ability to recognize the inner essence of a person by his appearance, to notice some natural signs that are not immediately apparent.”
Lavater believed that by the expression of the eyes and the outline of the mouth one can judge not only a person’s mood at the moment, but also his character in general, because people themselves “work out” their appearance depending on what they imagine it should be like. facial expression according to social status. Therefore, there are characteristic features of a courtier, lawyer, doctor, military man, statesman, etc.
Lavater's teaching made a great impression on his contemporaries. His popularity as the author of philosophical and ethical works further contributed to this. Among the adherents of the new teaching was the great Goethe, who helped Lavater in creating his works on physiognomy.
Lavater also had many supporters in Russia. N.M. Karamzin, in particular, belonged to them. Traveling in 1789-1790 in Europe, he visited Lavater and received from him the manuscript “One Hundred Physiognomic Rules,” which he described in his “Letters of a Russian Traveler.” Returning to Russia, Karamzin vigorously propagated the teachings of Lavater and distributed his writings.
Physiognomy as a science has not yet received universal recognition, but the truth of its basic principles should be judged based on experience. Let's use the interpretation of physiognomic data (nose, eyebrows, eyes), which the American psychologist Professor T. Map gives in his book, and try to use it, albeit first, to characterize our friends and loved ones. So, let’s check whether it is possible to judge a person’s character and abilities by the shape of the elements of his face.
Rice. 1. Nose shape.
NOSE. A long nose is characteristic of a conservative, proud person who has great creative potential, but lacks business qualities. People with a hooked nose are arrogant and have poor relationships with subordinates. The tip of the nose in the shape of a drop signifies success in business. An “eagle” nose is a sign of an unstable, vindictive person. A snub nose indicates not very good health, and a too snub nose is found among those who live carelessly, not caring about the future.
According to the concepts of Eastern physiognomists, the nose reflects the characteristics of a person’s spiritual life. It is believed that the ideal nose has a rounded tip and shaped wings. Too large nostrils indicate personality defects. A person with an ideal nose has the nature of a lion - he is distinguished by courage, passion, and assertiveness. People around you like people with a beautiful nose. It follows that the owner of a beautiful nose is a strong personality.
A long nose is generally considered a sign of strong individuality. A variety of shades stand out here: a long nose, well balanced with the eyes, mouth and chin, indicates a strong nature. A short nose speaks of openness of soul and optimism. A bony long nose is an indicator of pride, arrogance, and quarrelsomeness. A bony long nose with a pronounced hump often belongs to a gloomy person; if the bridge of such a nose is too sunken, deformed or riddled with horizontal potholes, this is a sign of malaise, however, with the overall balance of the face, this sign does not dominate. The Japanese consider a high and even bridge of the nose to be ideal - by the way, such a bridge of the nose occurs in healthy people. .
The tip of the nose can say a lot. A person whose nose tip resembles a hanging drop is usually cheerful, therefore he is prosperous; if the tip of the nose resembles the beak of an eagle, such a person is insightful, cunning and often vindictive. The full, large, bulbous tip of the nose is evidence of cordiality and warmth. A raised nose with protruding nostrils means self-will, intemperance, licentiousness. The forked tip of the nose is evidence of timidity. Too small nostrils indicate compliance, wide wings of the nose - about conceit. Red nose - dishonesty, a red, porous nose (“spoiled orange”) often belongs to drunkards. Dark spots on the nose are a sign of physical distress. A nose that stands out sharply on the face in women, as a rule, indicates a dysfunctional life in youth, but this becomes obvious only after 35-40 years.
BROWS. Eyebrows rising to the center of the forehead are a sign of ardent imagination. Eyebrows raised upward in a triangle indicate a strong character; their owner easily turns his plans into action. Eyebrows that form one line foreshadow a troubled life at the age of 30-35, but a person with such eyebrows is able to overcome all difficulties. Ideal eyebrows - oblong, wide, thick, harmoniously framing the eyes - are a sign of a reasonable person. Small, shapeless eyebrows are usually found in unbalanced people.
