Course work

Executor:

Michurina Ksenia,

student FS-45, full-time department

Scientific supervisor: Parshin.Yu.M.

Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor

………………………………………….

Introduction

Chapter 1. Holiday as a cultural phenomenon. general characteristics

1.1 Emotional and psychological content of the holiday phenomenon

Chapter 2. Analysis and forecasting of trends in the development of the holiday calendar

2.1 Features of holidays in a modern city

2.3 Analysis of the components of the festive complex using the example of the celebration of the 400th anniversary of Samara

Conclusion

Bibliography

Introduction

Holidays are an important element of modern culture. Culture is the national memory of a people, what distinguishes a given people from others, protects a person from depersonalization, allows him to feel the connection of times and generations, receive spiritual support and support in life. Holidays perform consolidating and educational functions. This also applies to city holidays.

The emergence of the city as a center of industry and trade, a center of cultural and educational institutions, led to the formation of new realities: a special urban way of life, the mentality of the population; as well as a special festive culture, the manifestations of which often conflicted with traditional rural festivity.

The city as a collection of heterogeneous elements (different social groups, nationalities, forms of activity) over time forms a palette of city holidays, which gradually develop into a special system that makes up the city’s holiday calendar. The established holiday calendar becomes a kind of folk memory and holiday chronicle of the city. Moreover, local thematic or “specific” holidays play an important role here, based on the events of the history of a given city and reflecting its specifics.

Relevance of the topic due, firstly, to the fact that in conditions of erosion of traditions, it is very important to maintain a sense of national identity among the population, an understanding of belonging to a small Motherland. Secondly, the need to consolidate, on the basis of common holiday traditions, a socially and nationally heterogeneous urban population.

Thirdly, because holiday culture tends to develop, people’s perceptions of the holiday are changing, interest in theatrical performances and the importance of being a participant in the mass action are increasing.

Problem is that in recent years, especially among young people, there has been a noticeable increase in interest in the diverse forms and genres of festive activities. A return to folk art is an objective and natural process that is more important than ever today due to its unifying and accumulating force, which can ensure the preservation of the people as a nation. By the beginning of the 21st century, festive culture had become stratified and sharply differentiated. There has been a clear change in value orientations. The modern holiday calendar is quite chaotic. It is difficult to notice a coherent system in it, and most importantly, the trends leading to the streamlining of public leisure in various holiday systems, introducing rhythm into the social space of significant events, are not visible. The destruction of the system of holiday traditions leads to a state of futility, a break in continuity and a weakening of the cultural connection between generations, the destruction of the unity of the socio-cultural space, the unclear status of religious holiday culture, the lack of coordination of new public holidays, and an increase in the number of various kinds of local “introduced” holidays.

Object studying is the festive culture of modern society.

Item- study of the features of the “City Day” holiday as a modern holiday complex

Goal of the work- by considering the history of the celebration of “City Day”, characterize the current level of festive culture in Samara

In connection with the consideration of this topic, a number of tasks are identified:

1. Expand the content of the concept of “holiday”, showing its functions and structure.

2. Characterize the features of city holidays, highlighting the features that distinguish them from traditional holiday culture.

3. Analyze the formation of local thematic holidays using the example of the city day, showing their significance.

4. Using the example of the history of the celebration of the city day in Samara, show the formation of the event basis of city holidays.

5. Consider the development of festive traditions of the city day. Analysis

6. Practical analysis of the components of the festive complex using the example of the celebration of the 400th anniversary of Samara

Chapter 1. Holiday as a cultural phenomenon. general characteristics

1. 1 Emotional and psychological content of the holiday phenomenon

The term “holiday” and its equivalents in other languages ​​belongs to the vocabulary of everyday speech and is often used. As an example, we can refer to the fact that the French equivalent of this term, the word “fete,” belongs to the thousand most frequently used French words, and the same frequency of use is the word “fiesta,” denoting a holiday in Spanish. A modern Polish dictionary defines a holiday (“swieto”) as “a day, usually free from work, solemnly celebrated for religious or state reasons.” The Linde Dictionary explains a holiday as “a day that is solemnly celebrated, celebrated, especially in memory of a saint.”

In Russian, the term “holiday” comes from the adjective “idle”, meaning “not busy”, “idle time” - a period when you do not need to work, when you can be idle (if we are talking about time). In the new edition of the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, the meaning of the word “holiday” is revealed in the article “holidays” as follows: “Days dedicated to outstanding events or traditional dates (2. P. 324).

So, there are a number of definitions of the concept “holiday”. Therefore, let us dwell on a generalized characteristic that implies two approaches to defining the holiday phenomenon:

1. The holiday is viewed from sacred (mystical) positions as a special time during which the boundaries between the world of the living and the dead, between historical time and “this”, mythical time are violated.

2. A holiday is considered as a time period that highlights and marks the most significant events in the life of a state, people, or social group (3. P. 31).

Thus, two main approaches to defining the term “holiday” have been identified; of course, there are many more, but for us the above are of greatest importance. In our work, we will make a reservation, we will use the working definition of a “holiday” - an event established in a temporary space, with public functions and a regulated structure. When we use the term “holiday” in our work, we are based on the second, secular or etiquette meaning of this concept.

Even a brief analysis of the origin and meaning of the term “holiday” in several languages ​​that occupy a prominent place in the history of European culture reveals elements that are important for the researcher. The holiday is semantically connected with free time, with a certain ritual, time of idleness, dance, reception, fun and feasting. It is associated with religious cult and with important dates in the history of the people and the state, with labor law and the organization of production, with the traditions of social movements, with their aspirations, slogans, celebrations and demonstrations on certain days.

According to Archpriest Dimitry Smirnov (ROC MP): “A secular holiday is the day of remembrance of a saint, celebrated at the state level.” Due to the many reforms that the Soviet government carried out over the years of its existence, including because of the language reform, the meaning of the word “secular” was distorted in our minds. The holiday as such required different things at different times, but several parameters remain common: respect for the holiday itself (“the holiday is holy - all business is asleep” - you couldn’t work on holidays), transformation of everything around - unusual outfits of the streets and residents were required; respect for each other - the holiday was a peaceful moment, especially a secular one: on holidays they often granted mercy, granted amnesties to criminals, and so on (4. P. 69)..

The holiday allows people to better understand the meaning of life, so we are not talking about the values ​​of the holiday - they are always secondary, transitory - but about the values ​​that permeate all life, which in ordinary times are necessarily hidden from most people and which in special times, in holiday period, are always manifested, confirmed and updated. All past experience in the history of human culture confirms that the need for a holiday in the life of society is universal and constant, despite all the variability of forms of celebration. In order to penetrate into the essence of spectacular art, it is necessary not only to analyze them as a phenomenon of today's reality, but also to know the stages of formation and development of various types of spectacle (3. P. 88).

City Day is a holiday of cities (Russia and the former USSR), usually dedicated to weekends (Sundays).

1.2 Components of the holiday complex

The study of holiday traditions has shown that the holiday as a complex phenomenon has a certain composition, or complex, the identification of which reveals the nature and degree of existence of the holiday. The composition of a holiday, or holiday complex, refers to the various components presented in it that carry a certain semantic meaning and function at the level of everyday life. An examination of the festive complex ultimately reveals the degree of its traditionalism.

Isolating the components of a holiday does not mean its mechanical division. All its parts are closely connected and interpenetrated. The composition of a particular holiday, its festive complex, can be more or less complete, which is primarily due to the peculiarities of its formation. In general, the totality of components that make up the holiday complex characterizes the holiday as a cultural and everyday phenomenon.

In various holidays that exist these days, we consider it possible, following E.A. Keller identifies three main components: solemn-official and mass-entertainment, related to public life, and domestic-everyday, inherent in the home sphere (5. P. 60-61).

In modern public holidays, which this chapter is devoted to, the solemn component directly expresses the ideological foundations of the holiday and serves to strengthen them. Its arena is always public places (palaces of culture, clubs, theaters, parks, stadiums, etc.). The forms of manifestation are specific and well-established. Soviet holidays, for example, are characterized by meetings, rallies, and demonstrations. By their origin, they are associated with the international labor movement and signify a certain level of formation of revolutionary celebrations.

The forms of mass entertainment component are very diverse and have different origins. This festive part is perhaps the most mobile, as it is subject to a constant, both spontaneous and purposeful search for forms, which is caused by the desire to make holiday leisure the most interesting and in line with the spirit of the times. (6. P. 82).

The domestic part of the holiday, unlike the first two, takes place in the sphere of family life, and its arena is the home and family, respectively. The forms of this component of the holiday, compared to others, took shape over a long period of time. They are stable and to the greatest extent have ethnic specificity, which is manifested in such elements of material and spiritual culture as festive food, feasting, visiting, etc. Despite a certain conservatism of the domestic component, it is also subject to change (6. P. 83) .

