Ridder is a small, provincial town, but it has its own interesting history. Man chose these abundant places in ancient times, in the Stone Age, as evidenced by the stone tools found by archaeologists on the territory of the city.
The fact that Altai is rich in minerals was remembered during the reign of Empress Catherine II. The history of the city begins in 1786, when a royal decree was issued on the need to begin searching for “not only ores, but also all kinds of useful stones and minerals.” At the beginning of May 1786, 9 search parties were sent to Altai, one of which was led by 27-year-old mountain officer Philip Ridder. On May 31, 1786, he discovers a very rich deposit containing gold, silver, and base metals. In the summer of the same year, the first buildings were erected and the settlement received the name Ridder Mine. This is how the city of Ridder was founded.
The uniqueness of the ores of the Ridder deposit has been repeatedly noted by specialists at various levels and commissions. It became famous far beyond Russia. In 1850, Ridder ores received the highest rating at the London World Exhibition, and in 1879, samples of them were included in the “collection of the museum of the Stockholm Royal Technical Institute.”
Years passed, governments and formations changed. At the beginning of the twentieth century, Ridder experienced a number of foreign concessions, years of revolution and civil war. The settlement of the Ridder mine becomes the village of Ridder, then a settlement, and finally, from January 1, 1932, the city of Ridder. On the eve of the war, the city of Ridder was renamed the city of Leninogorsk.
Industrial construction in Leninogorsk during the years of Soviet power gained wide scope. The Lead Plant was built - the first-born of non-ferrous metallurgy in Kazakhstan, the Leninogorsk cascade of hydroelectric power stations - the only one in Kazakhstan and the second in the USSR, mines, factories, residential areas, and a Zinc plant. A mining and metallurgical technical school was opened on the basis of the Factory Training School (FZO).
For services in supporting the Soviet Army and Navy during the Great Patriotic War, the Leninogorsk Polymetallic Plant was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor on May 30, 1966, and the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree, on May 4, 1985.
In the year of its 200th anniversary, Leninogorsk was awarded on July 14, 1986 the Order of Friendship of Peoples for the successes of workers achieved in economic and cultural construction, for their contribution to the fight against the Nazi invaders during the Great Patriotic War.
The places around Ridder are truly fabulous. Ridder is located in the northeast of Kazakhstan, at the foot of the Ivanovo Range, in an intermountain depression at an altitude of 700 to 900 meters above sea level. The climate is sharply continental; in summer the thermometer rises to plus 35.4 degrees, in winter it drops to minus 41.3. The rivers Gromatukha, Tikhaya, Bystrukha, Zhuravlikha and Filippovka merge to form the Ulba River.
Ridder covers an area of 320 square meters. kilometers. The population is more than 58 thousand people. On the territory of the city there is the Altai Botanical Garden, founded in 1935 by P.A. Ermakov. Every year, ABS takes an active part in landscaping not only the city, but also other cities and villages in our country and sells more than 5 thousand seedlings, 10 thousand perennial flower plants, and up to 20 thousand annuals. For its achievements, ABS was admitted to the International Association of Botanical Gardens.
The Western Altai State Nature Reserve (WASPZ) makes its feasible contribution to the conservation of the biological diversity of the region. It was organized in 1992 and is located in the northeast of our region, on the border with the Russian Federation. Occupies parts of the territories of the Zyryanovsky district and the lands of Ridder. (the area is more than 50 thousand hectares). ZAGZZ, in its natural and climatic conditions, reflects all the specific features of the South Siberian taiga. In terms of floristic richness and diversity of fauna, ZAGPZ occupies one of the leading places among 10 nature reserves in Kazakhstan. The flora of vascular plants is represented by 880 species from 350 genera and 85 families. There are 96 rare species that require special protection, including 27 listed in the Red Book of Kazakhstan. The fauna of ZAGPZ includes 150 species of birds, 55 species of mammals and about 10 thousand species of invertebrates, including 8 species listed in the Red Book. Taking into account its special ecological, scientific and recreational significance, the reserve is classified in the highest category of “Specially Protected Natural Areas” of Republican significance with the status of an environmental institution with a reserve regime.
The leading sectors of the economy are mining, non-ferrous metallurgy, energy and food production.
One of the largest users of natural resources in the region is Kazzinc LLP. On the territory of the Eastern region there are 6 Kazzinc production complexes, among them the Ridder mining and processing complex, which is the city-forming enterprise of the city of Ridder.
Today, RGOC includes the Ridder-Sokolny and Tishinsky mines, a processing plant, a number of auxiliary workshops and divisions, and subsidiaries.
The city of Ridder makes a significant contribution to the economy of the region and the Republic. Entrepreneurship plays an important role in the city's economy. Business entities of all forms of ownership operate in the city: large, medium, small enterprises, mixed markets, municipal trading floors, shops, pharmacies, gas stations, catering establishments, canteens, and enterprises providing services to the public.
Other well-known enterprises in the city are “Shemazat”, “Production and trading company Gemma”, “Volna”, “Vertical”, “Geolen”, “Infroservice”, etc.
The city's infrastructure is unusually wide. This includes road construction, road repair and restoration, power supply and lighting, transport, communications, engineering support, water supply and city landscaping.