According to the Japanese, wide, long eyebrows should be considered ideal. The proportionality of eyebrow development (shape, color, thickness) indicates a balance of emotions, mind and character. Coarse, bristly eyebrows indicate the opposite. According to physiognomists, eyebrows reflect relationships with the immediate environment. A pleasant eyebrow shape signals that their owner gets along with others.
When the bushy eyebrows are raised at the outer ends, it is said to be a sign of generosity of soul and courage. Such a person is considered born for success. Drooping outer eyebrows indicate shyness. When such eyebrows seem lifeless in structure and color, it is believed that this is a consequence of depletion of internal energy. If a man has straight and long eyebrows, and, moreover, pleasant-looking skin, he is considered an intellectual. A woman with such eyebrows is considered a coquette, and you can expect any trick from her. Short eyebrows always mean the opposite. However, short but thick eyebrows speak of the explosive nature of their owner. If the eyebrows are thick and bristly, their owner is of a “devilish” nature. Stubbled eyebrows always indicate obstinacy, stubbornness, and uncompromisingness. Thick, heavy eyebrows that connect at the bridge of the nose mean an irresistible desire for leadership. A woman with such eyebrows has a strong character and is not suitable for the traditional role of a housewife. High eyebrows are a sign of determination. Eyebrows positioned very low indicate the opposite.
Rice. 2. Forehead shape.
FOREHEAD. If the upper side of the triangle is wide, this is a sign of a faithful comrade, a practical, business person who is more interested in official affairs than in home and family. The narrow upper side of the triangle indicates the possibility of family troubles. Such a forehead speaks of an independent character. The hair of an artist, an artist, in a word, a creative person, often grows in the shape of the letter M. Such people do not care about the future. A broken hairline indicates a difficult childhood.
Rice. 3. Facial wrinkles.
WRINKLES. Short wrinkles on the forehead with irregular outlines are a sign of health. One, but clearly defined wrinkle across the forehead is a sign of luck. Two or three transverse wrinkles and a vertical wrinkle intersecting them indicate success in the future. This is a sign of longevity and glory. Thinkers and good administrators have two short but deep wrinkles between the eyebrows. Deep folds running from the nostrils to the lips are a sign of long life and great success.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the largest researcher of facial expressions, K. Huter, gave a detailed description of how, by the proportions of the main parts of the human face, one can understand the essence of a person, see the tension of willpower and the desire for self-education, the contradiction between prudence and ideal aspirations, on the one hand, and sensual impulses and base instincts - on the other. The scientist believed that based on the proportion of the face one can judge the inclination towards self-discipline and self-education, towards a calm conscious or instinctive and unconscious way of life.
Huter divides the human face into three main parts: 1) the forehead, the shape of which determines the image of mental activity, the real understanding of life; 2) the middle part, reflecting the degree of sensuality and character, spiritual depth and inner content. In particular, the eyes and mouth inform about the prevailing mental activity at the moment, the direction of thought, the nose - about the will of life or the character determined by it, the shape and expressiveness of the nose is significantly influenced by the appearance of the forehead and lower part of the face; 3) the lower part, which gives an idea of a person’s energy, his love of pleasure and base instincts, reveals the desire for one’s own benefit and selfishness.
The size and width of the forehead and lower part of the face make it possible to judge the strength of emotions, and the middle part - on the contrary, the subtlety of feelings and tenderness. A small, narrow middle part of the face indicates subtle spiritual feelings, a massive one indicates will and pride, love for external manifestations and insufficiently subtle feelings. Refinement and differentiation of the inner life enlivens the middle part of the face, especially near the nose and eyes. Impoverishment and coarsening of inner life are also reflected in the shape of the face.
Based on the relationship between the parts of the face, Huter proposes to determine the character and temperament of a person (Fig. 4). Here are some examples.
1. Forehead, middle and lower parts of the face are the same height. A person with such a face has a harmonious balance between physiology and the emotional-intellectual sphere. Activity, the desire for pleasure and the feeling of joy in life are controlled by his mental activity. He is characterized by a love of truth combined with cheerfulness and love of work. He is relaxed, but reserved, cordial, lively and sociable, but with a developed feeling
Rice. 4. The ratio of the parts of the face.
self-esteem, is not constrained and, thanks to its innate disposition, is in harmonious balance.