Public holidays form a separate specific sphere of festive life. Its features are associated, first of all, with the nature of public holidays as an ideological phenomenon. The ideological orientation underlying this group of holidays is at the same time the driving force behind their development.

Ritual and game elements of old calendar holidays appear in a traditional or transformed form in new seasonal holidays, specially created and constructed mainly by professional specialists on a traditional basis. The connection with the archaic and later holiday traditions and the forms of connection are very different. This is largely explained by the peculiarities of the formation of such modern celebrations aimed at preserving the national flavor.

One of the components of the cultural space is the festive space. Festive space as a phenomenon of festive culture is of particular interest to us. This is a multifactorial and multidimensional system, a specific phenomenon of festive culture, which determines a special form of social behavior. Festive space is a transformed space, it is determined by the meaning of the holiday and is recognizable by participants in festive actions (3. P. 87). Characteristic features of the festive space include clear time frames. It is temporary in relation to everyday, everyday space; its artificiality is fraught with playfulness, decorativeness, and sometimes even feigned aesthetics.

Festive space is a multifactorial and multidimensional system, a specific phenomenon of festive urban culture, which determines a special form of social behavior. The archetype of a festive space is associated with certain constants that transform it and endow it with a festive meaning. These constants are: compositional center, language, tempo-rhythm, color, sound, type of movement.

The characteristic features of the festive space are the time frames designed for holiday time. This space is temporary in relation to everyday, everyday space; it is distinguished by artificiality in relation to everyday space, it is “composed”, created, stylized, specially decorated, dressed up, striving for “beauty”.

The festive space is endowed with a certain meaning, decorativeness and aesthetic function. The entire palette of the festive space (holiday decorations, special temporary buildings, symbolic attributes, etc.) “works” for the festive atmosphere and corresponds to the type of holiday. Each type of holiday has its own special rules, its own structure, aesthetics associated with space. In a technological sense, the functionality of the holiday space is determined by the location of the action, determines the role functions of the participants in the holiday, and depends on the stylistic features of everyday space (5. P. 39). Games and gaming practice are associated with the phenomenon of holidays.

As for holidays in the secular sense, which is inherent in modern cultures, they are characterized not only by solemnity, a special emotional uplift, but also by the fact that this is a time of active leisure, entertainment, and fun. The ritual component is kept to a minimum and is subordinated to mass entertainment events, festivities and games (11. p. 49).

And, in conclusion, if we consider holiday culture as a set of “...communications unfolding in festive space and time,” then, according to the Polish researcher K. Zhigulsky, the following components can be distinguished (12. P. 112).

1. Spatio-temporal, including festive space and time.

2. Structural and content component, including decorations, actions (animation events), costumes of participants, festive meals, and a gift system.

3. Ideological component: the holiday should be based on a certain ideologeme, event. It must be connected with real (even if distorted in the minds of descendants) or sacred events of religious and mythological origin. In this case, the event itself should be perceived as a significant and positive symbol (12. P. 112).

A similar, albeit more detailed, description of festive events is offered by culturologist I.I. Shangina (13. P. 111), identifying the following components: a) festive time, b) festive space, c) subjective-personal (participants in the action), d) ritual, e) ideological

1.3 Drama and directing of public holidays

A mass holiday is an unusual phenomenon, synthesizing reality and art, artistically designing one or another real life event.

Mass holidays can be attributed to dual phenomena that preserve the original syncretism of artistic and utilitarian principles. At the same time, obviously, one cannot underestimate the fact that a holiday is a complex phenomenon and some of its components, for example, a mass theatrical performance, represent independent artistic values.

The art of a mass celebration, performance, spectacle is the art of high ideas, purposefulness and civic pathos, which at the same time requires vivid imagery, associativity, an original, bold creative concept, which is the first guarantee of success and interest of the viewer.

Means of ideological and emotional impact of a mass holiday:

A living word that creates images that can directly embody and convey the actions, feelings, moods, and experiences of people. It is the living word that creates an atmosphere of communication between the stage and any audience. The poetic word is also an effective tool for the screenwriter and director.

Musical dramaturgy of the script, which is based on the synthesis of ready-made musical works belonging to different composers.

Feature and documentary films. It is used especially successfully in the prologue; it helps, as it were, to transport the participants to the era of certain historical events.

Choreography and sports. The synthesis of sports, choreography and pantomime is an extremely strong and vibrant means of expression in the palette of the screenwriter and director of the mass festival.

Visual means, the great role of visual solutions, sound and light, acting as one of the most important components of theatrical action.

Chapter 2. Analysis and forecasting of holiday calendar development trends

1.3 Features of holding holidays in a modern city

Thus, a traditional folk holiday is semantically connected with free time, a time of idleness, rest, and with joy, fun, with a certain ritual, dance, reception, feasting, consumption, waste. It is appropriate to note that holiday traditions, their composition, ideological orientation, nature of existence, methods of implementation generally reflect the level of development of the material and spiritual culture of the people and at the same time contain rich and varied historical experience accumulated over many centuries of their existence.

A holiday is a necessary condition for social existence; it has existed in all societies since ancient times; “celebration (of all kinds) is an important primary form of human culture.”

City Day is the most widespread holiday in terms of scale, the largest in scope of preparation, because it affects all residents of every city. On this day, festive events are held - speeches by city leaders, parades, processions, fairs, and festive concerts. City Day usually ends with fireworks. As a rule, the celebration begins on the Saturday preceding Sunday (that is, two days: Saturday and Sunday).

The city, as a collection of heterogeneous elements, entailed a diverse palette of city holidays, which gradually took shape into a special system that makes up the city’s holiday calendar. It became a kind of folk memory, a festive chronicle of the city. The city's holiday calendar is based on the traditional calendar, which is based on folk and religious holidays. The traditional holiday calendar is the result of a long cultural process, its structure and form are constantly evolving and improving.

Crowded festivities and holidays have always been part of city life, but for a long time they completely copied the peasant tradition: they were organized on the same calendar dates and in the same forms (mummers at Christmastide, horseback riding and from the icy mountains at Shrovetide, swings at Easter , curling wreaths and round dances “in nature” for Trinity, etc.). The festivities themselves were popularly called “under the mountains” or “under the swings.”

Urban culture (meaning large cities) has turned a folk holiday into a folk festival, in which the meaning of the main elements has changed: instead of a ritual - a game, instead of a local tradition - a mass average culture, and the folklore interpretation of the holiday is replaced by the need for general fun, festive unity and switching from weekdays on holidays. Therefore, folk festivities are close to square fair festivities - the product of the city (16. P. 97). Celebrations in their essence cannot provide a single festive group with the same traditions and attitudes, which is present in a classic folk holiday.

A folk holiday does not involve outside observers or spectators; here, each participant is the creator of the holiday, knowledgeable and actively implementing folk traditions. The party naturally includes outside observers and people who are new to such an atmosphere. The festivities seem to draw all these people in, absorb them and do not emphasize their foreignness (16. P. 98). The folk holiday is not directed; tradition acts as the director. During the festivities, there are certain ways of having fun, so its mandatory elements are attractions, displays of all sorts of outlandish things and other spectacles.

The party requires a scriptwriter and a director, that is, special people who provide the action. In the rural festival, as in the city, there were people who, for example, built ice mountains, but they were obligatory participants in the festival; There were no people in the village who financed the holiday or specifically gave money (treasury, merchants, etc.). To set up booths and fairground buildings in the city, there were special teams of carpenters, painters, etc., special professional entertainers worked, professional police officers monitored the observance of order, individuals provided drinking and food establishments, and much more (16. P. 99).

The above constitutes the specifics of organizing and holding festive events in modern cities. The places and times of festive events are regulated by regulatory documents, and the preparation and conduct of the events themselves is carried out by professionally trained specialists.

Summarizing what has been said, it can be noted that within the framework of the traditional folk (ethnic) culture of any nation, traditions of leisure and holidays have developed. Reflecting the specifics of the historical development of a particular people, they formed complex systems that included customs and rituals, games and competitions, fortune telling, various forms of folklore, etc. Most often, when speaking about the traditional origins of animation, it should be recognized that we are talking about the realities of spiritual culture. All types of animation activities, which will be discussed below, are associated with traditional culture, the realities of which are used in modern practice of organizing leisure time.