The city department of culture and language development includes a network of cultural and educational institutions. The center of cultural life in the city was and remains the Palace of Culture, where children and adults participate in various amateur artistic activities. Such groups as “Arabesque”, “Singing Peas”, “Sounding Voices”, “Rhythms of Childhood” bring glory to the city. For many years, the veterans' choir has been delighting the townspeople with its performances.
The centralized library system unites 7 libraries, which are visited by over 25 thousand readers.
The Museum of Local History is the only cultural institution that preserves the rich history of the city. Its funds number more than 28 thousand exhibits.
There are 17 secondary schools in the city of Ridder. Among them are the UVK "Lyceum", a humanitarian gymnasium, with an economic school-lyceum, as well as a school-gymnasium "Shanyrak". In addition to general education and junior high schools, there are 2 boarding schools, a vocational school, a shelter “Svetoch”, 8 preschool institutions, 1 educational and health center, an agricultural and technical college, a humanities college, an art and music school, a schoolchildren’s home, where 15 circles of various directions work.
Medical assistance to the population of Ridder is provided by: an ambulance and emergency medical care station, a multidisciplinary city hospital, anti-tuberculosis and psychoneurological dispensaries, children's and infectious diseases hospitals, a consultative and diagnostic center, antenatal clinic and private clinics. There are 2 paramedic stations for the rural population. Specialized departments and offices are equipped with modern equipment. New diagnostic methods are being introduced in laboratories.
The city has all the conditions for sports. Since 2002, the Republican boarding school for children gifted in sports has been operating. The school has 7 departments: cross-country skiing, biathlon, alpine skiing, ski jumping, athletics, orienteering, freestyle. Ridder is the venue for high-ranking competitions, and our athletes are on the regional, republican and even world Olympus.
The pride and glory of the city are skiers Svetlana Shishkina and Elena Kolomina. Champion of the Asian Games, repeated record holder of the Republic of Kazakhstan in athletics Mikhail Kolganov, master of sports, champion of Asia and the republic in athletics Marina Podkorytova, biathletes - absolute champion of Kazakhstan Yan Savitsky and world champion in South Korea Sergei Naumik, as well as many others.
The activities of the city House of Friendship, which was opened in 2005, are of no small importance for maintaining a stable interethnic situation in the city. More than 20 nationalities live in Ridder, therefore the most important task that the House of Friendship has solved and is solving today is to strengthen unity, create the necessary conditions for the revival of the native language, culture, and traditions of interethnic harmony. The House of Friendship has 10 ethnocultural centers and the “?aza” society. tіli" (Russian cultural center, German center "Renaissance", Tatar-Bashkir, Jewish, Belarusian, Korean, ethno-oriented society "Cossack cultural-ecological center", "Irtysh Cossack center", Azerbaijani and Ukrainian national cultural centers). National cultural centers of the city take an active part in the work of the Assembly of Peoples of Kazakhstan of the East Kazakhstan region.
The Ridder branch of the Nur-Otan People's Democratic Party carries out active work within the headquarters of territorial districts in winter and summer. The youth wing of the people's democratic party "Nur-Otan" "Jaz Otan" is active. The largest event is the “For a Healthy Lifestyle” campaign. The activities of 5 representative offices of political parties and public associations contribute to the preservation of political diversity, provides an opportunity for various categories of the population to express their opinions on the work of government bodies at all levels and to engage in dialogue with their representatives.
Specialists of various professions have worked and are working at the city's enterprises: miners, concentrators, metallurgists, builders, geologists and many others - these are the people who make up the gold fund of the enterprises and are the pride of the city of Ridder. Of these, only 79 are Honorary Citizens, who made a significant contribution to the development of industry, culture, education, healthcare, sports and the socio-political life of the city. In the creation of socialist industry, the Heroes of Socialist Labor played a remarkable role as pioneers. Many of them passed away, leaving a priceless spiritual legacy. People obsessed with the pursuit of their goal, boldly storming uncharted heights, they achieved a lot. These are Bike Aidarkhanov, Illarion Nemtsev, Vasily Grebenyuk, Klavdiya Semenova, Mikhail Avdeychik, Boris Plotnikov, Anna Tokareva. Their names are immortalized in street names and memorial plaques.
Anyone who has never been to the wonderful city of Ridder, which is located in Kazakhstan, should definitely visit there. There will be more than enough impressions, and no one will have to regret their visit there. The city owes its existence to the decree of Empress Catherine II, according to which an expedition was sent to these places in search of gold and silver. One of them was headed by engineer Philip Philipovich Ridder, after whom the city was subsequently named. And this happened back in 1786.
Arriving there, the city will appear before you in all its glory. There is a lot to see and admire. It is difficult to talk about everything in one article, but I would like to pay special attention to certain attractions.
As befits all large squares, its location is the city center. Previously, it bore the name of Lenin, but at one time it was renamed and became known as Republic Square. After the dismantling of the monument to the great leader of the revolution, a memorial plaque appeared on it with the name of the founder of the city. Recently, the square has undergone its own reconstruction, as a result of which, instead of asphalt, everything was laid out with paving slabs with fancy patterns.
The city is transforming before our eyes. There are many young trees in it. You can stroll along the quiet alleys, admiring the incredible beauty of the Altai Mountains.
It is separated from the city by only about 10 kilometers. The water in it is incredibly icy and brings saving freshness in the summer heat. It flows through the eastern territory of Kazakhstan, including the Gromotushinsky Gorge. In the spring, when the snow melts, she is able to demonstrate her stern disposition. On the bank of the river in a picturesque pine forest there is a recreation center of the same name. The base's facilities consist of fourteen cozy houses made of wood.