The forehead and lower part of the face are the same size, andthe middle part is slightly longer. The long nose in this case does not disturb the harmony of the forms, and since they are quite refined, here we also see a harmonious life direction and a noble life of feelings. Such a person has a representative personality, he is distinguished by endurance and talent, and a harmonious and noble essence.
The forehead is small, the middle and lower parts of the face are large. Such a person is impulsive and rude; the desire to demonstrate strength and will dominates his feelings and reason. He shows courage, bravery and inquisitiveness, has aggressiveness and great power of persuasion, is prone to reckless use of energy, is able to neglect even pleasures, and is very demanding of himself.
The forehead and middle part of the face are long, the lower part of the faceshort. Such a person, through willpower, sharp and cold intellect, achieves more than his physical abilities allow. He is stubborn, does not recognize “tenderness”, is a leaf, strict, pedantic. Along with outstanding abilities, he exhibits negative tendencies.
The lower part of the face is long, the middle part is somewhat shorter,the forehead is even shorter. A full, soft and large lower part of the face indicates a thirst for pleasure. All mental and mental activity of such a person is focused on this. He is practical and down-to-earth, not prone to changing places, and conservative in his views. He has no emotional or spiritual highs. It is difficult to stir him up, but if he succeeds, it is just as difficult to stop him.
6. The nose is small, the forehead and lower part of the face are large. The intellectual life of such a person is as high as the desire for pleasure. He is impressionable, kind-hearted, and good-natured. He is characterized by warmth and emotional empathy. He is having a hard time making a career.
7. The nose is too small, snub-nosed, the forehead and lower part of the face are long. The mind and sensual instincts of this person are strong and spent unbridled. He is aggressive, arrogant and full of inner restlessness, has penetrating power, is quick-tempered, and internally anarchic. The mental life is active, but there is no discipline and patience in work. Possessing a high intellect, he likes to “insert hairpins”, raises problems and makes sharp criticisms, but he himself cannot eliminate shortcomings and create something better, but he is rich in ideas, which gives him a certain brilliance.
8. The lower and middle parts of the face are small, the forehead is high. These are the proportions. characterize a person's thoughts and feelings. His activity and thirst for pleasure lag behind. He is simple and modest, has intuition, is tender in his feelings, prone to self-denial and selflessness, sacrifice, and is true to his ideal. This person combines mental depth with honesty.
9. The forehead is longer than the nose, and the nose is longer than the lower jaw. Such proportions characterize a person with a high spirit, who intelligently regulates the life of feelings, masters instincts and at the same time serves high life ideals.
Profiles 1, 2, 8 and 9 characteristic of creative natures, faithful to life’s ideals. They guarantee ideal life progress and happy development. Profiles 3 and 5 are characteristic of elementary personalities, strong in activity, as well as in peace and pleasure. They focus on real life and feel good in it. Profile b occupies an intermediate position between the two named groups. Profiles 4 and 7 belong to intellectually gifted people, but “problematic” in character and generally acting rather negatively (due to their hardness and critical nature).
EYES. They have long been considered the “windows of the soul.” People's inner experiences have always been determined by their eyes. It is believed that a person with beautiful and attractive eyes has health, will, intelligence, and temperament. Such eyes, according to physiognomists, emit light and warmth. They are well protected by eyelids and have an expressive iris.
In assessing the character and destinies of people, the eyes occupy a central place. Treatises on physiognomy recommend starting to “read” the face with the eyes. However, it should be borne in mind that the most reliable information can be obtained from the eyes of a person who is already over 40, that is, when all personality traits have become established.
Large eyes usually indicate a sensitive soul, often courage and even a desire for leadership. Small eyes often belong to closed, sometimes complacent and stubborn people. Often such people are distinguished by amazing constancy. A wide iris is a sign of softness and calmness, a narrow one indicates an imbalance in internal processes, which adversely affects relationships with others. The color of the iris can be used to judge the presence or absence of vitality: black, brown and green - energy, blue - sensitivity, light brown - shyness.