2.2 History of the celebration of City Day in Samara

The first mention of Samara dates back to 1367, this is a fact. Even then, the city of Samar was marked on Italian maps on the site of modern Samara, by the way, with the mark “a particularly violent place”... And the fact that Samara celebrates City Day in May is largely an accident. This was the initiative of several officials of the Kuibyshev City Executive Committee, who in 1986 decided that the proletarian month of May was suitable for them to celebrate the 400th anniversary of the city. Historians know that before the revolution, City Day in Samara was celebrated on August 29, that is, September 11 in the new style. This was the case from 1886 to 1917

By decree of Fyodor Ivanovich in 1584, it was decided to found the Samara fortress (renamed a city in 1689). tercentenary of the Decree of Fyodor Ioannovich (a direct relative of the Romanov dynasty), falling in 1886. At the same time, however, two centuries of Samara’s pre-Romanov history were left out of the equation - but how could there be history in the Wild Field, which had not yet become part of Russia? Alabin’s undoubted merit was that before him, no one had ever thought about how old Samara was - 200, 300, 400, 500, not to mention having its own city historical calendar and celebrating its dates. Alabin conducted a colossal propaganda campaign on the occasion of the discovered anniversary, contributing to the growth of interest in the past of Samara.

He also achieved political goals - the attention of Emperor Alexander III, who graciously issued a special permission to celebrate the 300th anniversary of the city in 1886.

Choking in loyal feelings, the Samara City Duma, headed by Alabin, went further, and in order to surely connect the history of the city with the ruling dynasty, it decided “to establish for this celebration a day that for some reason would be especially memorable and kind to the city of Samara,” namely August 29 is the day of Alexander II’s visit to the city, who founded the Cathedral, and the name day of Alexander III himself. For which they also received royal permission. Celebrations on the occasion of the suddenly discovered anniversary were a success, becoming one of the most notable events in the pre-revolutionary history of the city: there were eminent delegations, fireworks and a telegram to His Imperial Majesty, and a response from His Imperial Majesty, and a response to a response, and a response to a response to response (“Thanks”), etc. - and at the head of all this, all in a white uniform, is the actual state councilor P.V. Alabin.

But by creating this system of historical coordinates, Alabin not only presented his contemporaries with the celebration of the 300th anniversary (and we have the 400th anniversary) of the city, having done all those wonderful things that are mentioned above, but also “closed” the topic of Samara of the 14th-15th centuries for a long time, shortening the history cities for at least two centuries. Until 1986, City Day was celebrated in the fall, and after 1986, with the 400th anniversary of Samara, this holiday began to be celebrated in May.

In 1986, the city of Kuibyshev turned 400 years old. This date is also significant because for the first time this year, residents of Kuibyshev celebrated City Day. Colleagues from the organizational department came to Zolotarev and offered to organize a holiday. The first secretary of the city committee supported the initiative. The celebration took place. A performance on the water dedicated to the 400th anniversary of the city was staged on the Volga. Many still remember this grandiose holiday. The entire Volzhsky Prospekt was packed with people, even

there was no room on the roofs of the houses. For the first time, fireworks were held on the Volga. In the same year, the Grushinsky Festival experienced a rebirth. The week of original song on the banks of the Volga was an invaluable gift to the Kuibyshev residents for the anniversary of their hometown.

But we will analyze the last 3 years of city day celebrations.

City Day is a holiday of cities in Russia and the CIS countries. City Day is usually held on weekends. If the city day falls on a weekday, it is often celebrated on the following weekend. City Day is the largest celebration of any city. Many cities hold their City Days on public or professional holidays. For others, this day coincides with the date of liberation from the Nazi invaders during the Second World War. Finally, for some cities, the city day is the day of its foundation or the day it received city status.

In Samara, City Day takes place on the last Sunday of May. Various events are held to mark this event. These could be speeches by city authorities, holiday parades and processions. Most often, the opening of new monuments, the completion of repairs of old ones or the construction of new objects is timed to coincide with the city day. On this day, fairs and festive concerts are held with the participation of pop stars. On the evening of the city day, volleys of festive fireworks sound.

In 2009, the city of Samara turned 423 years old. The traditional holiday dedicated to the birthday was celebrated by the townspeople at the very end of May - on the 30th. This year, the Samara administration prepared a special program, the culmination of which was a laser show of an unprecedented scale. City festivities began on Krasnoarmeysky Descent with a costume ball called “Russia Begins with Pushkin and Gogol.” All interested residents of Samara were taught ancient classical dances - mazurka, polonaise, minuet, krakowiak, children read poems by famous Russian poets and became acquainted with the history of art in Russia and Samara in particular, and adults could try on the image of a city dweller of the past, and even the year before century.

Particular attention in the 2009 City Day celebration program was paid to children. A football festival, balloon launches, sports competitions with valuable prizes and the opportunity to go on rides for free - the city administration made sure that the little townspeople would remember this day for a long time. Adults were also not left out of attention - concerts of famous Samara artists and invited stars, open summer cafes - everything guaranteed a wonderful festive mood for the whole day. A well-thought-out entertainment program for young people and adults was divided into 5 platforms, each of which found its audience. The rock concert with the participation of young stars was most popular among young residents of Samara.

However, the main surprise awaited the townspeople in the evening. The laser-fountain-pyrotechnic show was held in Samara for the first time. To ensure that no one missed anything, a large LED screen was installed near each site, broadcasting everything that was happening online.

2010 Concerts will be held at several venues - performances by a brass band, children's groups, representatives of the city's creative intelligentsia, a gala concert will take place in the evening at Ladya, after which fireworks will go off at 23:00.

The “highlight” of the program will be an innovation that has never been held in Samara before - a retrospective will appear in the morning program of the holiday. “Since this is a purely city holiday, we must show the townspeople what the city has at its heart. Therefore, columns of workers will pass through Kuibyshev Square - representatives of all nine districts of the city and representatives of large municipal enterprises - such as the Samara Metro, Samaravodokanal. 5 thematic platforms will be organized on Krasnoarmeysky Spusk: “Samara children are the best in the world”, “Samara is strong through the friendship of peoples”, “Sports love to be strong”, “Create, invent, try”, and also for the first time the “Cheerful Kids” site will open for preschoolers and their parents.

Traditionally, a youth audience will gather in front of the pool of the CSK VVS. This year the site will have a sports focus: streetball tournaments will be held here.

On Mayakovsky Spusk from 11:00 to 15:00 there will be a concert program with a performance by the municipal children's theater "Zadumka", and from 12:00 to 19:00 the action "Change a cigarette for candy" will take place, as well as an arm wrestling competition.

From 11:00 to 21:00, creative groups from municipal cultural centers will perform on Chkalovsky Spusk. Here, for the first time, youth audiences can take part in the “Dance for Life” campaign aimed at preventing AIDS, as well as learn modern dance. At 18:00 a brass band and a ballroom dance ensemble will perform for the guests of the celebration. A children's party will be held at the site near the Otdykh cafe.

This year, on the 4th stage of the embankment (Ladya), a program of the best creative groups of the city will be presented. The festive event will end with fireworks at 22:30.

Holiday program 2011

On May 29, Samara celebrates her birthday. About what, where and when you can see. This year the holiday will be opened by a solemn procession, with the participation of representatives of the city and district administrations, as well as municipal enterprises. More than 12 thousand people will march in columns from the CSK VVS Sports Palace along the street. Molodogvardeyskaya to Kuibyshev Square. The spectacle will be reminiscent of the May Day demonstration. Demonstrators will form into columns from 10.30 and will be on the square at 12.00. For those who cannot take part in the procession, the GIS TV channel will broadcast the event live.

From 11.00 to 14.00 in the Strukovsky Garden for the seventeenth time the traditional journalistic Festival “Press-2010” will be held, organized by the Samara regional organization of the Union of Journalists of Russia together with the Administration of the Samara City District.

From 11.00 the sites on Mayakovsky and Chkalovsky descents will begin work. The Zadumka municipal theater group will perform on Mayakovsky Spusk, and a children's entertainment area will begin operating on Chkalovsky.

From 12.00 the entire embankment will be open. A very rich program awaits Samarans. 5 thematic platforms will be organized on Krasnoarmeysky Spusk.
One of them is the concert and creative platform “Samara’s children are the best in the world.” Residents will be presented with a gala concert with the participation of laureates of city competitions dedicated to the anniversary of the Victory. Performances by creative groups of children and teachers will alternate with classes at the ballroom dance school. Everyone who comes to the holiday will be able to learn how to dance the polonaise, krakowiak and other dances.

On the same site there will be an exhibition of children's and teachers' arts and crafts, fine art and photography, “I Love You, My Samara.”

18 young artists will paint pictures in the open air dedicated to the feat of their fellow countrymen in the Great Patriotic War.

There will also be a competition among nature experts of the native land on environmental issues.

The “Friendship of the Peoples of Samara is Strong” venue, which will host performances by national groups of the city, students and teachers of national cultural centers and national Sunday schools of the city. The “Sloboda of Crafts Workshops” will also operate here.