The cleanest air and the surroundings of centuries-old trees make holidays in these places simply unforgettable. A friendly company of vacationers surrounded by picturesque landscapes will invigorate any vacationer for a long time. A Russian bathhouse with healing steam dispersed through the steam room with a birch broom is always open for tourists. And how pleasant it will be to drink aromatic tea from local herbs after a bath.
The location of the palace is Semenova Street. A very beautiful building. It was built according to the plans of the architect Ivanchuk, who in addition took part in the decorative design of the interior. Its concert hall hosts significant musical events in the city. The exhibition hall displays paintings by famous artists. At one time, participants in the “Ring of Eurasia” forum gathered within the walls of this palace. The honor of opening the forum was given to the President of Kazakhstan.
The style in which the palace is made is Stalinist Empire. The facade of the building is decorated with columns.
Location: Semenova street - 12.
It is the longest street in the city. Its beginning is the railway. Its end is the Geologist microdistrict. It is a large transport highway with two lanes on each side. There are a large number of infrastructure facilities located on this street. If you go to the beginning of the street, you can get to the library named after. Gogol. This street offers excellent views of the mountain range.
Its location is Gorky Street. This is a large health center in the city. A building of 5 floors with two swimming pools. In addition to the main building, there are two medical buildings and a dining room on the territory. The health resort is located in the center of a green area. Its construction was carried out in the second half of the last century with money allocated by mining enterprises. The building is intended for recreation and providing qualified assistance to miners and miners. And now it’s not just them.
Location: street.
Its beginning is Republic Square, and its end is Gagarin Street. Many city residents like to relax on it. Its length is 150 meters. In spring, the alley is literally fragrant with blooming lilacs. It is everywhere decorated with original flower beds. It was organized in memory of veterans of the Great Patriotic War. Through the efforts of grateful descendants, the names of veterans were immortalized on this alley.
Its location is the foothills of Altai. The place has beautiful panoramic views. Administratively, it is a village, but is part of the city. This dual position is due to its historical roots. At the very beginning, the city was formed from separate villages that arose on the site of ore deposits. At one point, one of these villages became part of the city of Ridder. There are many cultivated fields around the microdistrict. The names of the streets of the microdistrict also have a thematic slant.
This article lists only some of the places in the beautiful city of Ridder. Once in the city, you can also visit the local history museum, many beautiful and old temples and mosques, and in a short distance there are several natural caves and lakes. Arriving in this city, no one will be bored. There are many interesting places here that visitors will remember for a long time.
Although the historical Rudny Altai is Barnaul, Zmeinogorsk, Salair, Kolyvan, in our time Rudny Altai is by default called the extreme northeast of Kazakhstan, the “small” East Kazakhstan region before its unification with Semipalatinsk. Maybe because Altai is still Rudny here: lead, zinc and most of the periodic table are mined here. The heart of this region is rightfully considered Ridder, the former Leninogorsk, a small industrial city (49 thousand inhabitants) 120 kilometers from the regional Ust-Kamenogorsk. Is Ridder the most mountainous in Rudny Altai or the most oreous in Gorny Altai? In any case, this is the most ethnically Russian city in Kazakhstan - Kazakhs here make up only 13% of the population.
The history of Rudny Altai was once told in Barnaul and Zmeinogorsk. The first expeditions in search of silver came to Kolyvan back in the 17th century, but only the expedition equipped by the “iron king” of the Urals Akinfiy Demidov was crowned with success. The fact is that in the Urals there were all the resources and technologies for minting coins, and for example, the state government, when a convoy with wages for workers got stuck on the gullies, simply minted the wages on the spot. Demidov, of course, looking at this, decided “why am I any worse?” and began work in this direction, and there were many legends about the counterfeit Demidov coin and the flooded cellars with serfs in the Urals. Rudny Altai is the son of the Gornozavodsky Urals: in 1723, the lands in its foothills were transferred to the ownership of the Demidovs as the Kolyvan-Voskresensky mountain district. The Kolyvan plant started operating in 1726, in 1737, and in 1744. With the death of Akinfiy Demidov in 1745, the project stalled, but the mines had already been explored, the infrastructure had been created, the connections had been established - and the State, which was much more in need of silver, got down to business. Factories in Russia at that time were divided according to their form of ownership into 3 categories: private, state-owned and cabinet-owned. With the first two, everything is generally clear, but the third were the property not even of the state, but personally of the sovereign-emperor, governed by the Cabinet of His Majesty, and Rudny Altai became the cabinet. Officials, oddly enough, turned out to be stronger business executives in Altai than merchants: over 20 years, silver production increased from 44 to 1300 (!) poods per year. Dozens of factories, mines and related enterprises such as grinding mills (in our words, stone-cutting factories) appeared on the Ob and Tom. The “center of gravity” of Rudny Altai during its heyday was in the current Altai Territory and Kemerovo Region, but still the richest mines were discovered closer to the Irtysh. In 1786, at the foot of the Ivanovsky ridge in Zmeinogorsk district, mining officer Philip Ridder explored a large lead-zinc deposit. Soon, assigned peasants, Old Believers “Poles” and convicts were brought there, and the Ridder mine began working at full capacity.