The placement of the eyes also speaks volumes: both eyes on the same horizontal line is a favorable sign; eyes slanted downwards - men have decisiveness, women have unreasonableness; if the upper eyelid is slightly drooping, this is a sign of maturity; if it is severely drooping, in men it means depleted energy. The unpleasant color of a drooping eyelid indicates physiological abnormalities; a swollen lower eyelid is a sign of a hectic life; too sagging lower eyelid indicates uncontrollability of desires; swollen eyelids (upper and lower) - fatigue from life. If the outer corners of the eyes are buried in a network of diverging wrinkles, this is a sign of insight.
The Japanese distinguish between eye types this way. Large, with a lively sparkle - the eyes of a dragon. A person in power is endowed with such eyes. The elongated shape of the eyes with upturned rims are the eyes of a sphinx, a refined nature. Large eyes with numerous folds on the eyelids are the eyes of a lion; leaders are endowed with them. Elephants have narrow, elongated eyes with double or triple eyelids; they are usually characteristic of obese people who are calm in character. Round, with a yellowish sheen - the eyes of a tiger. Narrow, small eyes with black and yellow irises - the eyes of a sheep; eyes with a triangular cut and sagging eyelids - the eyes of a horse; eyes with a fractured upper eyelid and a dull iris - the eyes of a boar; eyes with an overly wide iris are the eyes of a wolf. In Japan, there are up to 40 types of eyes, and all of them are identified with the eyes of animals. The behavior characteristic of such an animal is attributed to the owners of the corresponding type of eyes.
EARS. Eastern physiognomy also pays attention to the ears. When “reading,” faces rely on a general rule: a well-shaped ear indicates a happy childhood, shapelessness and pallor of the ears indicate the influence of unfavorable factors. Ears that are too large almost always indicate personality flaws, and ears that are too small also indicate trouble.
The ears and their position on the head are used to judge intelligence and character. Upper edge of ears: above eyebrow level - high intelligence; at eye level - above average intelligence; below eye level - average or even low intelligence. An ear without a well-shaped lobe indicates an unbalanced personality. A long lobe means carelessness, a weak lobe means scrupulousness. People with very large lobes are considered sages in the East. If the earlobe moves forward slightly, this is soulfulness. The inner rim of the ear is an indicator of emotional experiences: if the rim is retracted - restraint, if protruded - lack of restraint. Preference is given to pink ears; Yellow or blue ears are considered a sign of illness. Dark skin color near the front and top of the ear is a hidden condition. Moles inside the ear are a sign of trouble.
MOUTH. This is the most expressive part of the face. Tightly compressed lips and clenched teeth indicate determination, perseverance; a tightly closed mouth indicates a person’s determination, determination, and firmness. On the contrary, widening of the oral fissure (especially some sagging of the lower jaw) expresses a decrease in the mental activity of the individual. The corners of the mouth are of particular importance. C. Darwin rightly considered the downturned corners of the mouth to be a vestige of crying. Indeed, with a tearful mood and depression, the corners of the mouth are lowered. A person can joke and seem active, but the corners of his mouth reveal his depressed state. The curvature of one corner of the mouth, accompanied by temporary asymmetry of the face, is an expression of an ironic grin.
Physiognomy allows one to determine a person’s internal energy by the shape and size of the mouth. The Japanese are attracted to large mouths in men and small mouths in women. A woman with a big mouth is considered masculine, which is not very pleasant
Rice. 5. Smile and laughter (drawing by P. Rubens).
men. The general opinion: people with small mouths are preoccupied with the struggle for survival and are endowed with a weak character. A thin line of closed lips indicates a scrupulous character. A person with a large mouth and drooping corners of the lips has a strong will and is difficult to influence. A constantly twitching mouth (“horse mouth”) is a sign of neuroticism.