"Sports, love, be strong" platform. The family sports and games relay race “Dad, Mom and I – a Glorious Samara Family” will take place here, as well as a children’s city chess tournament. Viewers will also be able to watch demonstration performances of the Youth Sports School - in aerobics, sports dancing, hand-to-hand combat, sports acrobatics, as well as the winners of city breakdancing competitions will demonstrate their skills.

Children's technical creativity platform “Create, invent, try.” There, young modelers will show their radio-controlled and track cars and, for the first time, throwing gliders.

This year, the “Jolly Kids” Playground for preschoolers and their parents will open for the first time. Here the kids will demonstrate their talents at the Gala concert of Samara kindergarten students.

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I remember the first time I attended City Day. It happened in the early 1980s in the city of Sverdlovsk (then still Sverdlovsk!). I came there to visit friends. I arrived in mid-August, and just in time for the City Day celebration.

City Day in Sverdlovsk was a “trick” of the local city and regional authorities, which was then headed by B.N. Yeltsin. My Sverdlovsk friends were proud that there was no such holiday in Moscow itself at that time. They were also proud of Yeltsin, because, unlike many “voiceless” first secretaries of Russian regional committees who stood at attention in front of the capital, he stubbornly “pulled the blanket over himself” and at the very least provided food for the region entrusted to him. That year, Yeltsin was given credit for finally abolishing milk coupons in Sverdlovsk. However, this did not increase the amount of milk. Those who wanted to get hold of them went to the dairy stores early in the morning. But suddenly they began to “throw away” chickens for sale from some local poultry plant, the construction of which, despite the center, with regional funds, the townspeople also attributed to “their” Yeltsin.

During City Day, food abundance was revealed to the people in the central square, where those who were lucky were able to buy cottage cheese, sour cream and sausages. And chickens, of course. So, with string bags at the ready, I and my friends visited several venues where they danced and sang, where girls’ voices rang and girls’ knees shone. The pinnacle of the cultural celebration was the square in front of the famous Polytechnic Institute, where amateur song creators and even local rockers performed! No, my friends were right, this did not happen at that time even in Moscow itself! In Moscow, the first City Day took place only in 1987, during that short time when the Moscow City Committee was headed by the same B.N. Yeltsin. But it was a different time and almost a different country.

City Days had never been celebrated on a large scale before. In Soviet times, cities were generally not recommended to show off their “specialness” too much. Therefore, the new holiday was regarded as a symbol of novelty, as a symbol of change, and - I’m not afraid to remember these words - restructuring and acceleration. In 1986 it was made a city holiday in Leningrad and Voronezh, in 1987 - in Novosibirsk, Zhdanov and Uglich. Then the process, as M.S. Gorbachev said, began. Every self-respecting city has acquired its own local holiday, City Day.

This holiday was most often timed to coincide with the founding day of the settlement. But sometimes the Russian weather protested. The founding date of the same Yekaterinburg is November 18. The cold and gray sky, crying now with rain, now with snow, are not conducive to walks and lists. Therefore, in Eburg (as local youth now call their city for brevity), City Day was moved to warm August.

As a matter of fact, City Days were not celebrated not only in Soviet times, but also in pre-revolutionary times. Throughout the entire territory of the empire there were only two cities “with faces”, Moscow and St. Petersburg. Everything else is a provincial or district city N. Even such large centers as Nizhny Novgorod, Kazan, Odessa, Kyiv, Tiflis and Warsaw fell into this faceless category.

Great (and small) Russian literature is a witness to this. The hero's place of residence in Moscow or St. Petersburg was described in great detail: in Kolomna, on Peski, in Maryina Roshcha, on Arbat in Krivokolenny Lane... In the provinces, the author did not report any details dear to his heart. Well, yes, there is a most beautiful place in Simbirsk, Venets, but who has heard of this urban area besides the Simbirsk people themselves?

With the exception of capitals, the empire did not need unique cities and towns. People living in these countless cities N should have felt not like residents of some city or region, but subjects of one state. Under Soviet rule, the general course did not change. Moscow was the symbol of the entire country, Leningrad was the cradle of the revolution, and Uryupinsk was destined to become a joke precisely because they had never heard of Marx, Lenin, or even Stalin.

In the 1960s, the course changed slightly. Local history began to be developed and encouraged, and love for the small homeland was nurtured. It was then that it suddenly became fashionable for all cities, right down to regional centers, to receive coats of arms. Moreover, as a rule, few people dared to restore old, pre-revolutionary coats of arms. And some cities built during Soviet rule had none at all.

In the late 1980s and early 1990s, not only the national, but also the regional movement began to revive. This was due, in particular, to the fact that the regions received more economic and financial independence. As a result, the process of regional branding began. Each city and town acquired its own coat of arms, flag, museum, local history and local attractions. And on City Day too.

City Day, like any festival, should be held according to a competent scenario. This scenario, firstly, includes the creation of special holiday spaces. Traffic is being blocked on some streets and squares. Where cars used to move, you can take a leisurely stroll.

Secondly, the organized festive space simultaneously becomes a trading platform. Anything can be sold, but it is desirable that local goods and locally produced products be presented against the backdrop of Chinese consumer goods. And yes, the trading floor will be very decorated with attractions and fast food pavilions.

Every wedding must have its own general. The third important component of City Day should be the official program. The presence of local authorities and the local elite is mandatory. They lead the city in real life, they should be at the holiday too.

The fourth component of City Day is a festive concert, where “stars” and “little stars” must certainly perform. Performances by folk groups can serve as a kind of “warm-up” for the audience for the upcoming concert.

The general outline of the holiday should be varied in accordance with what the city is used to glorifying itself. This may be the memory of military victories, or the historical and economic glory of the city. There are cities - just ready-made symbols of interethnic - let's not say friendship - but a long successful life together. An example of such a city, both Russian and Tatar, is Kazan.

Unfortunately, such holidays as City Day still remain too official. The organizers strive to minimize any kind of unforeseen amateur activities. Residents of the city are not participants in the holiday, but only its spectators. Although the main purpose of this holiday is precisely the manifestation of local initiative, which pushes people towards each other, makes them feel like a single social organism, residents of the city whose holiday is celebrated.

The summer festival "Flower Jam" has barely died down when a new city event is just around the corner, which will take place as part of the year-round project "Moscow Seasons" - the celebration of the 870th Anniversary of Moscow or, as we are more often used to calling this holiday - Moscow City Day 2017. From the article you learn about the program of events: about all the free events that will take place in Moscow at this time. For convenience, we will divide all events by venue.

When will Moscow City Day 2017 be celebrated? We answer: with September 1 to September 10, 2017. This duration is explained by the anniversary. Moscow turns 870 this year. The main events will take place on the weekend of September 9th and 10th.

The main theme of the festival will be the bright personalities who created the 870-year history of Moscow and beyond. In 10 days, it’s as if you’ve flipped through 870 pages of a book called “Moscow - 870 Years”.

A special feature of Moscow's public outdoor events is that after visiting each event, you will be left with memorable photographs against the backdrop of memorable installations, gain a lot of new knowledge and skills at lectures and master classes, and be sure to try new unusual dishes that will pleasantly surprise you at the price.

Moscow City Day 2017 in numbers

• 42 holiday venues not only in the center, but in almost every district
• more 1000 events from 1 to 10 September

Opening hours of the sites: from 11 am to 9 pm.

Program of events on Tverskaya

Tverskoy Boulevard is where the main events dedicated to City Day traditionally take place. This year the following sites will start here:

• Sports grounds future. Come to Tverskoy Boulevard in sportswear and you can learn new games and sports. For example, spaceball- something between billiards and football. Everything will take place outdoors from 11am to 9pm. You can also have a snack in open cafes. The menu will consist exclusively of healthy food.
• Very close, on Novopushkinsky square, master classes will be held for children telling about the laws of nature and scientific experiments. Here are just some of the topics - Your DNA, Give Paper a Second Chance, High Voltage, Jet Master Class and many others. Detailed schedule for each day with time indication - see.
• U monument to Yesenin There will be fascinating lectures about the history of Moscow.
• U monument to Timiryazev- lectures about various megacities.
• On Tverskaya Square There will be events dedicated to the continuity of generations. These events are especially good for grandparents and grandchildren to attend. Guests will take part in culinary and creative master classes, interactive performances and performances, and watch concerts. They will install art objects - family trees, some of which can be filled with historical photos of your family. Children will be able to learn how to make architectural sketches.
• Take a walk to Stoleshnikov Lane and sign up for one of the tours of Moscow mansions. On weekdays walks start at 7 pm, on weekends at 2 pm and at 5 pm.

On Kamergersky Lane from 15:00 (on weekdays) and from 12:00 (on weekends) 45-minute classes in classical ballet and opera singing will be held. .