But the end of the entire Altai industry was swift and inglorious: both the Mining Urals and the Rudny Altai “slept through” the steam revolution, and although the construction of new mines, dams and factories was in full swing in the first half of the 19th century, the water-powered Russian industry could no longer compete with advanced English technologies. By the middle of the century, the inertia ended, and Rudny Altai was a pitiful sight, working with the latest technology from the time of Catherine the Second. Somehow it all survived only due to not even cheapness, but the servitude of the labor force, this robotization of past eras... With the abolition of serfdom, the authorities calculated how much they would have to pay hired workers, but grabbed their heads and decided that it would be easier to bury it all . Altai's mines and factories began to close one by one, and by the end of the 19th century Altai was practically deindustrialized. Barnaul or Zmeinogorsk, Salair or Suzun as metallurgical centers could no longer revive. But foreign investors became interested in Southern Altai in the wake of the industrial boom at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. In 1903, the Austrian company Thurn und Taxis tried to revive the Ridder mine, but in fact it only lasted until 1907. In 1911, the tsarist government officially terminated the contract with her, transferring Riddersk to the omnipresent Briton Leslie Urquhart, whose most famous brainchild was Karabash. Under Urquhart, things at the Ridder mine literally and figuratively went uphill, and soon there was a revolution, and the Soviets took over industrialization. From the village of Riddersky, the working settlement of Ridder was formed in 1927, in 1934 it became a city, and in 1941, for obvious reasons, it was renamed Leninogorsk. In Leninogorsk it remained in the memory of many, and although the name Ridder is more sonorous, shorter and simpler for the Kazakh ear, in Altai many call it the old fashioned way. The city became Ridder again in 2002, and they delayed the renaming for so long because there were other options: I could well be writing now not about Ridder, but about Kunaev. If Nursultan Nazarbayev came from the ferrous metallurgy of Temirtau, then the previous Elbasy Dinmuhammed Akhmedovich was involved in polymetals and during the war was the director of the Ridder mine. And this position was much more important than it seems: during the war, 80% of Soviet lead was mined here, that is, most of the bullets and shells fired at enemies “flew” from here.
The former Leninogorsk is a Soviet city in its appearance, but even after Ust-Kamenogorsk it impresses with the total predominance of Slavic people. These may have been the cities of Northern Kazakhstan under the Soviets:
The bus, meanwhile, drove through almost the entire Ridder and stopped in the Old Town - the uppermost area in front of the mine. A couple of hundred meters from the bus station is St. Nicholas Church, rebuilt from a bank building (1939). It was equipped as a temple in 1997, and a high bell tower was built in 2010, and the fact that the matter did not continue with the construction of a large white cathedral in the city center is perhaps the most visual difference between Ridder and the cities of Russia. Behind the temple, pay attention - a high dump:
I was much more puzzled by the house with a mezzanine near the temple. Alas, the characteristic of the Kazakh Altai is an extreme lack of information about architectural monuments, so I never found a single line about the origin of this house. But after visiting the mining hinterlands of the Urals, I am almost sure that this is some kind of house of a mining boss or a factory headquarters of the early 19th century. However, as he writes makeev_dv , I was mistaken - this is a standard house with 2 apartments according to the 1949 project.
The lane where it stands leads to the main street in the Old Town, Kurek, which the old people called Palochnaya - along it they drove workers who had committed fines through the gauntlet. Riddersk was a large village (3-4 thousand inhabitants in the 1850s - this is more than many cities), but like any other village in Rudny Altai, it was an incredibly gloomy place, essentially a legalized labor camp, where assigned workers had a it was worse than that of the convicts - they would do their work and go free, and then work until the end of their days, or at least until they become completely ill. Only in 1849 did this penal servitude receive a sentence of 35 years upon birth; from 1852 - 25 years, and then the collapse of Rudny Altai was no longer far away. Children of workers in the documents were listed as “mining children” and entered the service at the age of 12, but in fact, in our country, as in Dickens’s England, child labor was exploited. The children crushed the ore and measured the sizes of the pieces with their mouths, which, to put it mildly, was not good for their health. I was told many terrible stories about the local past - people most actively fled from the “cabinet” lands in search of Belovodye. For example, one day a certain boss put 13 workers in a vat of ice water for exceeding the plan- not for long, so as to be discouraging, but got distracted by some guests. When two hours later he remembered the workers, seven of them died, and the remaining five were not pumped out, but, judging that “they would get there,” they carried them to the death room. A more reliable case is when the boss walled up an obstinate old man named Maltsev alive in an old adit. If there was an accident in the mine, someone could very well incriminate himself in murder, so that after years of hard labor he could leave the mines altogether. Well, as the end of all these horrors - the work schedule: workers worked 12 hours a day one week during the day, the second week at night, and the third week they rested... and it’s easy, I think, to guess how they rested. Everyone drank in Rudny Altai - young and old, Kerzhak and Kazakh. History, with a description of the working way of life. And although the huts themselves along Stick Street were most likely built later, perhaps under Urquhart, the stick road itself remained.
But the platbands on many houses are good, and do not really remind of the dark past:
At the end of the street is school No. 12, built in the 1930s:
I was puzzled by the entrance with a turntable - usually these are made where cattle roam, but here, in addition to the turntable, there is also a whole obstacle course with a single bridge.