A small, arched mouth (the corners of the lips tend to droop) belongs to a sensitive nature. Convex, large lips are evidence of success. Symmetrical (without distortions) opening of the mouth indicates balanced emotions. If wrinkles run down to both sides of the mouth, this is a sign of a difficult life. If such wrinkles go to the corners of the lips from the wings of the nose (a mouth-nose ring is created) - this is evidence of deceit. A mouth with one side drooping often belongs to a stubborn person. The upper lip clearly protrudes above the lower - indecision, the lower protrudes further than the upper - selfishness. Wrinkles above the lips are a natural sign of aging. Fine wrinkles often signal poor health. Wrinkles deeply etched into the lips sometimes indicate prosperity in youth and hardship in adulthood.
The individuality of any person is a set of expressed personality traits that dominate over the others, which are significantly less developed. It is this set that creates our uniqueness, so adored by everyone. Fortunately for us, there are not a hundred or even twenty leading features. Their number, as a rule, varies from three to five.
The ability to understand people lies precisely in recognizing this unique “personality profile” and correctly interpreting the combination of characteristics created by nature and society.
Imagine that you have learned to see a certain psychological “code” of a person. The patterns of his behavior have become obvious to you: how he makes decisions, what is important to him in life, what he will like and what will repel him... Do you understand what I’m getting at?
Knowledge about the behavioral patterns of our partner, client, competitor or loved one will give us the opportunity to influence his decisions and consciously manage the communication process. Then there are only ethical restrictions. I hope you, dear reader, have them.
We have prepared for you a short excursion into psychological physiognomy without esotericism, guessing and abstract verbiage.
Facial physiognomy
Based on the method of decision-making, physiognomy divides people into logicians and intuitives.
The difference is that a logician first builds a chain of reasoning, compares facts and data, and only then makes one decision or another.The intuitive acts completely differently: he makes a decision, guided by feelings (intuition), and then selects arguments for the already made decision. Neither one nor the other, in and of itself, is a strength or weakness. It all depends on the specific life situation.
Based on the method of decision-making, physiognomy divides people into logicians and intuitives. The difference is that a logician first builds a chain of reasoning, compares facts and data, and only then makes one decision or another.
The intuitive acts completely differently: he makes a decision, guided by feelings (intuition), and then selects arguments for the already made decision. Neither one nor the other, in and of itself, is a strength or weakness. It all depends on the specific life situation.
A logician in a situation of a changing environment that requires a quick response with a small amount of input information will lose time collecting additional data to make a decision. An intuitive, in high-stakes circumstances that require a calm and thoughtful approach to an issue, may trust his feelings and miss obvious danger signals.
The paradox is that intuition, with proper development, often prompts the right decision, because it is a system of competencies that are not recognized by a person at a rational level.
In physiognomic psychoanalysis, indicators of logic and intuition are reflected in the shape of the head, or more precisely, in the characteristics of long-headed and round-headed.
The shape of the head is determined without taking into account the height of the forehead and the characteristics of the jaw. These elements can enhance or compensate for the frequency of decision making in a logical or intuitive thinking structure, but they should be considered separately.
Physiognomy of the jaw - volitional qualities
Physical activity in humans is always associated with increased tone of the masticatory muscles. From the point of view of evolution, this is absolutely natural, because the maximum force required by a predator to survive is the force of the jaws squeezing the throat of the prey. This behavioral pattern, jaw clenching during physical activity, has evolved to the level of cognitive and social processes.
When overcoming life's difficulties, we unconsciously clench our jaws and “gather our will into a fist.”
Physiognomy of the jaw involves not only the study of the genetic predispositions of the bone skeleton (height and width of the jaw), but also acquired volitional qualities - the development of the masticatory muscles (musculus masseter).
Strong-willed qualities, of course, can and should be cultivated. History is full of similar examples.
Physiognomy of the jaw - active action strategies
As you know, different people solve the same problem in different ways. For one, the best strategy is open conflict, for another - adjustment and manipulation, for a third - progressive, steady pressure, for a fourth - the search for non-standard solutions, etc.
Physiognomy evaluates the dominant strategy of active actions through the characteristics of the structure of the bones of the lower jaw. This is not surprising. Grip strength dictates possible solutions to problems.