Program of events on Revolution Square

Starting your walk from Tverskaya metro station, continue it to the very heart of Moscow, to Revolution Square and Manezhnaya Square. Here, according to tradition, the main art object of the holiday will be installed and the largest fair will be located.

• On Revolution Square. What was installed in this place as part of the Moscow seasons - an ice slide with a skating rink, and a huge stuffed doll. This fall a real one will appear here pool for a wakeboard that will last up to October 9. For those who are not afraid of cool weather, master classes in this sport are provided. Everyone else can just watch the performances of professionals who are preparing their show programs on September 9 and 10.
• We continue to get acquainted with water sports and take a walk to Manezhnaya Square. Here the structure will be assembled to create artificial wave 12 meters high. On September 9 and 10 you will be able to watch performances by flowboarders and bodyboarders.
• Acting workshops for children will be held next to the pools. Schedule .

Program of events on Kuznetsky Bridge

Master classes for children on creating cartoons will be held on Rozhdestvenka Street. Children will be told and shown in action such creative professions as animator, cameraman, director, costume designer. Schedule of numerous master classes.

Program of events on Old Arbat

Events on Old Arbat dedicated to Moscow City Day 2017 will be held under the sign of Russian aviation and its heroes. Children will be able to build real model airplanes and learn the basics of the airline business. Everyone will be able to take pictures against the backdrop of unusual airplane wings.

Program of events on Novy Arbat

During the celebrations of Moscow City Day 2017, New Arbat will turn into a seaport or a fishing village. Walk down the street and you can stand at the helm, learn the story of famous sailors, take a photo on the captain’s bridge, or try yourself as a polar explorer.

Other sites

• On Kievskaya, Automotive lessons will be held at Europe Square. Attend this event if you are interested in Formula 1 and racing cars.
• On Tretyakovskaya in Klimentovsky Lane they will install the art composition “Worker and Collective Farm Woman” and organize lessons on the theory and history of painting. Surely, you will want to visit the Tretyakov Gallery again.
• On the platform near the metro Airport(Leningradsky Prospekt, 62) there will be events dedicated to cosmonauts and chess players.
• In the northeast of Moscow near the metro Otradnoye(Khachaturyan St., 13) guests will be able to learn about the heroes of the Russian navy and aviation, make a tin soldier and a model airplane.
• In South Tushino (metro Skhodnenskaya) on the street of the same name, property 56, you can remember or learn about the best films and performances about Moscow, make circus and theater props with your own hands, and also become an author of the Moscow 870 magazine.
• IN Zelenograd on Station Square the site will be dedicated to travel and travelers, as well as documentaries about them.
• In the east of Moscow in Novokosino on Gorodetskaya Street, 14, City Day will be celebrated with sporting events with the opportunity to make your own painting on a T-shirt.
• IN Kuzminki(Marshala Chuikov St., 3) there will be various sculptures and art objects dedicated to the great figures of Moscow, as well as creative lessons on wood burning or liquid stone casting. Everyone will be able to learn the basics of Morse code.
• Domodedovo. The main topic is architects and interesting buildings in Moscow.
• Events dedicated to Moscow City Day 2017 will be held even in Troitsk(Lilac Boulevard, 1). Topic: inventions and inventors. At the master classes they will tell you how photography is developed, how Tetris was invented, and children will be able to assemble 3D models of robots with their own hands.

Events for Moscow City Day 2017 in parks

Moscow parks will compete with the main streets in terms of the scale of the celebration. Perhaps the most interesting program is being prepared by the main park in Moscow - Gorky Park; the programs of other parks are smaller in scale, but with their own twists.

In Gorky Park

Come on September 10 at 13:00 Fountain Square, this is where it all starts. On City Day in the park starts Festival "Bright People". First a theatrical procession, and then a 10-hour fairy tale “Colorful Dreams”.

At this time, groups from France, Italy and Russia will perform on the main stage with their own show programs, each of which may seem unusual, but very interesting.

Look out for Corona Theater performing on the main stage at 3:30, 4:50 and 8:15 p.m. These performances opened the famous Venice Carnival.

In the Hermitage Garden

On September 9, a 12-hour theater marathon will take place on the main stage of the park, where you can see excerpts from your favorite performances. A good opportunity to increase your awareness of the repertoire of Moscow theaters. You will be able to see artists from the following theaters: School of Contemporary Play, Theater on Serpukhovka, Theater named after A.S. Pushkin, Musical Theater named after K.S. Stanislavsky and Vl.I. Nemirovich-Danchenko, Ballet Moscow, Liquid Theatre, Taganka Theater, etc.

On September 10, the holiday will continue with a concert, songs about Moscow, and a poetry performance. The full program for celebrating Moscow City Day in the Hermitage Garden is available on the official website.

In Muzeon Park

The park will turn into a catwalk where guests will feel like models. You can learn about modern fashion trends, make fashion accessories under the guidance of artists and designers, watch performances by the teams “Sketches in Space”, “Freak Factory” and the Artem Gaponenko Theater.

Other parks

We talked about events only in large parks, but do not forget that absolutely every park in Moscow is preparing its own program.

• Izmailovsky- will honor famous designers, architects, artists.
• Baumansky will turn into Moscow in the 60s and 70s. Outdoor film screenings, a disco with rock and roll music and a flash mob, which will end with a mass choir, are expected.
• Fili- literary evenings and a concert of pop stars on September 10.
• Kuzminki- stargazing and film screenings.
• Tagansky- sporting events and games, dance training.

What will be free on City Day 2017

All public events on City Day, including participation in master classes, distribution of special equipment and consumables, will be absolutely free, sometimes registration will be required. Below we have indicated the official website where you need to register.

Some venues that typically charge entry fees will also become free. For example:

• Zoo, September 9, free tours at 9 and 11 am.
• Gingerbread Museum, tours on September 9 at 10:00, 11:30, 13:00, 14:30, 16:00, 17:30 and 19:00.
• Museum of Living Systems, excursions on September 9 and 10 at 10:30 am.
• Excursions to Kuskovo, September 9, starting at 11:00, 11:30, 12:00, 12:30, 13:00, 13:30, 14:00 and 14:30.

Fireworks for Moscow City Day 2017

This year's fireworks show will definitely be memorable, because they will launch into the sky 13 260 volleys The fireworks will be made in the form of figures of flowers and festive items. At the end of the fireworks show, the number 870 will appear in the sky. List of places where the fireworks will be especially visible (13 sites in total):

• Raushskaya embankment
• Luzhnetskaya embankment
• Kadyrov street (wasteland)
• Victory Park
• Roslovka street
• Friendship Park
• Novgorodskaya street
• Bauman Park
• Kuzminki Park
• Brateevsky Park
• Moskovsky settlement
• Lake Alley
• Sadovo-Krestyanskaya street

• On the official website of Moscow you can explore the multimedia project “Photos, Videos and Personalities”, dedicated to the most prominent people of Moscow in its entire past history.
• Official website of the project: interactive map of events, latest news, photos and videos.
• How public transport will work on City Day.

You have learned about the program of events for Moscow City Day 2017: where to go and what to do. Almost all events are suitable for visiting with children. Almost all sites will have food courts for snacks. A special feature of the festival is a carefully selected menu of cafes and an open-air restaurant. Even fast food is prepared exclusively from farm and fresh products.

Moscow celebrates its 870th anniversary: ​​a ten-day festival with concerts, excursions, shows and fireworks ends. Muscovites are accustomed to large-scale celebrations in honor of the capital's birthday, but they did not always celebrate it on a grand scale, and they began to celebrate it again not so long ago.

Disputes about Moscow's birthday

The date to be considered is still a stumbling block for historians. No reliable information about the founding of the city has been preserved: chronicle sources and church documents, contradicting each other, named the years 880, 1117, 1140, 1147 and 1156.

Nikolai Karamzin in the “History of the Russian State” took 1147 as the starting point, under which Moscow was first mentioned in the Ipatiev Chronicle: “In the summer of 6655. Gyurga went to fight the Novgorochka volost, and came to take the New Trade and take all the revenge; and Yuri came to Svyatoslav and ordered him to fight the Smolensk volost; and Svyatoslav marched and took the people of Golyad, the top of Porotva, and so Svyatoslav’s squad was swarmed. And Gyurgi sent a speech: “Come to me, brother, in Moscow.” Svyatoslav rode to him with his child Olg, in a small squad, taking Volodyamer Svyatoslavich with him; Oleg rode ahead to Gyurgevi, and let him be forgiven. And his father Svyatoslav came for him, and so kindly kissed, on the day of heels, to the praise of the Holy Mother of God, and so there was joy. On the morning of the same day, Gyurgi commanded to arrange a strong dinner, and do great honor to them, and give many gifts to Svyatoslav, with love, and to his sons Olgovi and Volodymyr Svyatoslavich...”