Opposite the school there are several barracks from the same era, but with an individual entrance to each apartment. The industrial zone hugs Ridder on both sides, and those pipes belong to the Leninogorsk polymetallic plant near the center:
And the Ridder GOK hangs over the Old Town from the other side, systematically devouring the domed mountain. The set of metals is generally the same - zinc, lead, copper and antimony, with a little silver and gold.
And in general, Old Ridder looks something like this - black huts, lush greenery, soggy mud underfoot, fog on the mountains and smoke above the chimneys. We walked around the secondary streets, but what was different from the previous shots was this hoopoe, which was being watched by a cat from the alley:
At the other (relative to the school) end of Kurek Street, constructivism suddenly appeared. On one side of the street there is a former factory kitchen:
On the other is Chetyrka, a four-story House of Specialists and Mine Management (1933):
Moreover, I would say that this is the best (in its current, not its original form) monument of constructivism in Kazakhstan. Because Kazakhstan is incredibly poor in this style - I can immediately recall several buildings (but they were hopelessly and repeatedly removed), the DKR in, some train stations and some other little things. This house among them is, if not the most perfect, then certainly the most authentic.
Behind the house there is a monument. I don’t know whether only two workers perished in the local mines over a hundred years, or whether this is just a monument to just one tragedy. On May 26, 1929, a fire broke out in the Sokolny mine, the old foreman Vasily Priezzhev died, and then the rescuer Ivan Nemykh, who participated in his search, died.
The monument faces a park, and the park in Old Ridder is very extensive, but is an incredibly pathetic sight. In fact, half of the park is no longer there - only vacant lots between sparse trees, and in these vacant lots a Kazakh woman with a couple of children grazed two cows. I really wanted to take a picture of them, but they apparently understood how it looked from the outside, so any glance I had in their direction turned into a much more intent gaze from them in my direction. I didn’t want to check whether the cow understood the command “Fas!”
We left the park again to the bus station and walked leisurely down Kirova Street, leading to the city center through the floodplain of the Bystrushka and Khariuzovka rivers, built up with the same huts. Along the way there is a funny turtle house from Stalin's times:
And carved houses with platbands:
There was a drunk lying on the bank of one of the rivers near the bridge, and we tried to calm him down - it was still not hot at all, and at night he had every chance of not catching a cold like that. It was not possible to push him away, and a couple of passersby to whom we turned gloomily answered, “What do we have to do with this?” I didn’t call anyone, but maybe it was right - three hours later, driving past the same place to the bus station, I didn’t find a drunken body by the river.
Meanwhile, beyond Khariuzovskaya the border of the Old Town is already visible - the huts are replaced by Stalin buildings:
The center is no longer the village of Ridderskoye, but the city of Leninogorsk is opened by a powerful Stalin with stucco and a peeling date:
Opposite is the lyceum building, decorated with mosaics:
And the next house is from the 1930s...
Looks at the powerful intersection of 5 directions, marked by a monument to Kirov. To the right, Pobeda and Bezgolosva streets lead to the station, and the greenery on the left is the beginning of the boulevard on Independence Avenue:
On opposite sides of its beginning are a pair of symmetrical houses, the left one of which is sided almost to the top. But I didn’t photograph it so much as I photographed the snow clouds on the mountains - a stunning sight for a plains dweller:
Then we'll go down Pobeda Street. Almost at the monument to Kirov is the former school No. 8. Despite the “pioneer” badge and the Russian-language inscription, it is called “Shanyrak”, and now it is Kazakh, and at the same time a show-off - passing by at the end of lessons, we saw exclusively Asian faces, and for many children, parents came in very good cars. There are few Kazakhs in Ridder, but there are more in all sorts of grain-earning positions.
What attracted me to this side was a tall brick chimney of a completely pre-revolutionary appearance. The building in the foreground is the Kazzinc office, and something from the 1930s may well be hiding under the siding:
I wanted to see where the pipe grew from, but nothing interesting was found there. The building, similar to an old warehouse, is a completely remake. The pipe belonged, attention, to the bathhouse!
Victory Street led us to a quiet station. The first horse-drawn narrow-gauge railway from here to Ust-Kamenogorsk with its Irtysh port was built by Leslie Urquhart in 1916. A full-fledged railway was built in 1934-37, and at that time it was clearly one of the most difficult (per kilometer of track) in the Soviet Union. Its station was originally called Ridder, but even with the return of the historical name to the city it remained Leninogorsk. Three trains run from here - to Ust-Kamenogorsk (Zashchita station), to Astana and, suddenly, to Tomsk, as a reminder that the Ridder volost was part of the Zmeinogorsk district of the Tomsk province. Locals unanimously call this route “political”, which is supported so that it will be... but we know that this is not about Russian Railways.
At the station, cows got in the way of traffic:
At a distance is a plank barracks. This Chapaev street is a kind of “internal bypass” of the center, along the railway leading to the Baiterek entrance entrance. Frames No. 13 (where the wooden sculptures are cut out) are also from her.