The analogy with the animal world is, again, quite appropriate. There is nothing to do with a weak jaw in open combat. A person intuitively chooses a tactic that is comfortable for himself and considers it the only correct one.
By understanding your opponent's typical behavior patterns and your dominant strategies, you will objectively realize that the choice of tactics to achieve results should be based on the study of alternatives, and not on the usual response patterns.
Some physiognomic characteristics of the jaw:
- heavy jaw (size on the scale of the face) - high genetic resistance to stress, slowness and progression in actions, rigidity;
- light jaw - mental mobility, avoidance of conflicts, fear of direct confrontation, conformism;
- jaw height (vertical distance from the lower lip to the tip of the chin) - impact, straightness, combativeness;
- jaw width (horizontal distance between the chewing muscles along the line of the mouth) - a tendency to non-standard approaches, a love of maneuvers, avoidance of direct collision;
- jaw forward - an uncompromising strategy of trial and error, behavioral maximalism;
- jaw thrown back - actions with caution, reinsurance against mistakes, cowardice.
The characteristics of the chin are also of great importance for the physiognomic analysis of the jaw.
Considering the number and information content of the indicators, it is not difficult to imagine how many behavioral options can be modeled from the above characteristics and how accurately an experienced specialist in the field of physiognomy can predict the behavior of a particular person.
Physiognomy of the mouth - capture ambitions
The size of the mouth in physiognomic analysis is the ambition of possession. The larger the mouth, the correspondingly larger pieces you want to send there.
More precisely, the more ambition a person has to capture, the larger the size of the mouth. And here it doesn’t matter what aspect we are talking about: money, power, knowledge, impressions, travel, etc.
In which area the capture will be carried out will be shown by other physiognomic signs, but the fact that the largemouth never stops there is a fact.
A small mouth compared to the size of the face indicates the selectivity of the owner. He is ready to be content with little, but at the same time he is not ready to take just anything.
His ambitions always have a foreseeable horizon and, having reached it, the owner of a small mouth is likely to stop and enjoy.
The physiognomy of the lips is also of significant importance, but this aspect is associated not so much with ambitions as with the area of a person’s communicative abilities.
Lips are our last line of defense before capture. Its goal is to probe the object of capture.
The characteristics of the lips directly reflect a person’s ability to sense the interlocutor, perceive situational changes in the environment and provide other auxiliary information that improves the ability to interact with the outside world.
Physiognomy of the nose and forehead
Impulsivity and reflexivity
When analyzing the personality of any person, indicators of conflict and impulsivity are of interest. A psychopath, a jealous person, or simply an unbalanced person who has poor control over his outbursts of anger is unlikely to be a desirable employee, business partner, or even less a life partner.
The tendency to rash, uncontrolled actions can be determined by several indicators: a sloping forehead, a hump on the nose, a thin bridge of the nose.
If this combination is complemented by a light or impact jaw, the likelihood of a quick temper will be even higher. Psychoanalysis of the reasons in this case differs significantly, but the result will be the same - strict adherence to principles in unprincipled issues.
Impulsive outbursts of anger, a tendency to selfish self-justification of one’s overly harsh actions towards other people. A couple more touches and we will get a classic portrait of a jealous person.
A high forehead with a heavy jaw gives increased thoughtfulness and even retardation in decision making. Such a person prefers to think about actions and go through options, but often forgets about the need to begin the process of activity itself.
Moreover, it is not clear to him what the end result is. He is interested in the processes themselves, but does not care about the product.
But, if you have a wide, straight bridge of the nose, you can count on high stress resistance and leisurely calm. Such a person does not worry unnecessarily and does not rush things. It is difficult to anger him, and he will not argue over trifles.
Physiognomy of nasolabial wrinkles - motives and goals
The structure of motives has a direct relationship with the acquired life experience gained during social interaction. As a rule, it is associated with acquired social attitudes determined by the implementation of leading needs. Often, true motives are replaced by patterns of imaginary social success.