The year 6655 in modern chronology is the 1147th. Prince Yuri Dolgoruky invites Svyatoslav to a feast, but why? “That same summer (1156), the great prince Yuri Volodymerich founded the city of Moscow on the Neglinn river above the Yauza River,” says the Tver Chronicle. True, there is information that in 1156 Yuri Dolgoruky was in Kyiv. This gives reason to believe that the fortress was actually founded by Andrei Bogolyubsky, son of Yuri.

Recognizing the authority of Nikolai Karamzin, most scientists adhered to the version that the city was founded in 1147. But on what day should we celebrate the holiday? Karamzin in his large-scale work indicated not only the year, but also the date - March 28 (the Feast of the Praise of the Virgin Mary). His version was supported by historian and journalist Mikhail Pogodin and writer Alexander Herzen. It was challenged by Professor Ivan Snegirev, who “moved” the date, citing shifts in the church calendar. His version was accepted by the professor’s student Pyotr Khavsky and the young archaeologist and historian Ivan Zabelin. However, these disputes did not lead to anything, and by decree of Emperor Nicholas I, Moscow celebrated its 700th anniversary... on January 1, 1847.

Invisible holiday: first anniversary

It is believed that the historian Mikhail Pogodin first spoke about the 700th anniversary of Moscow, although the anniversary date was mentioned back in 1831. In the poem "Ay!" Nikolay Yazykov wrote:

I'm here! Long live Moscow!

This is my dear heaven!

Here is our mother Russia

The seven hundred year old is alive!

Ten years later, similar words were heard in Karolina Pavlova’s message to “Countess E.P. Rostopchina”, in 1842 the round date was mentioned in the poem “The Railway” by Stepan Shevyrev. They all communicated with Pogodin, and perhaps the poetic lines were born from the conversations of like-minded people.

Only in 1846, the historian himself published the article “Moscow’s Seven Centenary” in the magazine “Moskvityanin”, where he proposed a long list of anniversary events. Most of them are the preparation of articles and books about the history of the city, its attractions and main institutions. The list also includes the lives of saints, biographies of scientists, writers, artists and other famous citizens, humorous descriptions of Moscow morals and depictions of the city in paintings.

It is unknown how the proposal to celebrate the anniversary of Moscow reached Nicholas I. Muscovite Elizaveta Popova mentioned in her diaries that Stepan Shevyrev told the Minister of Public Education Sergei Uvarov about the importance of the anniversary, and he conveyed the essence to the emperor. The Emperor allegedly replied: “Celebrate as you want and do what you want.” But researchers question this episode: in the eyes of the royal family, calls to return Moscow to capital status resembled a revolutionary slogan. Therefore, the emperor decreed that there should be a holiday, but... unnoticeable.

Its main episode was the “solemn prayer service” in the cathedral Chudov Monastery. Most Muscovites did not even know that the city’s anniversary was celebrated on the first day of 1847: the order of the Governor General of Moscow, Prince Alexei Shcherbatov, was published directly on January 1. Who would read them on this day?

Apart from the chime, the only reminder of the holiday was the evening illumination. Fyodor Glinka in the article “The Seven Centenary of Moscow” wrote: “The city part and the long lines of shops were surrounded by a wide ribbon of fire and the pillars were strung with lights. The foot of the monument to Minin and Pozharsky was also illuminated, and on its sides there were two high pyramids with wonderful inscriptions. The Imperial Moscow University, showered with lights, and many other buildings attracted crowds of moving people, while long rows of carriages stretched along the streets under the pink glow of lighting. We can say that Moscow greeted 1847 and its seven hundredth anniversary with light and cordiality.” Most likely, the poet exaggerated the scale of the illumination: a strong wind quickly blew out the flames of the tallow pans.

From the diaries of the townspeople it is clear that the first anniversary of Moscow was celebrated in a family or friendly circle. Slavophile Vasily Panov gathered relatives and like-minded people for his name day, but at the meeting there were also toasts to Moscow. Mikhail Pogodin recalled a “pleasant conversation” over lunch with fellow historian Stepan Nechaev. The owner called guests to celebrate the New Year and the 700th anniversary of “our Mother Moscow.”

That evening Mikhail Dmitriev wrote to Pogodin: “What have the people learned now from this illumination? Absolutely nothing... This did not remember the celebrations of the seven hundredth anniversary, but made them forget it or not think about it, merging it with the New Year!” In this letter, the poet proposed his program: “The most decent thing was to make a three-day celebration, starting it on March 28, which falls on Friday in Holy Week, when there are already festivities and gatherings of people. On the first day, let there be a church celebration and illumination; the next day there is an academic celebration at the University and a ball at the Governor General’s and again illumination; on the third day there is a national celebration: bulls roasting in the squares, and fountains, and in the evening a ball in the Noble Assembly for the nobility and merchants and illumination... You never know what you could come up with, but Moscow is worth it!”

Sports performance, high-rise buildings and 800th anniversary street: a holiday in Soviet style

A large-scale celebration awaited Moscow only in honor of the 800th anniversary. In 1947, at a meeting of the government committee, a new date for the celebrations was approved - September 7, 1947.

Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Moscow City Council Georgy Popov recalled: “But I made another proposal, and it was accepted: to celebrate on the day of the 135th anniversary of the Battle of Borodino, when it is still warm, there are a lot of vegetables and fruits, and usually there is good weather in the first week of September. In addition, this gave more time to prepare for the celebration - a lot of preparatory work had to be done.” In post-war Moscow, it was necessary to replace the plywood on the windows with glass and tidy up the road surface on the main highways, paint signs and lamps, illuminate all the stairwells and entrances, plant flowers on the boulevards and squares and install garden sofas, decorate signs and shop windows.

They celebrated for four days. The central place of the celebrations was the Dynamo stadium. For the first time, artists and amateur groups took part in the performances along with professional athletes and gymnasts. Factory workers in bright suits lined up in different figures, women and men competed in running, shot put, played volleyball, trained horses danced the waltz, polka, bowed and did pirouettes. American writer John Steinbeck wrote in his “Russian Diary”: “There was a performance of cyclists, and a motorcycle race, and, finally, a performance that required a lot of preparation. A line of motorcycles rode along the path. There was a motorcyclist sitting in front, and on the back of each motorcycle there was a girl in a tight suit holding a huge red flag, so when the motorcyclist accelerated to full speed, the large flag fluttered. The cavalcade drove around the stadium twice, and this became the final number of the program.”

The holiday program included a ceremonial meeting of the Moscow City Council, and the laying of all the high-rise buildings, which were later called Stalinist, and the beginning of the installation of the monument to Yuri Dolgoruky on Sovetskaya (now Tverskaya) Square, and a fireworks display of 20 volleys. In honor of the anniversary, the street of the Eight Centenary of Moscow and the gazebo in Neskuchny Garden were named. The latter appeared in 1951, but Joseph Stalin signed the decree on the construction of the complex in 1947.

Opera, festival and performance in honor of the 850th anniversary

The next time City Day was remembered was in the second half of the 1980s. At the beginning of 1987, the bureau of the city committee of the CPSU decided to hold a holiday, and it took place on September 19. The next anniversary - 850 years - was celebrated in September 1997. Stars of the world opera stage gathered on Cathedral Square in the Kremlin, the “Slavic Bazaar Welcomes Moscow” festival and a big concert were held on Red Square, and the play “Moscow for All Seasons” was held at Luzhniki. Festive events took place in every district of the capital.

For the anniversary, the shopping and pedestrian bridge “Bagration” was opened, which connected the Krasnopresnenskaya embankment with the Taras Shevchenko embankment, the park of the 850th anniversary of Moscow in Maryino, and exhibitions of the first stage of the general reconstruction of the Moscow Zoo. Guests of the zoo were able to see animals that had not been here for a long time or had never been here: Humboldt penguins, helmeted cassowaries, white-fronted lemurs, eastern colobus monkeys, Asiatic lions, and South African giraffes.

The number 850 has long adorned the Ferris wheel at VDNKh, built for the city’s birthday. Until 2012, it was the largest in Russia: its height was 73 meters, diameter - 70 meters. In 2016, the technically outdated and unsafe attraction was dismantled. Its place will be taken by the largest 140-meter Ferris wheel in Europe.

From festivals and fireworks to the MCC: Moscow - 869

On Tverskaya Street, on Revolution Square, on Rozhdestvenka. In the wake park between Revolution Square and Manezhnaya Square, they organize Jam Session free-format skating and show a show in honor of the 870th anniversary of Moscow. The park program includes fashion shows by the capital's designers, performances by European and Russian opera singers and favorite films about the capital.