We went back to the center. The hospital building, despite its discreet appearance, is post-war, according to a standard design of 1948 - in general, I have noticed more than once that in the first years after the war, constructivism was briefly revived in the USSR, and without being officially called that way:
The Ridder yard is completely ordinary, not counting the snow-capped mountains in the distance:
Coming out onto Independence Avenue, I saw in the park behind it a low building that looked like a pre-revolutionary house. But having reasoned that there was nowhere to find a pre-revolutionary woman in this part of the city, and therefore it was probably a remake, and I was tired and hungry, I didn’t go up to him. It turned out - very in vain, since this is the only official architectural monument in Ridder - an old library, and now the Party office, built according to the design of the exiled Pole Franz Ivanchuk. It was not the tsarist authorities who exiled him from the Privislen provinces, but the Soviets from Moscow in the 1930s, and in Ridder Ivanchuk became the main architect of the era of “high Stalinism.” But he managed to build this library before the war. In general, it’s a shame we didn’t approach her - there’s only a terrible old photo on the Internet:
1930s and the Mayakovsky cinema, although it has long been no longer a cinema, but a furniture store:
Stalinka buildings along the boulevard are becoming more powerful:
And as I understand it, the entire subsequent ensemble is also the brainchild of Ivanchuk:
The avenue leads out to the huge (100 by 600 meters) Independence Square, piercing its side:
A little beyond the square there was a cafe "Lakomka", seemingly a good old Soviet canteen, which turned out to be an unexpectedly pleasant place - the food is delicious, and there is Wi-Fi, and next to us, well-groomed-looking Russian women were sitting around a laptop and apparently brainstorming what some project.
From the side of the Ulbinsky ridge on the square there is the Palace of Culture and, apparently on Ilyich’s pedestal, a modest monument to Philip Ridder with the inscription “This mine was opened by me on Trinity Day, May 31.” There was another drunk man on the bench, but we didn’t bother him - the place was crowded, someone would react.
Against the backdrop of the Ivanovo Range there is a square with sculptures of deer, bears and dancing Kazakh women:
And behind it is the Eternal Flame. In Altai, these monuments are often made in a ring (Barnaul, Slavgorod) - because the brave guys from the village in Altai, without whom front-line prose cannot do, did not descend from the mountains of the Altai Republic, but came from Barnaul villages and East Kazakhstan mining hinterlands. And it’s impossible to fit all the names on a straight wall:
At the end of the square there are five-story buildings with constructivist-looking ends, although judging by the dates on the fronts, they were built in the 1960s:
Gagarin Avenue, on which the Eternal Flame stands, is also the extreme street, behind it is the Sokolok Park climbing up the hills:
The hills near the city stadium are also treeless, and we, of course, climbed up to admire the city from there. This is what Ridder looks like from above, and looking ahead I will say that it looks like small Ust-Kamenogorsk or big Zyryanovsk - the cities of Rudny Altai, although each with its own characteristics, are generally similar, like relatives. And always - with tall smoking chimneys against the backdrop of mountains.
LPK (Leninogorsk Polymetallic Plant) was built in the late 1930s with the launch of the railway. Notice (this is better seen in the frame above) how bald the mountain is in the direction of the smoke:
Behind the hills are several more small areas. The Gromotukha valley cuts deeply into the Ivanovsky ridge. Ridder is not only a mining town, but also a ski town, and even in this sense it seems to be quite good.
To the left, from behind the hill, a mosque appeared, by the way, named after Kunaev, and behind it the newest and most colorful 6th microdistrict in the city. This is not accidental: Kazakhization differs from Ukrainization in that it is done quietly, but smartly - for example, through a resettlement program from the south to the north of the country. Kuchma or Yushchenko did not think of creating conditions for the mass movement of Galicians to Crimea, but Nazarbayev with his “Galicia” () and “Crimea” (Altai) organized this. In these houses, most of the apartments were given to southern Kazakhs:
The end of the hill is chewed up by a quarry, behind which there are all sorts of stadiums and swimming pools... and the prospect of the Ulba valley. The woman in the foreground, seeing our cameras, tried to tell us something about the barbaric cutting down of public gardens... but realizing that we were not journalists, she apologized. A common occurrence in general in non-tourist places is a camera as a sign of a terrorist or a journalist.
Having gone down the hill, we returned to Gagarin Avenue. In its last quarters there are ordinary Khrushchev houses:
Only when I realized that I don’t remember any monuments to Abai, Abylai, or other heroes of Kazakh history in Ridder. Maybe they are, but not in the most prominent places. And here is a monument to the Afghans with a shot through star:
And, judging by the appearance of it very slowly, a chapel-monument is being built:
But the most interesting thing here is the thick pipes, through which, as if across a canal, many bridges are thrown - somewhere capital, and somewhere from scrap materials. . And the funny thing is that this is really a canal: the pipes belong to the Leninogorsk cascade of hydroelectric power stations - one of the most interesting projects at the dawn of GOELRO. In general, it is Rudny Altai that is the cradle of Russian hydropower, and the first Bystrushinskaya hydroelectric power station in Ridder (1916) was far from the first in these parts at all. In 1925-30, the Verkhne-Khariuzovskaya and Nizhne-Kharizovskie hydroelectric power stations were added to it, in 1931-37 - the much more powerful Ulbinskaya hydroelectric power station, and in 1949 - the Tishinskaya hydroelectric station, which replaced the Bystrushinskaya and Nizhne-Kharizovskaya hydroelectric power station. The result is a very interesting system: 30 km from the city there is the Maloublinskoye reservoir, which in fact is a hard-to-reach and picturesque mountain lake; its water, if necessary, is discharged into Gromotukha, where the Khariuzovskaya hydroelectric station operates. But Gromotukha and Tikhaya will merge someday, but in a straight line there are 4 kilometers between them and a decent slope, and these pipes connect the hydroelectric station at Gromotukha and the hydroelectric station at Tikhaya. In general, a rather clever design, simpler of course in, but clearly more complicated in Dushanbe. Alas, the taxi driver we approached politely refused to take us to the power plants (and obviously on the principle of “no matter what happens”), and we were too lazy to go ourselves. Therefore, here is just a photo of the diversion canal against the backdrop of the Ivanovo Mountains:
The most interesting view of these mountains opens on May 9th. In Ridder there is a tradition on the evening of Victory Day to light a star on one of the squirrels from torches stuck in the snow, and the star burns over the city accompanied by volleys of fireworks. , how it is highlighted, and about the celebration of May 9 in the most Russian-speaking city of Kazakhstan in general.