This phenomenon of substitution in psychology is called a shift of motive to goal. It can lead a person to become fixated on processes of accumulation and pseudo-success that are insignificant from the point of view of personal development, but are encouraged in society.
To assess whether a person’s internal motivation system is aimed at hoarding or whether he is driven by non-material motives, physiognomy identifies the corresponding characteristics of the nasolabial wrinkle. Its severity and direction indicate the presence or absence of a person’s existing structure of motives and connection with the ambitions of capture.
In other words, the direction of the wrinkle of motives indicates a person’s tendency to hoard and, in combination with other signs, indicates greed or altruism.
Physiognomy of eyebrows - emotions and feelings
To assess the structure of motifs, it is also necessary to pay attention to the characteristics of eyebrows and forehead wrinkles. Two principles are present and constantly interact in a person:
- the animal (individual) component of our Self: the need for security, continued happiness, physiological saturation, dominance, etc.
- social motivations: rationality, success, financial solvency, material independence, etc.
The characteristics of eyebrows and forehead wrinkles determine the balance of these two factors in physiognomy. Naturally, there is a good balance in everything. Let us describe extreme states.
A person with a dominant individual principle is led by his emotions and desires. He cannot deny himself anything regarding the satisfaction of basic needs.
An uncontrollable fire of emotions constantly rages within him, which he cannot cope with. Anger, joy, sadness, passion - this man has everything over the edge. Due to low self-control, impulsive or even aggressive actions may predominate.
A person who is in the grip of ego impulses is a soulless and insensitive rationalist. He has high self-control and a cold mind, is self-centered and insensitive to other people's experiences. He is not touched by other people's grief or joy. All his actions are determined by a system of social attitudes, and true motives are replaced by the goals of achieving social well-being.
The position and shape of the eyebrows also provide information about the dominance of abstract or practical thinking and some other signs.
Here, in connection with motives, the physiognomy of the cheek is considered as features of a person’s work with resources and some other clarifying indicators.
Physiognomy of the nose - features of working with information, curiosity and intelligence
Physiognomy considers intelligence as a set of qualities that allow one to work with information. Key indicators in this system:
- curiosity;
- ability to work with large volumes of information;
- analytical capabilities;
- the ability to maintain analytical skills in a stressful situation;
- ability to apply information in practice.
For example, curiosity can be assessed through the characteristics of the tip of the nose. A pointed tip will indicate a person's tendency to search for new information. These are lovers of innovation who always want development. They are ready to learn and develop regardless of age and life achievements.
A potato nose, on the contrary, will indicate a person with established traditions. Such people are accustomed to being based on old schemes that have already been established and have proven their reliability. What is new for them is an attack on the foundations. But such people are characterized by thoughtfulness and systematicity when working with information.
The ability to work with information flows is the characteristics of the nostrils. Analytical abilities - the size of the nose in terms of the face. Analytics in a stressful situation - characteristics of the wings of the nose.
These indicators are very important in a personnel selection situation, because the success of business processes related to analytics and forecasting especially depends on the level of performance abilities of a particular employee.
Physiognomy of cheekbones - communication abilities
People with high cheekbones love to communicate. They don’t always know how, but they always love. Therefore, it is not surprising that a high-cheekbone face in itself more often evokes sympathy than antipathy. In any case, people with high cheekbones have a predisposition to communicative activities.
If, in combination with pronounced cheekbones, we see, for example, pronounced lips as an amplifier, then the communicative ability of such a person increases significantly. He no longer just loves to communicate, but also knows how to feel the interlocutor in contact, which means that the exchange of information will be more effective and comfortable.
People with weak cheekbones tend to have little contact. If such a person actively stimulates communication with a wide range of people, then this is most likely an acquired skill that has been mastered as a necessity. Such a subject, as a rule, will prefer books, a computer or TV to human communication, i.e. objects that do not require feedback from him.
The modern information space provides unlimited opportunities for communication. But perhaps precisely because so many people with weak cheekbones are engaged in the development of the communication sphere, there is less and less room in our world for personal human contact.