Holidays colored the sky on September 9th. This year they were launched with musical accompaniment - songs about the capital. 20 thousand volleys thundered from 30 points. The main venue was Raushskaya Embankment, where the sky was decorated with the numbers 870.

Archival materials were provided by the Main Archive Directorate of Moscow.

Used sources

1. Kantorovich I.V. From the history of Moscow. - M.: MIROS, 1997. - P. 5-22.
2. Dmitriev S.S. Russian public and the seven hundredth anniversary of Moscow (1847) // Historical notes. T. 36. - M., 1951. - P. 219-251.
3. Buck D. The Sescentenary of Moscow as a historical and cultural text // Politropon. To the 70th anniversary of V.N. Toporova. - M.: Indrik, 1998. - P. 992-1014.
4. Pogodin M.P. Sescentenary of Moscow // Moskvityanin. - 1846. - Part 1. - No. 1. - P. 287-289.
5. Bocharov N.P. To the seven hundred and fiftieth anniversary of Moscow // Russian Review. - St. Petersburg. : 1896. - pp. 353-375.
6. Moscow anniversary. That's how it was. - M.: Mosgorarkhiv et al., 1998. - P. 20-21.
7. Khavsky P.V. Sescentenary of Moscow, 1147-1847, or Index to the sources of its topography and history for seven centuries. - M.: University Printing House, 1847. - P. 506-512.
8. Taranov E. “Party Governor” of Moscow Georgy Popov. M.: Publishing house of the Main Archive of Moscow, 2004. P. 234.
9. Kiselev A., Gorinov M. History of Moscow: The capital of Russia and the Soviet state (1914-1991). Volume IV. M.: JSC MDS, 1997. P. 292.

Every year on the first Saturday of September, Muscovites celebrate the birthday of the capital of the Russian Federation. In 2017, Moscow will celebrate City Day on the second weekend - September 9, and the holiday will continue on September 10. The year of Moscow's foundation is 1147 - therefore, in 2017 the capital celebrates its 870th anniversary. On Moscow City Day, folk festivals and concerts are held in the capital. The festive program will end with a ceremonial fireworks display (). Find out where to watch fireworks in Moscow on City Day - 870.

Solemn opening of the Moscow City Day holiday starts on September 9th 12:00 on Red Square, and with 13:00 festivities and entertainment events start at more than 200 sites in the city, including in the capital’s parks, where a festive program for City Day has been prepared. The main venues for the celebration of City Day will be Tverskaya Street, Krasnaya, Manezhnaya, Tverskaya, Teatralnaya, Pushkinskaya and Bolotnaya Squares, Arbat Street, Poklonnaya Gora, Gorky Park, Sokolniki, Tsaritsyno Museum-Reserve, Kolomenskoye Estate Museum, VDNKh and pedestrian areas of Moscow. So the question of where to go on City Day on September 9 and 10 has a simple answer - you can go to Moscow parks. It will be fun and interesting - the plan of events for Moscow City Day 2017 is extensive, the celebration program in the parks is prepared for all ages and for every taste.

Moscow City Day 2017 - program of events in Moscow parks

Program Moscow City Day 2017 - September 9-10

City Day will be celebrated in the squares and streets of Moscow. Moscow will celebrate its 870th birthday. This means that a large number of bright, large-scale and free entertainment has been prepared for Muscovites and guests of the capital on City Day. The organizers promise that City Day 2017 in Moscow will be unprecedented - more than a thousand events will be held in the city. A whole system of festive decorations will create the mood for all Muscovites and visitors. More than 270 art objects will be installed at different points to decorate Moscow on City Day. During the Moscow Anniversary 870 festival, venues throughout the city will tell about the outstanding achievements, discoveries and inventions of Muscovites. Let's find out where to go on Moscow City Day 2017.

• Festival Moscow-870

The Moscow Anniversary 870 festival will take place from September 1 to 10. There are 40 thematic platforms open throughout the city that tell about outstanding people and events related to Moscow. The platforms are divided by themes: “Moscow conquers”, “Moscow creates”, “Moscow builds”, “Moscow sets records”, “Moscow invents”, “Moscow opens” and “Our victories”. The sites are dedicated to the achievements of scientists and inventors, theater figures, composers, famous buildings, military campaigns, etc.

In particular, on Tverskaya and Mokhovaya streets, which will be completely closed to cars, there will be 7 zones. The Moscow Sets Records zone on Tverskaya will house a parkour park, two boxing arenas, jumps for motocross and mountain biking, a climbing wall in the form of Moscow City towers 10 meters high, and much more. Boxing and parkour competitions, freestyle shows with tricks on special bicycles, and master classes will be held here. About 500 athletes-instructors will conduct classes for adults and children in snowboarding, trampolining and other sports.

In the “Moscow Builds” zone Art objects reflecting Moscow architecture will be installed on Tverskaya, made of plexiglass, plastic, plywood and metal, they will be hand-painted and illuminated. Thus, on Tverskaya you will be able to see models of Stalin’s high-rise buildings, the sculpture “Worker and Collective Farm Woman,” models of the Soviet Mars rover and lunar rover, and the icebreaker “Arktika.” The key object will be a model of the orbital space station “Salyut-7” in almost the original scale, you can look into it. And the first woman to go into outer space, Svetlana Savitskaya, will talk about her unique experience at the festival.

At the "Moscow Invents" site, which will open on the section of Tverskaya Street from Voznesensky to Stoleshnikov Lane, scientists will talk about the latest discoveries. Thus, biologist and journalist Ilya Kolmanovsky will talk about the unusual abilities of plants and animals. During master classes and experiments, viewers will be shown how we sense tastes and why natural phenomena such as a tsunami or thunderstorm occur. The nature of electricity will become clearer with the help of lasers and mirrors, and scientific shows “Crystallomania”, “React” and “Mendeleev” will take place.

Where: Moscow, Revolution Square, Tverskoy Boulevard, Novopushkinsky Square, Manezhnaya Square, New Arbat, etc.

• Festival “Good Deeds” on Tsvetnoy Boulevard

Charitable organizations will organize an exhibition-fair on Tsvetnoy Boulevard to help residents of the big city. You can help those in need by buying dishes, toys, souvenirs, clothes and accessories. Anyone can take part in the charity race for a donation of 200 rubles. The length of the distance is 6.5 km, registration is on the website until September 8. On the evening of September 10, there will be a concert at which the groups Chelsea, Django, Pizza, ex-soloist of Tatu Lena Katina, Sogdiana, Dominic Joker and Katya Kokorina, rapper Kravts, Stas Piekha and other artists will perform.

Where: Moscow, Tsvetnoy Boulevard

• Inter-museum festival on Arbat

On City Day, historians and literary scholars on stage near the theater. Vakhtangov will be told about Arbat - a unique place, Moscow Montmartre, the center of the cultural life of the capital. Walking tours will be organized for those interested. On September 9 and 10, the Russian group “Feelin’s”, the Italian singer Boris Savoldell, and the project “YeseninJazz” will perform here.

Where: Moscow, st. Arbat

• Festival "Bright People"

The street theater festival “Bright People” will be held in Gorky Park and Muzeon. Here you can see performances of foreign and domestic theater projects. The French collective Remue Ménage will present the play “Bear's Mouth” with giant artificial bears. The Italian Corona will present the show "Lotus Flower" and "White Lady", featuring dancers, acrobats and musicians who became famous at the Venice Carnival. The Russian group Liquid Theater and GITIS graduates will perform a 10-hour fairy tale show “Colorful Dreams”. The audience will go on a magical journey with aerialists, acrobats and opera singers.

The Muzeon Arts Park will present a fusion of design, theatrical, visual and musical arts. The performance “Fashion + Poetry” will take place here, during which poems by modern poets will be read by actors dressed in designer outfits from Moscow fashion designers. Also performing will be the Artem Gaponenko Theater troupes, “Sketches in Space” and “Freak. Fabrik." Fashion shows by designers Andrei Bartenev, Venera Kazarova, Kirill Mintsev and others will be held. Visitors will also be able to create unique looks with the help of stylists, make their own accessories and souvenirs from environmentally friendly materials in the “Fashion + Art” zone.

• "Theatrical March" in the Hermitage Garden

“Theater March”, which will take place for the fifth time on City Day and will allow Muscovites to see new theatrical productions in the open for free. On September 9, the School of Contemporary Play will show “Bad Advice” based on the book by G. Oster, and “Theatrium on Serpukhovka” will show the family musical “The Flying Ship”. For adults there will be a concert “On the Blue Danube” from the Musical Theater named after. K. S. Stanislavsky and V. I. Nemirovich-Danchenko. The 2017 Golden Mask nominees, dancers from the Moscow Ballet Theater, will perform a modern dance performance, “All Roads Go North.” In the evening, the Taganka Theater troupe will show the rock and drama “Viy” based on Gogol’s story, in which the actors are also musicians, and the lyrics of the songs of the deceased bard Venya D’Rkin (Alexander Litvinov) give depth and new understanding to the mystical story. On Sunday, September 10, artists from Moscow theaters will perform old favorite songs about Moscow. Then the musical and poetic program “Dance Floor” and the poetic performance “Brodsky. Poems" from the Praktika Theater, Meyerhold Center and Pyotr Fomenko Workshop. On this day, children will be able to be announcers, directors and even actors in the Stanislavsky creative workshop.