In general, although at first I hesitated whether to go to Ridder (his brother Zyryanovsk was still in the plans), but in the end I was impressed by the former Leninogorsk. I would say that Ridder alone will give a more complete impression of Rudny Altai than the rest of Rudny Altai without Ridder.
But in the next part we will descend into the Kazakh steppe beyond the Irtysh, where it is no longer Altai, but the Kalba Mountains.
ALTAI-2017
. Trip review and TABLE OF CONTENTS series.
Northern Altai (Altai Territory/Altai Republic)
. Barnaul and Belokurikha.
(2011)
(2011)
. Gorno-Altaisk, Maima, Kamlak.
Altai in general
. Regions and peoples.
. The land of six religions.
. At the origins of the Turkic world.
. Maral breeding.
Kazakh Altai - there will be posts!
Ridder. City in Rudny Altai.
Sibinsky lakes and Ak-Baur.
Ust-Kamenogorsk. General color.
Ust-Kamenogorsk. Zhastar Park.
Ust-Kamenogorsk. Old city.
Ust-Kamenogorsk. Industrial areas and stations.
Ust-Kamenogorsk. Left Bank Park.
Rudny Altai. Serebryansk and Bukhtarma.
Rudny Altai. Zyryanovsk.
Katon-Karagay and Bolshenarym. Kazakh Mountain Altai.
Bukhtarma. Korobikha, Uryl and the other side of Belukha.
Mongolian Altai - there will be posts!
Non-Altai Kazakhstan - see CONTENTS!
Alma-Ata. General 2017.
Alma-Ata. Talgar Pass, or a trip beyond the clouds.
.
. Mounds, village and lake.
Astana. Miscellaneous-2017.
Astana. Continuation of Nur-Zhol Boulevard.
.
Steppe Altai - see CONTENTS!
The city of Ridder is located in the northeast of Kazakhstan, has geographic coordinates of 50 degrees north latitude and 83 degrees east longitude, and an altitude of 811 m.
In the Leninogorsk depression, a landscape of mountain forest-steppe type is developed: dark coniferous taiga, mixed forests, shrubs and tall herbs. A significant area is occupied by a pine forest located in the vicinity of Ridder. Widespread use of land for economic purposes is difficult due to the mountainous terrain. The region has a well-developed network of rivers, many small watercourses and streams. All rivers are mountainous, with rapid currents and rocky beds. The source of water supply for the city of Ridder is the Maloulbinskoye reservoir, located in a mountain basin. The area of the mirror is 3.7 km 2, the volume is 84 million m 3. Cold radon waters have been identified in the region, which can be used for medicinal purposes.
The climate is sharply continental, characterized by cold long winters, moderately cool summers, large annual and daily fluctuations in air temperature.
The city of Ridder is part of the Ust-Kamenogorsk agglomeration, has promising deposits of polymetallic ores, is provided with water and forest resources, and resources for the production of building materials.
Polymetallic deposits are characterized by a predominance of lead-zinc ores containing gold, silver, cadmium, antimony, arsenic, tin, iron, sulfur and other elements. Deposits of building materials are represented by raw bricks, sand and gravel mixtures and sands.
Story
The city of Ridder was founded in 1786 as the village of Ridder and named after the mining engineer Philip Ridder, the discoverer of ore deposits. The history of the city of Ridder is associated with the exploitation of polymetallic ore deposits discovered at the end of the 17th century.
Before the establishment of Soviet power, the Ridder deposits belonged to the English entrepreneur Urquhart, who quickly organized production, built a small power plant, an enrichment plant and laid a railway to Ust-Kamenogorsk. In May 1918, a decree was signed on the nationalization of Ridder enterprises and their transfer to Soviet power. Already in the 20s, regular exploitation of the Ridder and other deposits began. In 1923, an experimental electrolyte plant began producing zinc. During the first five-year plans, Ridder became one of the main suppliers of non-ferrous metals in the country. After the Great Patriotic War, mass construction of housing, cultural and public service facilities, road networks and other engineering networks and communications began .
Currently, the city of Ridder is an industrial region of the East Kazakhstan region. The basis of the region's economy is the mining, metallurgical and engineering industries. In the long term, the city has high economic development potential.
Territory
3.4 thousand sq. km (1.2% of the territory of the East Kazakhstan region)
Borders
The administrative territory of the city of Ridder borders the Altai Republic of the Russian Federation. The distance from the city of Ridder to the border with the Russian Federation is 62 km. In 2006, construction of the Kazakhstan section of the Ridder-Border with the Altai Republic highway was completed. The issue of construction of the Russian section of the road with a length of 242 km is at the decision stage. The commissioning of the road opens up the possibility of transit communication and delivery of goods from the Altai Republic to the markets of Central Asia and Kazakhstan.