Physiognomy of the eyes - assessment of objective reality and planning
All people see the same world, but often perceive it in completely different ways. It's not just about the features of the visual analyzer, i.e. the eyes themselves. The main discrepancies occur at the stage of processing the received data. The characteristics of the eyes in physiognomy provide information about the structure of a particular person’s worldview and the specifics of his plan.
To assess the physiognomy of the eyes, the following physiognomic indicators exist:
- eye shape (round, panoramic, narrow);
- eye set (close set and wide set);
- eyelashes;
- upper eyelid;
- lower eyelid;
- wrinkles around the eyes.
Some characteristics of the eyebrows and wrinkles located in the area between the eyes are also discussed here.
Round eyes - commitment to quick decisions. Such a person, other things being equal, will always choose the short term rather than long-term plans. This must be taken into account, say, when preparing a commercial proposal or presentation. Seeing a long-term perspective without details and intermediate results, he is unlikely to approve the project.
Narrow-set eyes - tunnel plan. A person gives preference to the development of one, narrow direction, considering the development of related areas unnecessary. In a situation where there is a need to develop, say, one narrow line of business, this is an excellent quality.
All efforts will be focused on strengthening our positions and conquering new horizons. But if it is necessary to expand the range of activities, an employee with close-set eyes will see the dispersion of resources everywhere and intuitively look for a priority area on which to place the main emphasis. The remaining projects will be quickly forgotten.
Physiognomy of eyelashes - sensitivity
The ability to isolate small nuances from the information flow. A woman with long eyelashes seems more sensual. Professional seductresses have long noticed this and successfully use eyelash lengthening when applying makeup.
Physiognomy of the upper eyelid
Satisfaction with your life situation; the presence or absence of unresolved intrapersonal conflicts. Either a snob or a person who is dissatisfied with his present and predicting a negative future is looking at us through half-closed eyelids.
Physiognomy of the lower eyelid
Fighting qualities, vitality. Sagging of the lower eyelid, bags under the eyes, as well as blue discoloration directly indicate a lack of vitality, as well as reduced functionality of the kidneys and liver. A dense lower eyelid indicates strong leadership qualities. Remember the “Stalinist squint”.
Physiognomy of wrinkles around the eyes
Principles of decision making, dominant planning strategies, self-assessment and trade-offs. How a person is used to solving problems. What stable cognitive connections has he developed over the course of his experience? Important wrinkles. By understanding them, one can quite accurately predict the likely directions of a person’s actions.
Physiognomy of forehead wrinkles - life beliefs
Forehead wrinkles appear in humans at different ages. This is due to the different times a person goes through periods of development. The appearance of forehead wrinkles as such indicates the emergence of global life concepts or metastrategies.
First of all, the very fact of the formation of such wrinkles indicates certain established stable principles and the presence of a person’s own picture of the world. What this picture is, we will be helped to understand not only by the forehead wrinkles themselves, but also by other physiognomic signs. The presence of formed wrinkles should in no case be considered as some kind of incorrigibility. Under the influence of life circumstances, any foundations can be shaken. We know that the human psyche is plastic and capable of transformation at almost any age.
The physiognomy of horizontal forehead wrinkles identifies four main metastrategies:
- leadership;
- a tendency towards militarism and aggression;
- humanistic values;
- service and asceticism.
Forehead wrinkles, as a rule, are not symmetrical, have breaks and curvatures. You need to be able to read and interpret this drawing.
Physiognomy of forehead wrinkles - metastrategies
Physiognomic analysis as a method of personality diagnosis
Physiognomy provides a detailed and reliable psychological portrait of a person. Knowledge of the signs and understanding of the patterns of physiognomic psychoanalysis make it possible to use this technique in almost all areas of activity related to communication: identifying personal characteristics during personnel selection, determining the character traits of employees, preparing for negotiations with partners and competitors, interpersonal relationships, etc.
Of particular importance in physiognomy is the skill of arranging and interpreting mutually reinforcing and compensating combinations of physiognomic features. Physiognomy is not only a science, but also an art, which since time immemorial has been called this: the art of reading faces.