Where: Moscow, Hermitage Garden

Where: Moscow, Central Park of Culture and Culture named after. Gorky, Muzeon Art Park

• "Labyrinth of Time" at the Moscow Zoo

On City Day, visitors to the Moscow Zoo will be told about the history of the capital's zoo, starting from its founding in 1864. Everyone will be able to travel back in time and attend the opening of the zoo, see what the zoo looked like during the Soviet era. Children will be invited to take part in a festive procession dressed as animals. The kids will make their own masks out of paper at the master class.

Where: Moscow Zoo

• "City of Poets" on Triumfalnaya Square

Poetry lovers should stop by Triumphal Square, where poems by famous poets born in the capital will be read: from Pushkin to Vysotsky, from Lermontov to Akhmadulina. Literary quests and quizzes have also been prepared for visitors, and the “Rhyme with Moscow” event will take place. Heroes of Russian classics will come to life in theatrical and musical performances.

Where: Moscow, Triumfalnaya Square

• “Moscow 60s” in the Garden named after. Bauman

An excursion program and a historical lecture dedicated to the era of the 60s - 70s of the twentieth century will be held in the garden named after. Bauman. This time was remembered for the growth in the welfare of Muscovites, the provision of housing and equipment, the active construction of Khrushchev and constructivist buildings, as well as space achievements. During these years, the architectural formation of modern Moscow took place. Visitors will see their favorite Soviet films of the 60-70s, a photo exhibition of the life of Soviet citizens under Khrushchev and Brezhnev. Guests will be able to dance the twist and rock and roll to retro hits of domestic and foreign music and take selfies in the interior of the 60s. During the master classes, children will be able to play builders, animators, and even assemble a spaceship.

Where: Moscow, Bauman Garden

• Free excursions

On City Day, Muscovites will be able to go on free excursions along the Moscow River and the MCC. While walking on the river bus “Along the Moscow River through the Centuries” you can see the Sparrow Hills, the Novodevichy Convent, the St. Andrew's (Pushkin) Bridge, the Kremlin and Moskvoretskaya embankments. The guide will tell you about the history of these places, interesting facts, and show you the longest Moscow building of the 18th century. You must pay a transport fee and register on the site. The excursion will take place on September 9 and 19, gathering at the Novospassky Most pier.

On the excursion “MCC - the steel ring of the capital” on September 9 and 10, passengers will be told about the historical background of the modern MCC, 15 historical stations and other interesting facts. For example, about the fact that once upon a time travel on the Moscow Railway was more expensive than a 450 gram can of red caviar. Participants are required to pay travel costs and make a deposit to use the audio guide. Excursions start at 11.00, 14.00, 16.00. Gathering at the “Live Communication” information stand at the MCC “Business Center” station.

During the holidays, there will be other excursions and quests to museums and estates, sightseeing tours of the city.

Residents and guests of the capital will be able to take a boat trip and train ride with a guide, play ancient games in the estates and listen to street musicians at the festival.

Moscow museums will be open for free on City Day

To celebrate the 870th anniversary of the capital, the Department of Culture and the Museum of Moscow are organizing more than ten free excursions. Those interested will be able to go on a trip along the Moscow River, drive with a guide along the Moscow Central Circle and play ancient games in city estates.

In the courtyard of the Museum of Moscow will be held Festival "Museum and City". Visitors will see an exhibition dedicated to the history of the city and listen to stories about prominent Muscovites. Street artists and musicians will perform there, and residents will be able to take part in discussions of cultural projects, including in the field of information technology. Festive events will be held over two days, September 9 and 10, from 10:00 to 20:00.

Participants excursions “Along the Moscow River through the centuries” They will see the Sparrow Hills, where ancient settlements were located even before our era, as well as five Stalinist skyscrapers, the Novodevichy Convent and other attractions. During the walk, tourists will be told about the history of the Andreevsky Bridge, which in 1999-2000 was moved two kilometers down the river and “placed” in Gorky Park. In addition, participants will be shown the oldest embankment in the capital - the Kremlin, as well as the longest building in Moscow of the 18th century - the Imperial Orphanage on Moskvoretskaya Embankment.

The excursion will take place on September 9 at 18:00 and September 10 at 11:00, duration - two hours and 15 minutes. The route will start from the Novospassky Most pier. The tour is free, but participants need to pay a transport fee and pre-register on the bureau’s website, which will be launched within two weeks.

On these same days, Muscovites are expected to excursions "MCC - Moscow's steel ring". Participants will learn the history of the construction of 15 historical stations of the Moscow Circular Railway adjacent to the modern MCC stations. These are Andronovka, Ugreshskaya, Presnya (Kutuzovskaya), Likhobory, Vladykino, Rostokino, Belokamennaya and others. All of them were built at the beginning of the 20th century in the Art Nouveau style.

The station buildings were designed by architect Alexander Pomerantsev. He also worked on the project for the GUM building on Red Square. Also, excursion participants will learn that the cost of travel on the Moscow Circular Railway in those days was greatly inflated and varied depending on the class of the car. For example, first class travel cost passengers three rubles. For comparison: in 1911, a cab ride around Moscow cost an average of 15 kopecks, a pound (approximately 450 grams) of red caviar cost 44 kopecks, and a three-course dinner accompanied by live music at the Slavic Bazaar restaurant cost 1.75 rubles.

Excursion “MCC - the steel ring of Moscow” will be held on September 9 and 10, a meeting with a guide will be held at the “Live Communication” information stand at the MCC Business Center station. Participants gather at 11:00, 14:00 and 16:00. The duration of the excursion is one and a half hours, which is exactly how long it takes to make a full circle around the ring. The tour is free, but participants will be required to pay a deposit for the use of the radio guide and pay for travel.

9th of September in the museum “Estate of Princes Golitsyn Vlakhernskoye-Kuzminki”(Horse yard, Starye Kuzminki street, building 13/15) there will be excursions, master classes, evening tea and a historical horse show. At 12:00 guests will be able to visit the author's excursion to the exhibition “Gardens and Parks”. At 14:00 and 15:00 there will also be sightseeing tours of the estate.

From 16:00 to 20:00 citizens will be able to get to "Manor Evening"— tea drinking to the accompaniment of live music, after which guests will enjoy theatrical performances. The evening will end with a horse show in historical costumes of the 19th century.

9th of September at the English Compound Museum(Varvarka Street, building 4a) visitors will be able to immerse themselves in the atmosphere of previous centuries. Against the backdrop of historical interiors of the 16th-17th centuries, on the site you will be able to take part in ancient folk pastimes, for example, playing burners - the prototype of modern tags, and babki - a predecessor of the game of dice. For guests, animators will conduct three sessions of folk entertainment lasting one hour. Starts at 11:00, 13:00, 15:00. The next day, September 10, the English Compound Museum will host two sightseeing tours lasting one hour. Starts at 10:30 and 12:30.

Schedule of excursions, master classes and quests on City Day 2017

— 18:00-20:15 — boat excursion “Along the Moscow River through the centuries”, you will need to pay a transport fee;

— 18:00 — bus tour “Moscow. View from above”, you will need to pay a transport fee and a ticket to the observation deck.

— 11:00-12:30, 14:00-15:30, 16:00-17:30 — excursions around the Moscow Central Circle, gathering at the “Live Communication” information stand, MCC Business Center station;

— 11:00-13:15 — boat excursion “Along the Moscow River through the centuries”, you will need to pay a transport fee.

Museum "English Compound"

Museum of History "Lefortovo"

Museum of Archeology of Moscow

Moscow City Museum

As part of the Museum and the City festival, free tours of the museum's exhibitions will be held.

— 11:00-12:00, 12:00-13:00, 15:00-16:00, 18:00-19:00 — excursion “History of Medieval Moscow”;
— 13:00-14:00, 16:00-17:00 — excursion “History and architecture of the Provision Stores complex.”

Museum "Estate of Princes Golitsyn Vlakhernskoye-Kuzminki"

— 12:00 — author’s tour by historian Boris Sokolov;
— 14:00, 15:00 — excursions around the estate;
— 16:00-20:00 — “Manor Evening”, which will include a tea party with live music, a horse show and theatrical performances.