Distance from Ridder to:
Ust-Kamenogorsk – 105 km,
Semey – 303 km,
Almaty – 1184 km,
Astana – 1188 km.
Population
The population of the city of Ridder is 58,057 people.
Infrastructure
In the city of Ridder there are 15 secondary schools, 2 colleges, 15 preschool institutions, 3 additional education institutions. The Ridder postal center operates, which includes a central operational area, 5 city post offices, 2 postal points and a payment acceptance point at the Ridder Public Service Center.
Production
The priority areas for the development of the Ridder region are the mining industry and related industries of metallurgy and mechanical engineering.
The city-forming enterprise Kazzinc LLP and its subsidiaries are the main employer and source of the city budget. Their structure employs 7.7 thousand people, or 24% of the 32 thousand economically active population.
In order to further build up the industrial potential, the city-forming enterprise of the region and its structural divisions provide for the expansion of the mining base and the modernization of metallurgical and mechanical engineering production.
In the structure of the economy, industrial production makes up 74.5%, agriculture - 1.2%, construction - 7.8%, service sector - 16.5%.
Main industries:
- mining (share 1.6%), employing 3,439 people or 21.8% of the total number of employees;
- metallurgical (share 68.4%), employing 963 people or 6.1% of the total number of employees;
- mechanical engineering (share of 12%), employs 2,126 people or 13.5% of the total number of employees;
- electricity supply (share 6.4%), employs 775 people or 4.8% of the total number of employees;
- water supply and sanitation (share 0.6%), employs 191 people or 1.2% of the total number of employees;
- other – (share 11%), employing 8,240 people or 52.6%.
The mining industry is represented by the Ridder mining and processing complex of Kazzinc LLP, which includes three mines and a processing plant. The Ridder mining and processing complex specializes in the extraction and processing of polymetallic ores. The metallurgical industry is represented by the Ridder metallurgical complex Kazzinc LLP, which processes zinc concentrates and produces zinc, cadmium, and sulfuric acid.
The mechanical engineering industry is represented by Kazzincmash LLP, Kazzinc-Remservice LLP RMP, Kazzinc-Remservice LLP RGOP, Vostokmontazh LLP, Ail LLP.
The industry of electricity supply, gas supply, steam and air conditioning is represented by Ridder CHPP JSC, L-TVK LLP, LK HPP LLP, VK REC JSC.
The water supply and sanitation industries are represented by LK GES LLP, L-TVK LLP and KGP at Vodokanal.
Land resources
The total area of agricultural land in circulation is 13,835 hectares, the total area of industrial land is 3,442 hectares, the area of land in state reserve is 17,366 hectares.
Labor resources
As of September 1, 2017, there were 336 unemployed people registered with the department of employment and social programs. There are 253 vacancies announced on the labor market, the filling of which is difficult because applicants do not meet the qualification requirements of employers.
As part of measures to ensure employment, 254 new jobs were created, 27 people were sent to youth practice, 36 social jobs were organized, 53 people were sent to training and retraining. 188 unemployed people were recruited to participate in public works.
The employment rate was 66.2% of the total number of applicants.
Personnel potential
Ridder Agricultural and Technical College (full-time and part-time courses) – 990 students, including:
Forestry, gardening and landscape construction – 303;
Record keeping and archiving – 16;
Underground mining of mineral deposits – 156;
Mineral beneficiation – 127;
Accounting and audit – 63;
Maintenance, repair and operation of motor vehicles – 76;
Maintenance and repair of mining electromechanical equipment – 90;
Metallurgy of non-ferrous metals – 121;
Technical operation, repair and maintenance of electrical and electromechanical equipment – 38.
KSU "Ridder Multidisciplinary College" - 376 students, including:
Automotive crane operator – 50;
Bulldozer driver – 22;
Cook – 54;
Tiler - 23;
Electrician for repair and maintenance of electrical equipment - 74;
Electric and gas welder – 64;
Turner – 22;
Confectioner – 40;
Mechanical technician – 14;
Bricklayer – 13.
Investment potential
In 2017, the investment project of Kazzinc LLP - “Opening, additional exploration and development of the Dolinnoye deposit”, included in the business development map for 2017-2021, as well as 23 small and medium-sized business projects aimed at developing the tourism industry - is being implemented in the Ridder region , construction industry, modernization of existing and construction of new food industry facilities, development of agriculture through the creation of dairy farms.
Demand for labor resources
Newspaper correspondent, courier, personal assistant,
store salesperson or product demonstrator, janitor, music director, psychologist, HR inspector, laboratory assistant, appraiser, field security systems engineer, marketer, store administrator, sales manager, Internet manager, assistant manager, home operator, PR - specialist, information manager,
accountant, individual entrepreneur SHAK administrator.
Tourist potential
The region has 7 recreation centers, 2 ski resorts, 3 public tourism organizations, 9 hotels.
Republican state institution "West Altai State Nature Reserve" of the Committee of Forestry and Wildlife of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Located at: Ridder city, st. Semipalatinskaya, 9.
The area of the protected area is 54,533 hectares.
Republican state enterprise with the right of economic management "Altai Botanical Garden" of the Science Committee of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Located at: Ridder city, st. Ermakova, 1.
The area of the protected area is 154 hectares.